Best-Brain Psycho Education Network

I have reached 200 followers! Thank you for your continued support. I could not have done it without each of you. 🙏🤗🎉

Have you been wondering why old people mostly get lost from home and they find it difficult to get back home? Have you encountered a situation where an adult can’t even remember his/her own name?

*WELL, IT IS CALLED DISSOCIATIVE FUGUE*

What is dissociative fugue?

A dissociative fugue is a temporary state where a person has memory loss (amnesia) and ends up in an unexpected place. People with this symptom can't remember who they are or details about their past. Other names for this include a "fugue” or a “fugue state.”

**What do fugue states look like and how long do they last?**

The term “fugue” comes from the Latin word for fleeing or running away, which is why this symptom involves traveling or wandering. People who experience a fugue state usually can’t recognize gaps in their memory until they have evidence that they can’t remember something. People with this symptom can unintentionally travel to specific locations or wander. Often, they'll come out of the fugue state and feel confused because they don't remember how they got to where they are.

Fugue states can be as short as a few hours, or they can last for days or even months.

What are the most common causes of dissociative fugue?

Dissociative fugues are most likely to happen because of two conditions, dissociative amnesia and dissociative identity disorder.

**DISSOCIATIVE AMNESIA**

Dissociative amnesia is a type of memory loss where a person can’t access certain memories. This usually happens because of one or more severely traumatic events. Memory loss happens as a defense mechanism to protect a person from recalling disturbing or painful events. It can also happen because of ongoing strain, especially when a person faces sudden life changes, including ending relationships, financial or work troubles, or the loss of a loved one.

**DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER ***

Dissociative identity disorder (DID) was once known as "multiple personality disorder," but experts don't use this name anymore. The main symptom of this is having two or more personalities, causing a person to feel like they're possessed or no longer in control of their thoughts or actions. In some cases, the personalities have different voices, behaviors and memories.

****TREATMENT****

Dissociative fugue treatments depend on what causes it.

Dissociative amnesia: When dissociative amnesia is the cause, treating this condition usually involves therapy to help you recover the missing memories. Memory recovery therapy can include techniques like hypnosis. Once your memories return (either partly or fully), you'll likely need therapy to help your process the original trauma.

Dissociative identity disorder: When this condition is behind a dissociative fugue, the treatment usually involves therapy to help the personalities merge and rejoin the person who has them. It can also involve treatment and medication for other symptoms like depression or anxiety.

****NOTE****
Dissociative fugue is a problem you shouldn't try to self-diagnose or treat at home or on your own. That’s because this symptom is rare and happens with conditions that are hard to verify and diagnose, even for a trained, experienced mental health provider. A healthcare provider should evaluate any lapse or gap in your memory. That’s because memory loss is a common symptom of medical and brain conditions, some of which are dangerous or even life-threatening.

People who have a fugue often feel extremely upset or disturbed as their memories return, especially when they return suddenly. That can lead to overwhelming feelings of anxiety or depression. People with this symptom also need professional mental health care to help them with the effects of the trauma behind the condition that caused the fugue state(s) to happen.

More than 70% of people with dissociative identity disorder attempt su***de. Dissociative amnesia also has a high risk of self-harm or attempted su***de. Because the risk of su***de is so high, people with this need care from providers with the necessary education, training and qualifications.

the psych

Let's take a look at this Question.

NB: your answers are warmly welcome

WHAT IS REGRESSION? WHAT CAUSES IT?

“I like to pair regression with the idea of progression,”. “Most children have a very strong urge to move forward in their development (progression). There is a natural energy in children to explore, manipulate and master their world.”

However, along with the excitement of being able to do new things comes stress. For example, a baby learning to walk may be delighted by the new skill she has mastered, but may also realize that mom and dad are now further away or that she could fall down.

“So, when those stumbling blocks come along the progressive path of development, it can feel really overwhelming and cause some kind of regression in children".

WHAT DO REGRESSIVE BEHAVIORS LOOK LIKE?

