23/04/2026
🚨 DKA vs HHS – Don’t Miss These Life-Threatening Diabetic Emergencies
As healthcare professionals, recognizing the difference between these two conditions can save lives.
đź”´ Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Common in Type 1 Diabetes
Rapid onset (hours)
Blood glucose: 250–600 mg/dL
Ketones present → Metabolic acidosis
Signs: Kussmaul breathing, fruity breath, abdominal pain
🔵 Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)
Common in Type 2 Diabetes
Gradual onset (days–weeks)
Blood glucose: >600 mg/dL
No significant ketones
Severe dehydration, confusion, coma
⚡ Key Clinical Takeaways ✔️ Start with IV fluids first
✔️ Always check potassium before insulin
✔️ Identify and treat the underlying cause (infection, missed insulin, etc.)
đź’ˇ Quick Memory Trick
DKA = Ketones + Acidosis
HHS = High Sugar + Severe Dehydration
📊 Sharing this quick revision infographic for fellow nurses and healthcare workers.