WQC Institute of Oil and Gas Technology

WQC Chennai is looking for a bright Faculty.
Should have completed Basic NDT 4 methods, Working and teaching experience in Welding Inspection and Piping Engineering fields.

Interested candidates, please call + 91 99434 18881.

Fluid analysis

Fluid analysis is a preventive maintenance tool that provides diagnostic testing designed to evaluate lubricant condition, component wear and contamination in mobile and industrial applications. Routine fluid analysis can detect lubricant or equipment issues before major problems develop.

Basic Need for HVAC

The objective of HVAC are to control the temperature of air inside the designated “Air Conditioned" space along with control of moisture, filtration of air and containment of air borne particles, supply of outside fresh air for control of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the air conditioned space, and finally control of the movement of air or draught. All these factors comprise of a successful HVAC system. Air conditioning has changed over the years from just cooling of a space to the effective control of all the above parameters.

HVAC has its history in 1851 when Dr. John Gorrie was granted a US patent for a refrigerating machine. Though refrigeration in that period was concerned with the preservation of frozen meat for transport and making of ice, gradually the concept of cooling for comfort arose. In 1902, the New York Stock Exchange was one of the first air conditioned buildings.

Air conditioning ranges from simple air conditioning by use of window AC and split AC where cooling, and minor filtration and dehumidifying, is done to complicated air conditioning systems used in process plants, ships, museums, and centrally air conditioned buildings.

2.0 Reference Documents for blasting and painting

2.1 Owner’s specification

PDOC-SP-MEC-013 Specification for External Painting & Protective Coatings
PDOC-SP-MEC-032 Specifications for Internal Coating, Tanks, Vessels, Piping
PDOC-SP-CIV-019 Specification for External Painting and Protective Coating For Structural Steel
PDOC-SP-PPL-004 Specification for Fusion Bond External Epoxy Coating for Steel Pipe

2.2 SSPC Steel Structure Painting Council Standard,

SSPC-SP1 Solvent Cleaning
SSPC-SP2 Hand tool Cleaning
SSPC-SP3 Power Tool Cleaning
SSPC-SP5 White Metal Blast Cleaning
SSPC-SP7 Brush Off Blast Cleaning
SSPC-SP10 Near White Blast Cleaning
SSPC-PA1 Shop, Field, and Maintenance Painting
SSPC-PA Guide 3 A Guide to Safety in Paint Application
SSPC-PA2 Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gauges

When reviewing a Welder performance qualification, items to check include:

a. Welders name and stamp number.
b. Welding process and type.
c. Identification of WPS used for welding test coupon.
d. Backing (if used).
e. P-number(s) of base metals joined.
f. Thickness of base metals and diameter if pipe.
g. Filler metal SFA number.
h. Filler metal F-number.
i. Consumable insert (if used).
j. Deposited thickness (for each process used).
k. Welding position of the coupon.
l. Vertical weld progression.
m. Backing gas used.
n. Metal transfer mode (if GMAW).
o. Weld current type/polarity (if GTAW).
p. If machine welded—refer to QW-484 for additional values required.
q. Guided bend test type and results, if used.
r. Visual examination results.
s. Additional requirements of the construction code.
t. Testing organization identification, signature, and date.
u. X-ray results if used.

Why is my aluminum weld much weaker than the parent material?

In steels, a weld can be made as strong as the parent material, but this is not the case with aluminum. In almost all instances, the weld will be weaker than the parent material. To further understand why this occurs, let's look at the two classifications of aluminum alloys: heat-treatable and non-heat-treatable. The latter category is hardened only by cold working which causes physical changes in the metal. The more the alloy is cold-worked the stronger it gets. But, when you weld an alloy that has been cold-worked, you locally anneal the material around the weld so that it goes back to its 0 tempered (or annealed) condition and it becomes "soft". Therefore, the only time in the non-heat treatable alloys that you can make a weld as strong as the parent material is when you start with 0 tempered material.

With heat-treatable aluminum alloys, the last heat treatment step heats the metal to approximately 400° F. But when welding, the material around the weld becomes much hotter than 400° F so the material tends to lose some of its mechanical properties. Therefore, if the operator doesn't perform post-weld heat treatments after welding, the area around the weld will become significantly weaker than the rest of the aluminum -- by as much as 30 to 40 percent. If the operator does perform post-weld heat treatments, the proprieties of a heat-treatable aluminum alloy can be improved.

1.2.1. CODES AND STANDARDS - Hot Thermal Insulation Specification

Mineral fiber preformed pipe insulation ASTM C 547
Mineral fiber blanket thermal insulation ASTM C 553
Mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket type pipe insulation (Metal mesh covered) ASTM C 592
Mineral fiber block and board thermal insulation ASTM C 612
Wicking type thermal insulation used over Astenic Stainless Steel ASTM C 795
Code of Practice for Thermal Insulation of Pipe Work and Equipment BS 5970 (In the temperature range –100 °C to +870 °C)
Method of Specifying Thermal Insulating Materials on Pipes, Ductwork and Equipment BS 5422 (In the temperature range -40 °C to +700 °C)

Scope of ASME B31.3

ASME B31.3 specifies the design, materials, fabrication, er****on, inspection, and testing requirements for process plant piping systems. Process plants include petroleum refineries; chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, paper, semiconductor, and cryogenic plants; and related process plants and terminals.

ASME B31.3 applies to piping and piping components that are used for all fluid services, not just hydrocarbon services. These include the following:
Raw, intermediate, and finished chemicals.
Petroleum products.
Gas, steam, air, and water.
Fluidized solids.
Refrigerants.
Cryogenic fluids.
The scope also includes piping that interconnects pieces or stages within a packaged-equipment assembly.

How Flux Cored Arc Welding Works

Flux cored arc welding just like MIG welding requires three main ingredients, electricity, filler metal, and a form of shielding from the air. Just like MIG welding, flux core welding works by feeding an electrode continuously to the joint. First the welder squeezes the trigger, and then the wire feeder begins to feed the electrode to the joint, at the same time the electrode gets electrically charged. Once the electrode hits the metal joint, the electricity short circuits, and heats up the electrode till the electrode begins to melt. Once the electrode begins to melt, the metal also starts to melt, and then both of them start to create a puddle. This puddle at the same time melts the flux core, creating a shield from air, and at the same time produces a slag that protects the weld from contamination.