The Geography Lab

🌍 Africa’s Forests Turn from Carbon Sink to Carbon Source: Study

Scientists have warned that Africa’s tropical forests—once powerful carbon sinks—are now releasing more CO₂ than they absorb.
The shift is linked to deforestation, warming temperatures, frequent fires, and land-use change.

Researchers say this could accelerate global warming, as these forests play a key role in stabilizing the planet’s climate.

🔎 Why it matters:
Loss of a carbon sink means the world has less natural defense against greenhouse gas buildup.

📌 Sustainable land management and urgent climate action are now critical.
🌍 Africa’s Forests Turn from Carbon Sink to Carbon Source: Study

Scientists have warned that Africa’s tropical forests—once powerful carbon sinks—are now releasing more CO₂ than they absorb.
The shift is linked to deforestation, warming temperatures, frequent fires, and land-use change.

Researchers say this could accelerate global warming, as these forests play a key role in stabilizing the planet’s climate.

🔎 Why it matters:
Loss of a carbon sink means the world has less natural defense against greenhouse gas buildup.

📌 Sustainable land management and urgent climate action are now critical.
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/nov/28/africa-forests-transformed-carbon-sink-carbon-source-study?utm_source=chatgpt.com

WB SLST GEOGRAPHY IX-X Question Paper 2025

✦ Jet Stream: A jet stream is a fast, narrow air current flowing from west to east, circling the Earth in both hemispheres at altitudes between 8 and 15 km, typically centered around the tropopause within latitudes of 10 to 60 degrees. According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the jet stream is a powerful, narrow funnel-shaped air current. WMO defines it as: “The jet stream is a strong narrow current concentrated along a quasi-horizontal axis in the upper troposphere or in the stratosphere characterized by strong vertical and lateral wind shears and featuring one or more velocity maxima.” The jet stream flows counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

✦ Identification of the Jet Stream: The jet stream was first identified by Japanese meteorologist Wasaburo Ooishi at the "Upper-air Observatory at Tateno" in Japan in the early 1920s. He observed it in the upper atmosphere near Mount Fuji and presented detailed information in his 1926 report "Raporto de la Aerologia Observatorio de Tateno" to the Aerological Observatory of Japan. However, due to language barriers, this information remained within Japan. A few years later, in July 1933, American aviator Wiley Hardeman Post rediscovered the jet stream while observing Earth’s atmosphere from the stratosphere using his Solo balloon, bringing this phenomenon to the attention of the global community. The jet stream’s existence became more widely understood during World War II.

✦ Naming: Although the jet stream was discovered separately in Japan and the United States, it was not formally named. In 1939, German meteorologist Heinrich Seilkopf referred to this airflow as "Strahlstromung" (literally "Jet Flow") in his "Handbook of Aeronautical Meteorology." He described it in detail on pages 142 to 150. Later, in 1947, Swedish meteorologist Carl-Gustaf Rossby referred to it as the "Jet Stream" in an article titled "On the distribution of angular velocity in gaseous envelopes under the influence of large-scale horizontal mixing processes" published in the "Staff Members" research journal by the meteorology department at the University of Chicago.

✦ Characteristics of the Jet Stream: The jet stream is a powerful air current encircling Earth in the upper atmosphere with the following key characteristics:
- i. It flows at an altitude of around 8 to 15 km, resembling a winding, spiral river.
- ii. The jet stream has high-speed air currents, ranging from 322 to 483 km/h, with maximum speeds at 9-12 km altitude.
- iii. It combines strong vertical and horizontal wind currents, with vertical winds averaging 5-10 meters per km and horizontal winds at 5 meters per 100 km.
- iv. The jet stream typically resides between 30 and 40 degrees latitude, although it can be found between 10 and 60 degrees latitude. It is colder toward the poles and warmer toward the equator.
- v. The jet stream follows a specific life cycle with four stages.
- vi. Although it flows west to east, it bends north and south, with maximum bends to the north. Its position shifts with seasonal changes.
- vii. The jet stream spans thousands of kilometers in length, 100-150 km in width, and is several kilometers deep.

Do you want to know whats #Next for the Landsat program? #Landsat Next will provide a triplet constellation, upgraded spatial and temporal resolution, as well as added spectral bands. Full video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O67fZNW_RBM&ab_channel=NASAGoddard #NASA #USGS #Earth #remotesensing #update #2030

Insights of IPCC AR6

Climate change is absolutely real: In-sight of IPCC Report 2021 The news is now open to the public to anyone who have refused to believe in climate change. What has to be done? Governments must first of all ensure

https://www.r-bloggers.com/2021/04/march-2021-top-40-new-cran-packages/?fbclid=IwAR1J91LfnLeMEi-eHVXhTLUMqab3TRrDG0Szuge-YuI_yXVt3SQNDAf7zFE

March 2021: By my count, two hundred twenty-one new packages stuck to CRAN in March 2021.1 Here are my “Top 40” selections in twelve categories: Computational Methods, Data, Engineering, Genomics, Machine Learning, Medicine, Music, Networks, Science, Statistics, Utility, and Visualization. Two of these cate...

Current Affairs Geography 23rd April 2021

02: Daily Geography Current Affairs - 23rd April 2021 Recently Haryana is conducting the 'Wildlife Census' - the process of counting wildlife animals. The ongoing census focused on the counting of the monkey population in urban areas, with the help of the Haryana forest department, local people, and a special collaboration with Wildlife Institute of In...

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01: Daily Geography Current Affairs - 22nd April 2021  What is MOXIE? The full form of the MOXIE is Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment. Recently on 20th April 2021, this experim...

We are going through a very crisis time for human beings. The inner peace of the mind becomes the uttermost requirement in this regard. The following books can help to develop that

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