Regression can vary, but in general, it is acting in a younger or needier way. You may see more temper tantrums, difficulty with sleeping or eating or reverting to more immature ways of talking. If a child has achieved something like getting dressed by herself, you may see a loss of some of those skills. “All of a sudden, your child cannot do what they could do before".

WHEN DOES REGRESSION HAPPEN?

You will typically see regressive behaviours in toddlers and preschoolers, but it can really happen at any age – even with infants and older children. If there is regression in an infant it might not necessarily be as evident. A baby may be a bit clingier, need to feed more, be a bit whinier or cry more often than usual.

IS REGRESSION COMMON?

Rest assured, regression is common. In fact, it is to be expected and it’s very helpful to further development – think of it as your child’s way of preparing themselves for taking on more responsibility. “I see some children who may regress right before they’re about to make a big leap forward, or they regress right after they’ve made a leap forward,” says Close. “I think children vary in terms of what causes them to regress and the regressive patterns they seem to exhibit. Usually parents get to know your child’s patterns of moving forward and then needing to move backward a little bit.” Regression is also very common when children are adjusting to new situations, like becoming an older sibling or going to pre-school for the first time.

HOW CAN PARENTS HELP SUPPORT THEIR CHILDREN THROUGH
REGRESSION?

Reassure your child. Let them know that they are safe and supported. Try to show them that you notice the regressive behavior without shaming them. Close suggests trying the following: “You are learning to do so many big boy things. That is such hard work. Sometimes you feel like you need my help.”

Play can also be a helpful tool for working through difficult feelings. “Imaginative play and symbolic play are vehicles which children use to develop their language, thinking and ideas about the world. Socially and emotionally, it gives them a way to express some things they’re struggling with that they don’t necessarily have the words for,” says Close. By observing your child while they play and playing with them, you can learn a lot about what is going on with your child.

Sometimes your child may need to be regressed for a while. It’s important to be reassuring, but also to have expectations and to set limits. “Learning that they’re not the boss of the world is a big thing for toddlers! It causes a lot of tantrums,” says Close. “Do not push them away. Help them find adaptive and age-appropriate ways of expressing some of those more difficult feelings.” Sit with them, help soothe and calm them and reflect on what they are feeling. For example: “You were so mad your friend did not give you the toy and then you pushed her. Next time maybe you can ask for a turn and get your teacher to help you.”

WHEN SHOULD PARENTS BECOME CONCERNED?

Some regressions can last for a few weeks, but it varies from child to child. Usually, if you can pinpoint what might be going on and provide children with support, they will be able to work through it. If it seems to be lasting longer than you think it should, around two to three weeks, Close recommends reaching out to your child’s healthcare provider. “Children are so motivated to move forward in development, so if that motivation is not there then I would be worried. But mostly when it comes to developmentally appropriate regression, I think it is short lived.”

NB: Don't forget to like, comment and to follow us for more information. Also, click on the send button to ask all kinds of questions for more clarification. THANK YOU

-DISORDERS #

Sexuality is part of any person's personality.It is an important dimension of a person, and influences how that person views herself/himself and present themselves to others. It is quite impossible to define "normal" sexual behaviors and attitudes, as these are highly dependent on personal/family values, culture, and societal views.
-Dysfunction therefore occurs when a person experiences problems with any aspect of Sexuality.

According to the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association, Sexual dysfunction is "the state in which an individual experiences a change in sexual function that is viewed as unsatisfying, unrewarding, or inadequate".

Have you been facing or encountering any of the following # problems?
: exposing one's ge****ls to strangers for sexual gratification.
: deriving sexual pleasures from contact with nonliving objects, often an article of clothing.
: fantasizing about observing others disrobing, naked, or involved in sexual activity.
: recurrent sexual touching of a nonconsenting individual, usually a stranger and in a crowded public place.
******ia: Sexual interest directed exclusively towards children.
*****ia: sexual involvement with animals.
: sexual excitement from obscene telephone ☎️ calls.

us via any of our communication channels for help.

