Medical laboratory knowledge

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Gram Negative and positive 's

*THE ABO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM

There are 4 main blood groups defined by the ABO system:

*blood group A *

– has A antigens on the red blood cells with anti-B antibodies in the plasma

*blood group B*

– has B antigens with anti-A antibodies in the plasma

*blood group O*

– has no antigens, but both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma

*blood group AB*

– has both A and B antigens, but no antibodies

Blood group O is the most common blood group. Almost half of the UK population (48%) has blood group O.

Receiving blood from the wrong ABO group can be life-threatening. For example, if someone with group B blood is given group A blood, their anti-A antibodies will attack the group A cells.

This is why group A blood must never be given to someone who has group B blood and vice versa.

As group O red blood cells do not have any A or B antigens, it can safely be given to any other group.

Clotting factor

Escherichia coli on EMB agar💚💚

Colourised scanning electron micrograph of a cell (green) infected with a variant strain of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles (pink), isolated from a patient sample.
Image captured at the NIAID, Integrated Research Facility (IRF) in Fort Detrick , Maryland.
Credit : NIAID
2021-11-17

Purify blood ,bacteria kills

Tube n color