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POLIOMYELITIS, is a viral disease that primarily affects the nervous system. Here are some details about polio:
Symptoms:
- Most people infected with the poliovirus don't show any symptoms and recover without any lasting effects. This is known as asymptomatic polio.
- For those who do develop symptoms, they can range from mild to severe. Common symptoms include fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck, and pain in the limbs.
- In severe cases, polio can cause muscle weakness or paralysis, particularly in the legs. This is known as paralytic polio.
Mode of transmission:
- Polio is mainly spread through the fecal-oral route, meaning it is transmitted through contact with infected f***s.
- It can also be spread through contaminated food, water, or surfaces.
- The virus can enter the body through the mouth and then travel to the digestive system, where it can multiply and potentially spread to the nervous system.
Prophylaxis and control:
- The best way to prevent polio is through vaccination. The oral polio vaccine (OPV) and the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) are both effective in preventing the disease.
- Vaccination campaigns have been instrumental in reducing the global burden of polio. It is recommended to follow the immunization schedule provided by healthcare professionals.
- Maintaining good hygiene practices, such as regular handwashing and proper sanitation, can also help prevent the spread of the virus.
Control efforts:
- The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) is a partnership between various organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), to eradicate polio worldwide.
- Control efforts involve surveillance to detect and respond to polio outbreaks, mass vaccination campaigns, and routine immunization programs.
- Through these efforts, the number of polio cases has significantly decreased globally, but continued vigilance is required to achieve complete eradication.

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