Body dysmorphophobia

CAUSES
It's not known specifically what causes Body disorder. Like many other Mental illnesses, Body dysmorphic disorder may result from a combination of causes, such as:

Brain differences. Abnormalities in brain structure or neurochemistry may play a role in causing Body dysmorphic disorder.
Genes. Some studies show that Body dysmorphic disorder is more common in people whose biological family members also have the condition, indicating that there may be at least one gene associated with this disorder.
Environment. Your environment, life experiences and culture may contribute to Body dysmorphic disorder, especially if they involve negative experiences about your body or self-image.
RISK FACTORS
Although the precise cause of Body dysmorphic disorder isn't known, certain factors seem to increase the risk of developing or triggering the condition, including:

Having biological relatives with Body dysmorphic disorder
Negative life experiences, such as childhood teasing
Personality traits, including low self-esteem
Societal pressure or expectations of beauty
Having another psychiatric disorder, such as anxiety or Depression
Body dysmorphic disorder usually starts in adolescence. It affects males and females.

COMPLICATIONS
Complications that Body dysmorphic disorder may cause or be associated with include:

Unnecessary medical procedures, especially cosmetic surgery

Social phobia and social isolation

Lack of close relationships

Difficulty attending work or school
Low self-esteem

Repeated hospitalizations

Depression or other Mood disorders

Suicidal thoughts or behavior

Anxiety disorders

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Eating disorders

Substance abuse

Cosmetic procedures

While it may seem that a procedure to fix your perceived flaw is a good option, skin (dermatologic) procedures, cosmetic surgery, dentistry or other approaches usually don't relieve the stress and shame of Body dysmorphic disorder. You may not perceive the results you hoped for, or you may simply begin obsessing about another aspect of your appearance and seek out more procedures.

TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS
If your doctor or mental health provider believes you may have Body dysmorphic disorder or another Mental illness, he or she typically runs a series of medical and psychological tests and exams to help pinpoint a diagnosis.

These exams and tests generally include:

Physical exam. This exam can help clarify other problems that may be associated with your symptoms.
Lab tests. Lab tests may be ordered by your doctor, depending on your overall health or other problems associated with your symptoms.

Psychological evaluation. A doctor or mental health provider talks to you about your symptoms, thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns. You may also discuss any thoughts you may have of self-harm.
Pinpointing which condition you have
It can be difficult to diagnose Body dysmorphic disorder, as it may be similar to or overlap with other psychological conditions, such as an eating disorder or Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Also, you may be so embarrassed about your appearance that you avoid medical help, don't reveal your true feelings to doctors or don't even realize that your body image is distorted. It can take some time and effort to get an accurate diagnosis so you can get appropriate treatment.

Diagnostic criteria for Body dysmorphic disorder

To be diagnosed with Body dysmorphic disorder, you must meet the symptom criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). This manual, published by the American Psychiatric Association, is used by mental health providers to diagnose Mental illnesses and by insurance companies to reimburse for treatment.

Symptom criteria required for a diagnosis of Body dysmorphic disorder include:

Being extremely preoccupied with an imagined defect or a minor flaw in your appearance
Being so preoccupied with appearance that it causes you significant distress or problems in your social life, work, school or other areas of functioning

BODY DYSMORPHOPHOBIA

Body dysmorphic disorder is a type of chronic Mental illness in which you can't stop thinking about a flaw in your appearance — a flaw that is either minor or imagined. But to you, your appearance seems so shameful that you don't want to be seen by anyone.

When you have Body dysmorphic disorder, you intensely obsess over your appearance and body image, often for many hours a day. Your perceived flaw causes you significant distress, and your obsession impacts your ability to function in your daily life. You may seek out numerous cosmetic procedures or excessively exercise to try to "fix" your perceived flaw, but you're never satisfied. Body dysmorphic disorder is also known as dysmorphophobia, the fear of having a deformity.

Treatment of Body dysmorphic disorder may include medication and cognitive behavioral therapy.

