Mathophilic Academy

28/07/2021

𝐑𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐨𝐧:- 𝐖𝐡𝐲 𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐭 𝐜𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨𝐝𝐚𝐲 (𝐨𝐧 𝟐𝟖𝐭𝐡 𝐉𝐮𝐥𝐲) ?

Ans :- The day is marked in honour of Late 𝕭𝖆𝖗𝖚𝖈𝖍 𝕾𝖆𝖒𝖚𝖊𝖑 𝕭𝖑𝖚𝖒𝖇𝖊𝖗𝖌 (American for sure🤣) for his work on the hepatitis B. He was born on 28th july 1925, identified the hepatitis B virus, and later developed its diagnostic test and vaccine.
He was also awarded with the most prestigious Nobel Prize for this fantastic work for mankind in Physiology in 1976.

07/03/2021

“The problem is not people being uneducated. The problem is that they are educated just enough to believe what they have been taught and not educated enough to question what they have been taught.”
Source - Richard Feynman(Twitter)

And i personally feel, the more educated you are, the more you realize you don't understand. I could say that bad education will make people believe they're right; a good one will make someone try to figure out what is right.

P.S. - The quotation isn't given by Richard Feynman.

27/02/2021

*National Science Day* :-

As we all know ,we celebrate this day on 28th Feb each year to mark the discovery of "Raman effect" by Indian physicist "Sir C.V. Raman" on 28th Jan 1928.

But do you know about his astounding life journey????
So,let's begin. !🇮🇳

The brilliant man had already shown his enormous intelligence and passion towards physics from the early age.

=> At 18, he published his first scientific paper in the British Journal "Philosophical Magazine".
=> His 2nd paper, in the same year, was on surface tension of liquids. After this paper, the eminent British Nobel prize winner Physicist "Reyleigh" wrote a letter to Raman addressing him as "Professor Raman"😅 ,unaware of the fact that he is still a teenager. (Wait for the next paragraph.😁 He has an interesting story🔥 with Reyleigh in his upcoming life. )

Do you know that he is famous for his brilliant work known as "Raman Effect" (named after him)?And how he got the inspiration to research on it ?

(The story we were talking about has come).

You must have heard "why the sky is blue?".And the answer is Reyleigh Scattering .
But " Why sea looks blue as it should have no colour?" . Reyleigh explain this by saying "It's nothing but the reflection of blue sky on water and hence sea looks blue."😅 At that time, that's the correct explanation. (they all believed this hypothesis to be true and no one questioned further. No one actually dares to😅 as it was hypothesized by Reyleigh.)

But One day in 1921,Raman was on a ship in the Mediterranean Sea en route to Oxford. He looked at the beautiful blue color of the Mediterranean Sea and began to doubt Rayleigh’s explanation of its color. Then he started to think about it and began his research on this. He concluded that
"The sea, itself, scatters light ."

The story didn't end here. Raman have to prove it to the scientific community .His team ,in 1923, found that the light gets scattered in liquids(Weakly) .But in 1927, they found a particularly strong color change in light scattered by glycerol (then called glycerine).
And the "Raman effect" was proven.🔥🔥

*** Do you know the 1923 findings of his team were inspired by the "Compton Effect" (published in 1923)😅 !

After this ,Raman also showed that the energy of photons scattered inelastically serves as a ‘FINGERPRINT’ for the substance the light is scattered from.
As a result of this, RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY is now commonly used in chemical laboratories all over the world.It is also used in medicine to investigate living cells and tissues even detecting CANCERS without causing harm.

Awards : -
=> "Nobel prize" in Physics (Raman Effect,1930)
=> Fellow of Royal Society
=> Knighted in 1929 (Raman Effect and became Sir C.V. Raman)

How can we forget such a man ! He has laid the foundation stone for SCIENCE in INDIA.❤❤❤

04/01/2021

GOD OF PHYSICS :

SIR ISSAC NEWTON

**A brief detail ** :-

He was born on 4th Jan 1643 (Modern Calender) in England. Many of you consider Netwon as a physicist,well he was.But he was a philosophist and a Mathematician at first.He was the first man to explain science using mathematics.

**His brilliant discoveries** :-

Universal Gravitation
Laws of Motion
Laws of optics
Binomial series
Newton's method for solving Non-linear equations
"Calculus"🙂
Principia(The book)
Etc etc...

