Physics for you

In 1845, a German physicist, Gustav Kirchhoff, developed a pair of laws that deal with the conservation of current and energy within electrical circuits. These two laws are commonly known as Kirchhoff’s Voltage and Current Law. These laws help calculate the electrical resistance of a complex network or impedance in the case of AC and the current flow in different network streams.

In physics , Gauss's law, also known as Gauss's flux theorem is one of Maxwell's equations. It is an application of the divergence theorem, and it relates the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field.

A Tesla coil is an electrical resonant transformer circuit designed by inventor Nikola Tesla in 1891.It is used to produce high-voltage, low-current, high-frequency alternating-current electricity.

Indian scientists develop new brain-like computing tech, DST says invention holds biz potential
BENGALURU: A team of scientists from Bengaluru’s Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) have developed a low energy consuming, high-speed tech that has brain-like computing capability. For this, they used scandium nitride (ScN), a semiconducting material with supreme stability to develop brain-like computing.
source :- TOI

IN NEWS -: India Friday confirmed that a missile had entered Pakistan from India Wednesday due to “accidental firing” caused by “a technical malfunction” in the “course of routine maintenance”. Sources said this was a BrahMos supersonic cruise missile.
ABOUT BRAHMOS :-
- BRAHMOS is a joint venture between the Defence Research and Development Organisation of India (DRDO) and the NPOM of Russia.
- Brahmos is named on the rivers Brahmaputra and Moskva.
- It is a two-stage (solid propellant engine in the first stage and liquid ramjet in second) air to surface missile with a flight range of around 300 km.
- However, India's entry into the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) has extended the range of the BRAHMOS missile to reach 450 km-600km, a shade above its current MTCR capped range of 300 km.
- Brahmos is the heaviest weapon to be deployed on Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft, with a weight of 2.5 tonnes.
- Brahmos is a multiplatform i.e it can be launched from land, air, and sea and multi capability missile with pinpoint accuracy that works in both day and night irrespective of the weather conditions.
It operates on the "Fire and Forgets" principle i.e it does not require further guidance after launch.
- Brahmos is one of the fastest cruise missile currently operationally deployed with speed of Mach 2.8, which is 3 times more than the speed of sound.

Thermobaric weapons:

These are called vacuum bombs as they suck in oxygen from surrounding areas to generate high-voltage explosions.The thermobaric weapon, also known as an aerosol bomb or fuel air explosive, is a two-stage munition.

The first-stage charge distributes an aerosol made up of very fine material – from a carbon-based fuel to tiny metal particles. A second charge ignites that cloud, creating a fireball, a huge shock wave, and a vacuum as it sucks up all surrounding oxygen.

The blast wave can last for significantly longer than a conventional explosive and is capable of vaporising human bodies.

Such weapons are used for a variety of purposes and come in a range of sizes.

Plastic-eating bacteria - Ideonella sakaiensis
European researchers identified a new bacterium that feeds on polyurethane, a kind of plastic that is difficult to recycle or destroy.

Scientists develop the most heat-resistant material ever created..
A group of scientists from NUST MISIS developed a ceramic material with the highest melting point among currently known compounds. Due to the unique combination of physical, mechanical and thermal properties, the material is promising for use in the most heat-loaded components of aircraft, such as nose fairings, jet engines and sharp front edges of wings operating at temperatures above 2000 degrees C.

Using the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis,the NUSTMISIS scientists obtained HfC0.5N0.35, (hafnium carbonitride) close to the theoretical composition, with a high hardness of 21.3 GPa, which is even higher than in new promising materials, such as ZrB2/SiC (20.9 GPa) and HfB2/SiC/TaSi2 (18.1 GPa).

COVID-19: how physics is helping the fight against the pandemic.
Physics-based techniques play a huge role in the field of structural biology.

The analysis of SARS-CoV-2 is a prime example of this type of modern pipeline in action. On 5 February this year, a little over a month after the Chinese authorities disclosed the existence of the new coronavirus, a research team led by Zihe Rao and Haitao Yang at ShanghaiTech University in China uploaded the structure of the virus’s main protease to the Protein Data Bank (DOI: 10.2210/pdb6lu7/pdb), having obtained the dataset using X-ray crystallography at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. “A decade ago, that would have taken a year,” says Wlodawer. “At least.” The structure is already helping pharmaceutical companies to explore potential drugs, such as those used to tackle HIV.

Google’s quantum supremacy algorithm has found its first practical use.

Google is putting its supreme algorithm to work. In October, the company announced that they had reached quantum supremacy – the point at which a quantum computer can complete a task that no classical computer could practically achieve – with an algorithm that could verify that a given set of numbers was randomly distributed. Now, that algorithm is finding its first practical use as a random number generator.

Chandrayaan-3: ISRO Said to Plan Attempt at Moon Soft Landing in November 2020

ISRO had constituted a high-level committee to prepare a report on the proposed Chandrayaan-3 moon mission.

The Four Fundamental Forces of Nature are Gravitational force, Weak Nuclear force, Electromagnetic force and Strong Nuclear force