07/01/2025
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus first identified in 2001, affecting both upper and lower respiratory tracts. It spreads through respiratory droplets and contaminated surfaces. Symptoms range from mild (cough, nasal congestion, fever) to severe (bronchitis, pneumonia) in vulnerable populations like children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. The incubation period is 3-6 days, and symptoms typically last 7-10 days, with severe cases requiring up to two weeks for recovery.
HMPV primarily targets respiratory epithelial cells, leading to inflammation, airway obstruction, and alveolar damage. Severe cases may result in complications such as bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Management focuses on symptom relief through supportive care, as there is no specific antiviral treatment. Preventative measures, including hygiene and avoiding close contact with infected individuals, can reduce the risk of infection.
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