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RRB NTPC | GUIDANCE & AWARENESS IN TAMIL | Dr.NAWIN SUSHIL | SRN EDUCATION RRB NTPC Exam Guidance and awareness video focuses on giving a clear picture of the chapters to be concentrated based on the OFFICIAL NOTIFICATION. This woul...

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07/09/2017

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RRB – JE/SSE PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS WITH EXPLANATION.

KELVIN PLANCK AND CLAUSIUS STATEMENTS OF SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
Kelvin – Planck statement
 It is impossible to devise a cyclically operating device, which produces no other effect than the extraction of heat from a single thermal reservoir and delivers an equivalent amount of work.
 Heat engine with single thermal reservoir is not possible.
 For a 1-T engine the thermal efficiency =W/Q=1. No heat engine can have efficiency equal to unity.

Clausius Statement: - It is impossible to construct a device that operates in a cycle and produces no effect other than the transfer of heat from a lower-temperature body to higher-temperature body.

Equivalence of the two statements

 To prove that violation of the Kelvin-Planck Statement leads to a violation of the Clausius Statement, let us assume that Kelvin-Planck statement is incorrect.
 Consider a cyclically working device 1, which absorbs energy Q1 as heat from a thermal reservoir at TH. Equivalent amount of work W(W=Q1) is performed.
 Consider another device 2 operating as a cycle, which absorbs energy QL as heat from a low temperature thermal reservoir at TL and rejects energy QH (QH=QL+W). Such a device does not violate Clausius statement.
 If the two devices are now combined, the combined device (enclosed by the dotted boundary) transfers heat QL from the low temperature reservoir at TL to a high temperature reservoir at TH with out receiving any aid from an external agent, which is the violation of the Clausius statement.
Likewise let us assume that the Clausius statement is incorrect. So we have a device 1, cyclically working transferring heat Q from a low temperature reservoir at TL to a high temperature thermal reservoir at TH . Consider another device 2, which absorbs heat Q1 from a high temperature reservoir at TH does work W and rejects energy Q as heat tot the low temperature reservoir at TL as shown in figure.If the two devices are combined (shown in figure by a dotted enclosure), then the combined device receives energy (Q1-Q) as heat from a thermal reservoir and delivers equivalent work (W=Q1-Q) in violation of the Kelvin-Planck statement.Therefore violation of Clausius statement leads to the violation of the Kelvin-Planck statement. Hence, these two statements are equivalent.

1. Kelvin Planck’s law deals with
a) Conservation of work
b) Conservation of heat
c) Conservation of heat into work
d) Conservation of work into heat
2.
3. Which of the following law of thermodynamics is responsible for heat transfer
a) Zeroth law of thermodynamics
b) First law of thermodynamics
c) Second law of thermodynamics
d) Third law of thermodynamics
4. In which of the following processes, the heat is fully converted into work?
a) Reversible adiabatic process
b) Reversible isobaric process
c) Reversible isometric process
d) Reversible isothermal process