**Mind boggling facts/events** :-

I can't expeess his great achievements(no one can).
(1) He introduced us to Binomial theorem and then he turned 22.🥶
(2) When the Great Plague shuttered Cambridge in 1665, Newton returned home and began formulating his theories on calculus, light and color, his farm the setting for the supposed falling apple that inspired his work on gravity.He was 22 back then.🔥

(3)FREE FALL : When a body free falls,it is weightless.🥶

(4)The white light is actually a combination of 7 different colour of lights(VIBGYOR).
So if you throw u colours at a wall at a time,you will see the White colour.

(5)On a "DARE",he invented Integral and Differential Calculus.
Someone : "Why did the planets revolves in an elliptical orbit? why that shape ? "
He : I don't know.It just comes out from the equation.I will get back to you.
After some months,he gets back to him and said ,"hey,this is the reason.You cut a cone by a plane,you will get Ellispe,Paraboal and Hyperbola."(You can see Conic sections on Google)
Someone : How did you get this result??
Newton : I invented CALCULUS🔥 to find the answer.
*NOTE : Most people struggle in Calculus even today(after more than 300 years)*
And he invented it and then turned 26.

** Myth about APPLE FALLING on his head** :-

The man discoverd laws of Gravity just by sitting here(on earth,using a pen and a paper)🔥. It's rumour that he sat under an apple tree and apple fell on his head and he discovered gravity 😂. (It was a joke or what !)But the certain thing is that when he saw an apple falling from the tree(to the ground),at the same time he was also seeing the moon revolving earth(in space).A questions was posed in his mind"How could that be possible !" And he thought about it and suggest that same force of gravity is acting both on them.Both of them are falling towards earth.
How could that be possible???.But it is!
He illustrates this by a picture.
Imagine ,there is a cannon hitting balls.The more faster it throws the ball,the more distance it will go before hitting the ground.
But EARTH IS CURVED.If you keep increasing the speed of the throw of the ball,it will go farther.And at some point,it will come around the back side of the earth and will hit the Cannon.The moon has that velocity and that is why,it revolves around earth.But the apple doesn't have that horizontal velocity so that it fall(called as FREE FALL).

There are so many events ,we can't even think about,happened with him and he had accomplished that.

Most people believed that he was the closest Super Human ,we have ever got(as well as Einstein).Many scientists believe,no man like him ever walked on this planet.I believe this too.

** Some Famous Quotes ** :-
(1) "Plato is my friend,
Aristotle is my friend,
but my greatest friend is truth."
(2) "If I have seen further it is by standing onthe shoulders of Giants."
(3) "Gravity explains the motions of the planets, but it cannot explain who sets the planets in motion."
(4) "No great discovery was ever made without a bold guess."
(5) "Genius is patience."

28/12/2020

ARTHUR EDDINGTON- The man who made Einstein world famous more than ever.🔥🔥🔥

*BRIEF INTRO*:
Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington, (born December 28, 1882, Kendal, Westmorland, England—died November 22, 1944, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire),an FRS(obviously). English astronomer, physicist, and mathematician who did his greatest work in astrophysics, investigating the motion, internal structure, and evolution of stars. "He also was the first expositor of the theory of relativity in the English language."

NOTABLE WORKS(Brief) :
“The Expanding Universe”
“The Mathematical Theory of Relativity”
“Internal Constitution of the Stars”
“Fundamental Theory”
“Stars and Atoms”
“Stellar Movements
“Relativity Theory of Protons and Electrons

🥶His groundbreaking Results🥶 : -

(1) *MOTION OF STARS USING MATHEMATICS* :
He wrote a paper on the "dynamics of a globular stellar system". In Stellar Movements and the Structure of the Universe (1914), he summarized his mathematically elegant investigations of the motions of stars in the Milky Way.

(2) ROLE IN MAKING OF EINSTEIN* :
In 1919, he led an expedition to Príncipe Island (West Africa) that provided the first confirmation of Einstein’s theory that gravity will bend the path of light when it passes near a massive star. During the total eclipse of the sun, it was found that the positions of stars seen just beyond the eclipsed solar disk were, as the general theory of relativity had predicted, slightly displaced away from the centre of the solar disk. Eddington was the first expositor of relativity in the English language. His report on the Relativity theory of Gravitation written for the Physical Society, followed by Space, Time and Gravitation and his great treatise The Mathematical Theory of Relativity latter considered by Einstein the finest presentation of the subject in any language,made Eddington a "leader in the field of relativity physics".

(3) He made a brilliant modification of non-Euclidean geometry, leading to a "Geometry of the cosmos".

(4) His book, "Relativity Theory of Protons and Electrons" (1936), dealt with quantum theory which related the General Relativity with Quantum Particles.🔥


There are lots of other stuffs about him and his brilliancy,which can't be told through this post.

