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Throwback February 4, 1965
Dr.Joseph Boakye Danquah dies in prison

J. B Danquah is revered as the doyen of Gold Coast Politics. He was a founding member of the first political party in the Gold Coast namely United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) and also credited with the naming of our homeland Ghana after the ancient Ghana empire.
He was imprisoned under the preventive detention act and died at the Nsawam Prisons in the wee hours of February 4 1965 as his pleadings for mercy fell on hard rocks.

Find below the last letter he wrote to Dr. Kwame Nkrumah pleading for mercy to be released.

“Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, P.C., LL.D., etc.,

President of the Republic of Ghana,

Flagstaff House, Accra.

*Dear Dr. Nkrumah*,

I am tired of being in prison on preventive detention with no opportunity to make an original or any contribution to the progress and development of the country, and I therefore respectfully write to beg, and appeal to you to make an order for my release and return home.

I am anxious to resume my contribution to the progress and development of Ghana in the field of Ghanaian literature (Twi and English), and in Ghana Research (History and Culture), and I am anxious also to establish my wife and children in a home, to develop the education of my children (ten of them) and to restore my parental home at Kibi (Yiadom House) to a respectable dignity, worthy of my late father’s own contribution to the progress of our country.

You will recall that when in 1948 we were arrested by the British Government and sent to the North for detention they treated us as gentlemen, not as galley slaves, and provided each of us with a furnished bungalow (two or three rooms) with a garden, together with opportunity for reading and writing. In fact, I took with me my typewriter and papers for the purpose, and Ako Adjei also did the same, and there was ample opportunity for correspondence.

Here at Nsawam, for the four months of my detention up to date (8th January to 9th May

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OSIBREKETE OSI BANTAMA KUROTIA HINI ME

According to a research done by Mr. Yaw Afreh, there are two versions of this narrative. The first version is that some argue that the full phrase is "Hini me oo! Osibrekete a osi Bantama kurotia, hini me oo!"
That is during one of the war expeditions to the Ahafo and Takyiman area, the Asante warriors returned and informed Katakyie that they found one tall, muscular man at a village near "Nkɔkora mmiensa kuro mu" or Nkoranza. Katakyie ordered for the man to be brought to Kumasi. When he appeared at the Palace, he gave his name as "Osibrekete".

This tall man was said to have been handed over to Baafoɔ Bantamahene to guard the 'gates' linking the "Banmu"(royal mausoleum) to Bantama. Osibrekete was said to be strong and deadly. The name Osibrekete was known by only the true Asantes. As a result, if you are a stranger and you get to the gate and you are unable to mention Osibrekete's name, then you are killed. With the passage of time, whenever people get to the gates, they would say, "Osibrekete a osi Bantama kurotia eei, mesrɛ wo, hini me".

The second version is that Osibrekete is the traditional 'by-name' of the famous brass pan "ayakɛseɛ" that was once placed at the entrance of the Royal Mausoleum (Banmu) at Bantama. According to authoritative sources at the highest level, this brass pan was captured from Denkyira and was placed at the Bantama Banmu as a memento to the independence of Asanteman. In fact it is said that the brass pan was the one seized from the nseneɛfoɔ (messengers) who were sent by Dankyirahene Ntim Gyakari to demand for 'tributes' from then Kwaemanhene.

However, due to toxic commentaries by some English writers such as Baden-Powell, saying that the pan was used to store blood of sacrificed slaves and victims, the British took the opportunity whiles ransacking Kumase in 1874 and took away the pan, and never returned it in spite of persistent efforts.

As to which of the versions is the actual fact sti

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ECOLOGY
Ecology is derived from the Greek words “oikos” meaning house and “logos” meaning the study of. It is the scientific study of the interrelationship of plants and
animals and the environment. This word in recent years has been misused as a synonym for environment.
Ecology includes wildlife management, agriculture, forestry, pollution control and conservation.
Ecological Classification of Organisms
Autotrophs (“self-nourishers or producers”). These are mainly green plants which manufacture their own food from carbon dioxide, water, mineral and sunlight.
Heterotrophs are organisms which lack metabolic machinery to synthesize their own food and must obtain it from other sources.
Classification of Heterotrophs
Herbivores – plant eater
Carnivores – predators / animals eater
Omnivores – eat both plants and animals
Scavengers – eat large dead organisms
Decomposer – smaller heterotrophs that feed on dead organisms
Parasites – eat living organisms but unlike predators, they do not devour their hosts at one
IMPORTANT TERMS IN ECOLOGY
Ecosystem refers to an area whose chemical, physical and biological traits and forms of energy present, like air, water and soil including the organisms big and small are interrelating in a natural way showing specific characteristics that distinguish the area from adjacent communities. It is a community of living things in an area at a given time, where the environment affects the growth and development of living things. An ecosystem is a life support system in equilibrium.
Community is the term applied to the assemblage of organisms Biomes refers to the most extensive communities which occupy a wide
geographic area
Conservation is the planed and wise use of water, forest and other natural resources so that they will not be wasted.
Recycling means using something more than once, either just the way it is, or treated and made into something else.
Pollution is the contamination of air, water

