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Case Number 65: Eczema

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, inflamed, and irritated skin. Flare-ups may be triggered by allergens, stress, environmental factors, or irritants such as soaps and detergents. Proper skin hydration, avoiding triggers, and appropriate medical treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.



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Case Number 64: Fungal Infection

Fungal infection is a common condition caused by the overgrowth of fungi on the skin, nails, or other body parts. Symptoms may include itching, redness, scaling, rashes, and discomfort. Warm and humid environments, excessive sweating, poor hygiene, and a weakened immune system can increase the risk of fungal infections. Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal treatment help prevent recurrence and complications.



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Case Number 63: Acne Vulgaris

Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. It commonly presents as pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, and inflamed lesions on the face, chest, and back. Hormonal changes, genetics, stress, and certain skincare products can contribute to acne. Early treatment can help prevent scarring and improve skin health.



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Case Number 62: Frozen Shoulder

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by pain, stiffness, and restricted movement of the shoulder joint. It develops gradually and can significantly affect daily activities such as reaching, lifting, or dressing. Early diagnosis, physiotherapy, and appropriate treatment can help improve mobility and reduce discomfort.



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Case Number 61: Muscle Spasm
Muscle spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles that can cause pain, stiffness, and temporary difficulty in movement. It commonly occurs due to muscle overuse, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, poor posture, stress, or injury. Muscle spasms may affect the neck, back, legs, or other parts of the body. Treatment includes rest, stretching exercises, adequate hydration, heat therapy, massage, and muscle relaxant medications when necessary.


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Case Number 60: Gout
Gout is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. It commonly affects the big toe but can also involve the ankles, knees, wrists, and fingers. Symptoms include sudden severe joint pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and tenderness. Risk factors include high uric acid levels, obesity, certain foods, alcohol consumption, and kidney disease. Treatment focuses on relieving pain, reducing inflammation, lowering uric acid levels, and preventing future attacks through medications and lifestyle modifications.


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Case Number 59: Back Pain
Back pain is a common condition that can affect the upper, middle, or lower back. It may result from muscle strain, poor posture, prolonged sitting, heavy lifting, injury, or spinal disorders. Symptoms include aching pain, stiffness, reduced mobility, and discomfort that may worsen with movement. Treatment depends on the cause and may include rest, physiotherapy, stretching exercises, posture correction, pain-relieving medications, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.


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Case Number 58: Cervical Spondylosis
Cervical spondylosis is an age-related degenerative condition affecting the cervical spine (neck bones and discs). It occurs due to wear and tear of the vertebrae, discs, and joints in the neck. Common symptoms include neck pain, stiffness, headache, shoulder pain, tingling or numbness in the arms, and reduced neck movement. Treatment may include physiotherapy, posture correction, exercises, pain-relieving medications, and lifestyle modifications to improve mobility and reduce discomfort.


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