P.S. - It was just a small effort from me to make a small change in the field of science by spreading the awareness about Scientist's lives and their significance.May be, this small change will led to a great event through Butterfly effect.( I wish so)

22/12/2020

133 years ago from today (22nd Dec 1887),a Genius was born named Srinivasa Ramanujan.
The greatest mathematician of all the time (along with EULER),revolutionalize the world with his mind.
Some fascinating stories of him:-
1. When he was young(at 11) had exhausted the mathematical knowledge of two college students.
2.He developed his own method of solving Quartic equation(degree 4).
3.Meanwhile,he was also trying to solve for Qunitic equation(not knowing that Quintic equation isn't solvable in terms of radicals).
4.When he was 16(in 1903),he got a book by his friend from a library "copy of A Synopsis of Elementary Results in Pure and Applied Mathematics, G. S. Carr's.(collection of 5,000 theorems).He studied those at home and invent some new theorems and identities on his own.(some of them are known,but rediscovered)
5. V Ramaswamy Aiyer(a man who changed his life) is the founder of INDIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY. Ramanujan went to him for a job and after meeting him ,Aiyer said " I was struck by the extraordinary mathematical results contained in [the notebooks of Ramanujan]. I had no mind to smother his genius by an appointment in the lowest rungs of the revenue department."
6.He wrote a letter to G.H HARDY(FRS,mathematician at Trinity college) and he recognised his brilliancy and make him go to UK.And after sometime,he also helped Ramanujan to get the FRS(FELLOW OF ROYAL SOCIETY).
7.Ramanujan was the youngest and 2nd Indian to be awarded with this honour(Keep ing in mind that Englishmen were ruling India back then).
8.Most of the works of him haven't been completely understood by the mathematical society by now and no one knows how did he get the results!
9.I am not able(nobody can't)to write all his mathematical. But his famous works are :-
*Ramanujan's infinte series
*Prime Counting function
*Landau-Ramanujan Constant
*Mock theta function
*Ramanujan theta Function
*Rogers-Ramanujan Identities
And many more.
10.Taxicab Number:-
When coming back to India ,he told Hardy to book a Taxi and then he asked the Taxicab number ,then Hardy replied "Not an interesting number,1729".After hearing this,Ramanujan replied No! It's the smallesr number which can be expressible as sum of two cubes in two different ways.
1729 = 9³ + 10³
= 12³ + 1³
11.Later,when we noticed one of his paper,we found this.(See the pictures)
12.India doesn't deserve him (We feel proud because of him).Peope will hate me for saying this but this is true.But if he were in UK from birth,he would be more brilliant.
Most of the people still don't know about him,which is a disgrace to our society.

20/09/2020

AMAZING FACT - #01
Do you know it is illegal to broadcast at 1420 MHz??

The story goes like this :-
On August 15th 1977,the US radio telescope picked up a strange and a strong signal coming from deep space.The signal lasted for 72 seconds ,but after that we were never able to detect that signal again and to this day,we don't know exactly where it came from.
But one researcher saw the sequences of the number indicating the signal,he wrote the word "WOW" on the original printout.(Obviously, the signal didn't say wow! 😆). It had no encoded information and this signal was not modulated.

WHAT IS MODULATION?
Sound signals in our hearing range lie between 20 Hz to 20000Hz. But we don't just don't those wirelessly. We first moved the signal to a higher frequency (let's say 96.5 MHz or called 96.5 FM in the radio terms) .This is called modulation and then it is sent over the Airways and the receiver moves the frequency back down and we can hear the sound.
That's how radio works !

The most interesting part : - 🥶

Before two years of discovery of this signal ,two physicists predicted that if intelligent life ever try to communicate with us through radio emissions,they may use the frequency of 1420 MHz and that's because it matches the electromagnetic radiations naturally given off By Hydrogen (the most common element in the universe).
THIS WOULD BE LIKE A MUTUALLY UNDERSTOOD VALUE BETWEEN ADVANCED CIVILISATIONS FOR COMMUNICATION.

And the WOW signal was picked up at almost 1420 MHz frequency.

In fact,we think it is so likely that Alien life use this frequency to communicate with us that it is illegal for us to broadcast with that frequency.

02/07/2020

As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality,they are not certain and as far they are certain , they do not refer reality .
- Albert Einstein

29/08/2019

Why Michio Kaku, Musk and Sagan are here??? 😅😅

26/08/2019

24/08/2019

Who is the thief ????
Next puzzle in 24 hours. 😃