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The State Sword (ƆmanAkomfowa)

The study revealed that, Nkrumah recognised the cultural art forms and elements of ethnic Ghana as assets for national development. In line with his policy of building the Nation State of Ghana, he used ethnic cultural art forms and elements. At independence, Nkrumah commissioned some visual artist to create some artistic pieces (politico-cultural artefacts) for the Ghanaian political authority with inspiration or based on what pertains in the traditional authority (Chieftaincy) of Ghana. Politico-cultural artefacts as used in this study refer to the artefacts produced based on the cultural concepts of the ethnic states for the use of the political authority of the Republic of Ghana. Among these artistic pieces are the three Presidential Seats, The State Sword, The President’s Personal Standard Pole and the State Mace.

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BRIEF HISTORY ABOUT ƆSON, OBRUMANKUMA AND ƆDAPAAGYAN

Here's a brief history of ɔson, Obrumankoma, and Odapagyan, key figures in Mankessim's rich cultural heritage:

1 Ɔson

Ɔson was a legendary Fante warrior, leader, and founder of Abura, a Fante state.
Date:_ 13th century

He Led the Fante migration from Techiman to the coast.
Founded Abura, establishing it as a major trading center.
Played a crucial role in forming the Fante Confederacy.
Legacy: ɔson's descendants continue to rule Abura, and his name is revered in Fante history.

2 Obrumankoma

Obrumankoma was a powerful Fante chief, spiritual leader, and founder of Mankessim.
Date:_ 13th century
He Founded Mankessim, establishing it as a spiritual and ancestral hub.
Introduced the worship of the goddess, Nana Eguafo.
Unified the Fante states through strategic alliances.
Legacy: Obrumankoma's shrine remains a sacred site in Mankessim, and his name symbolizes Fante unity.

3 Odapagyan

Odapagyan was a renowned Fante warrior, leader, and chief of Mankessim.
Date:_ 16th century
He led Mankessim's resistance against Portuguese colonization.
Successfully defended Fante interests against European encroachment.
Strengthened Mankessim's position within the Fante Confederacy.
Legacy:_ Odapagyan's bravery and strategic leadership cemented Mankessim's importance in Fante history. Oson and Obrumankoma were brothers, with Ɔson founding Abura and Obrumankoma founding Mankessim.
Odapagyan was a descendant of Obrumankoma and continued his legacy.

These three leaders played pivotal roles in shaping Mankessim's:

1. Spiritual heritage (Obrumankoma's shrine)
2. Resistance against colonization (Odapagyan's bravery)
3. Cultural identity (ɔson's founding of Abura)
Currently, Mankessim remains a vibrant cultural hub, honoring the legacies of ɔson, Obrumankoma, and Odapagyan.

Source: Ghanaweb and Wikipedia entries

Thank you for your time ❤️

Interesting facts of chicken egg fertility that you may not know.

🪶 It is possible to have a rooster and a hen that are active but a hen can still lay eggs that are not fertile:

I know you may be wondering how, and here is the explanation.
Unlike other birds where you find partners, in chickens there is no courtship or romance. A rooster just forces himself on the hen. So what happens is when a rooster mates a hen, his injected semen is stored in numerous s***m storage tubules (SSTs) located in the area where the hen’s uterus joins the va**na. But this only happens provided the hen likes the rooster. If she doesn’t, she can sq**rt out the semen to avoid hatching his offspring. Therefore a hen may still proceed to lay eggs that are not fertile despite even mating with a rooster every day.

🪶 Even if the hen approves the rooster, some eggs may still not be fertile:

Since the s***m is released shortly after an egg is laid, and each egg takes approximately 25 hours to develop, an egg produced on the day of mating will not be fertile.

An egg laid the next day may or may not be fertile, depending on the timing. An egg laid on the third day definitely should be fertile.

So as you can see your hen can still have the first two or three eggs that are not fertile despite the hen and a rooster having mated.

🪶 You don't need a rooster everyday for the hen to continue laying fertile eggs:

The amount of time during which the hen will continue to lay fertile eggs depends on how much s***m fills the SSTs, which are capable of storing semen from multiple matings and multiple roosters.

Highly productive hens generally remain fertile longer than hens that lay at a slower rate. The average duration of fertility from a single mating is 10 to 14 days.
So it is possible that once your hen has mated with a rooster you can even take the rooster away and you can still have fertile eggs for the next 14 days.

🪶 For first time layers if a rooster has mated with a hen, all her eggs a