MY CUET GUIDE

*वो खड़े रहे कि धरती की नींव न हिल जाए*

ब्रिटिश सरकार ने भारतीय सेना में भर्ती के लिए समय समय पर अभियान चलाए थे। यह पोस्टर प्रथम विश्व युद्ध के लिए सैनिकों की भर्ती के दौरान जारी किया गया था। तुमने दसवीं क्लास में पढ़ा होगा कि प्रथम विश्व युद्ध में पंजाब और नेपाल से बड़ी मात्रा में सिपाही भर्ती हुए थे। विऔद्योगिकीकरण या डीइंडस्ट्रीयलाइज़ेशन के कारण भारत में खेती ही सबसे बड़ा रोजगार क्षेत्र था। प्रथम विश्व युद्ध के दौर में सैन्य भर्ती ने नया विकल्प उपलब्ध कराया। ये सिपाही पश्चिमी एशिया, उत्तरी अफ्रीका और यूरोप के भीषण युद्ध मोर्चों पर अग्रिम पंक्ति में रखे गए और इन्होंने ब्रिटिश साम्राज्य के की रक्षा के लिए अपने सीनों पर गोलियां खायीं। अंग्रेज़ कवि एडवर्ड हॉउज़मेन ने लिखा है

इन लोगों ने जब स्वर्ग नीचे गिर रहा था
और धरती की नींव हिलने लगी थी,
किराए पर लड़ने का अनुरोध सुना
अपनी तनख़्वाह ली और सिर पर कफ़न बाँध लिया.
उनके कंधों ने संभाला गिरते हुए आसमान को,
वो खड़े रहे कि धरती की नींव न हिल जाए
जिसे ईश्वर ने भी छोड़ दिया
उसकी उन्होंने रक्षा की
अपनी जान की आख़िरी क़ीमत चुका कर

और बदले में राजा ने क्या किया ?!
उस समय के प्रोपेगैंडा में फैलाया गया कि घायल सैनिकों के लिए राजा ने अपना राजमहल खाली कर दिया। यह तो बहुत बाद में खुला की राजा ने अपना यह महल ब्राइटन कंपनी को पहले ही बेच दिया था और असल में किसी और जगह के अभाव में इसी महल को घायलों के लिए अस्थायी अस्पताल में तब्दील कर दिया गया था।

ब्रिटेन ने इन भारतीय सैनिकों को युद्ध में अग्रिम पंक्ति में रखा और उन्हें गरजते तोप के गोलों का सामना करना पड़ा। इस नारकीय माहौल में भी इन सैनिकों ने अपनी वीरता से लोगों के दिल जीत लिए।

दिल्ली में जवाहर लाल नेहरू मेमोरियल का नाम तीन मूर्ति भवन है। यह नाम दरअसल उन तीन प्रतिमाओं के कारण है जो उस भवन के गेट के सामने चौराहे पर बनीं हैं। ये तीन मूर्तियां विश्व युद्ध में शहीद हुए सैनिकों की हैं । ये वे सैनिक हैं जिन्हें ब्रिटिश और भारतीय दोनों इतिहास में कहीं जगह नहीं मिली है।

HISTORY for Class XII by Anupam Sir. New Batch Starting From 1st MAY 2023.

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Forest Poetry



Write a poem like Pushkin on world forest day

On World Forest Day,
we stop and ponder
The majesty of trees,
both young and older

The ancient oaks
that stretch towards the sky
The willows weeping
as they gently sigh

The forest is a place of pure delight A realm of magic, where fairies take flight
Where creatures roam and creatures hide
And sunlight filters through leaves to provide

A world of green, a world of life
A sanctuary from the world of strife The forest is a place of healing balm A place to rest, to find your calm

So let us honor the forest today And vow to protect it, come what may For in its shelter, we all can thrive And in its beauty, we can feel alive.

New chat



Paraphrase the text Pi has been known for almost 4000 years—but even if we calculated the number of seconds in those 4000 years and calculated pi to that number of places, we would still only be approximating its actual value. Here’s a brief history of finding pi: The ancient Babylonians calculated the area of a circle by taking 3 times the square of its radius, which gave a value of pi = 3. One Babylonian tablet (ca. 1900–1680 BC) indicates a value of 3.125 for pi, which is a closer approximation. In the Egyptian Rhind Papyrus (ca.1650 BC), there is evidence that the Egyptians calculated the area of a circle by a formula that gave the approximate value of 3.1605 for pi. The ancient cultures mentioned above found their approximations by measurement. The first calculation of pi was done by Archimedes of Syracuse (287–212 BC), one of the greatest mathematicians of the ancient world. Archimedes approximated the area of a circle by using the Pythagorean Theorem to find the areas of two regular polygons: the polygon inscribed within the circle and the polygon within which the circle was circumscribed. Since the actual area of the circle lies between the areas of the inscribed and circumscribed polygons, the areas of the polygons gave upper and lower bounds for the area of the circle. Archimedes knew that he had not found the value of pi but only an approximation within those limits. In this way, Archimedes showed that pi is between 3 1/7 and 3 10/71. A similar approach was used by Zu Chongzhi (429–501), a brilliant Chinese mathematician and astronomer. Zu Chongzhi would not have been familiar with Archimedes’ method—but because his book has been lost, little is known of his work. He calculated the value of the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter to be 355/113. To compute this accuracy for pi, he must have started with an inscribed regular 24,576-gon and performed lengthy calculations involving hundreds of square roots carried out to 9 decimal places. Mathematicians began using the Greek letter π in the 1700s. Introduced by William Jones in 1706, use of the symbol was popularized by Euler, who adopted it in 1737.

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Remembering the revolutionary hero, Sardar Udham Singh. Today on 13th March 1940 He avenged the innocent lives lost by assassinating Michael O'Dwyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, in London in 1940.
His unwavering spirit and determination are an example for us all.
Let's take a moment today to honor his memory and remember the sacrifices he made for our nation. Jai Hind!

Caption: Remembering the revolutionary hero, Sardar Udham Singh. Today on 13th March 1940 He avenged the innocent lives lost by assassinating Michael O'Dwyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, in London in 1940.
His unwavering spirit and determination are an example for us all.
Let's take a moment today to honor his memory and remember the sacrifices he made for our nation. Jai Hind!

Today, I am sharing with you the inspiring story of Pandita Ramabai, a true pioneer and champion of women's education and empowerment in India.

Born in 1858, Ramabai was a scholar, writer, and social reformer who dedicated her life to advancing the rights and education of women in India. She faced immense challenges throughout her life, including the loss of her parents and husband at a young age, but she persevered and became an incredible force for change.
One of Ramabai's most significant contributions was the establishment of Sharda Sadan, a women's hostel and educational institution in Pune. Sharda Sadan was founded in 1896 and provided shelter, education, and vocational training to women who were often denied these opportunities. Ramabai herself served as the principal of the institution, and she personally taught Sanskrit and other subjects to the students.
Sharda Sadan quickly became a model for other women's institutions in India, and it inspired Ramabai to continue her work in creating opportunities for women.

In addition to Sharda Sadan, Ramabai founded several other institutions that provided education and support to women and girls, including the Mukti Mission, which helped women who had been widowed or otherwise marginalized in society.

Through her work, Ramabai challenged traditional gender roles and beliefs about women's capabilities.

She also fought against child marriage and advocated for the rights of widows, who were often subjected to extreme poverty and discrimination.

Ramabai's legacy lives on today, and her contributions to women's education and empowerment continue to inspire generations of women in India and around the world. We can honor her memory by supporting organizations that promote women's rights and education, and by continuing to work towards a more just and equitable society.