SYMPTOMS
Signs and symptoms of Body dysmorphic disorder include:

Preoccupation with your physical appearance with extreme self-consciousness
Frequent examination of yourself in the mirror, or the opposite, avoidance of mirrors altogether
Strong belief that you have an abnormality or defect in your appearance that makes you ugly
Belief that others take special notice of your appearance in a negative way
Avoidance of social situations
Feeling the need to stay housebound
The need to seek reassurance about your appearance from others
Frequent cosmetic procedures with little satisfaction
Excessive grooming, such as hair plucking or skin picking, or excessive exercise in an unsuccessful effort to improve the flaw
The need to grow a beard or wear excessive makeup or clothing to camouflage perceived flaws
Comparison of your appearance with that of others
Reluctance to appear in pictures
You may obsess over any part of your body, and the body feature you focus on may change over time. But common features people may obsess about include:

Face, such as nose, complexion, Wrinkles, Acne and other blemishes
Hair, such as appearance, thinning and baldness
Skin and vein appearance
Breast size
Muscle size and tone
Genitalia
You may be so convinced about your perceived flaws that you imagine something negative about your body that's not true, no matter how much someone tries to convince you otherwise. Concern over and thinking about the perceived flaw can dominate your life, leading to absence from work, school or social situations due to extreme self-consciousness.

# kleptomania

not like you want to but trying hard not to rather make the urge to steal stronger. Join me as we discuss

Features
People with kleptomania typically exhibit these features or characteristics:

Unlike typical shoplifters, people with kleptomania don't compulsively steal for personal gain, on a dare or out of rebellion. They steal simply because the urge is so powerful that they can't resist it.
Episodes of kleptomania generally occur spontaneously, usually without planning and without help or collaboration from another person.
Most people with kleptomania steal from public places, such as stores and supermarkets. Some may steal from friends or acquaintances, such as at a party.
Often, the stolen items have no value to the person with kleptomania, and the person can afford to buy them.
The stolen items are usually stashed away, never to be used. Items may also be donated, given away to family or friends, or even secretly returned to the place from which they were stolen.
Urges to steal may come and go or may occur with greater or lesser intensity over the course of time.
When to see a doctor
If you can't stop shoplifting or stealing, seek medical advice. Many people who may have kleptomania don't want to seek treatment because they're afraid they'll be arrested or jailed. However, a mental health provider typically doesn't report your thefts to authorities.

Some people seek medical help because they're afraid they'll get caught and have legal consequences. Or they've already been arrested, and they're legally required to seek treatment.

Getting treatment may help you gain control over your kleptomania.

a loved one has kleptomania

If you suspect a close friend or family member may have kleptomania, gently raise your concerns with your loved one. Keep in mind that kleptomania is a mental health condition, not a character flaw, and approach your loved one without blame or accusation.

It may be helpful to emphasize these points:

You're concerned because you care about your loved one's health and well-being.
You're worried about the risks of compulsive stealing, such as being arrested, losing a job or damaging a valued relationship.
You understand that, with kleptomania, the urge to steal may be too strong to resist just by "putting your mind to it."
Effective treatments are available to minimize the urge to steal and help your loved one live without addiction and shame.
If you need help preparing for this conversation, talk with your doctor. He or she may refer you to a mental health provider who can help you plan a way of raising your concerns without making your loved one feel defensive or threatened.

CAUSES
The cause of kleptomania isn't known. Several theories that suggest that changes in the brain may be at the root of kleptomania. More research is needed to better understand these possible causes, but kleptomania may be:

Linked to problems with a naturally occurring brain chemical (neurotransmitter) called serotonin. Serotonin helps regulate moods and emotions. Low levels of serotonin are common in people prone to impulsive behaviors.
Related to addictive disorders, and stealing may cause the release of dopamine (another neurotransmitter). causes pleasurable feelings, and some people seek this rewarding feeling again and again.
Linked to the brain's opioid system. Urges are regulated by the brain's opioid system. An imbalance in this system could make it harder to resist urges.

RISK FACTORS
Kleptomania is considered uncommon. However because many people with kleptomania never seek treatment, or they're simply jailed after repeated thefts, many cases of kleptomania may never be diagnosed. Kleptomania often begins during the teen years or in young adulthood, but in rare cases it begins in later adulthood.

Kleptomania risk factors may include:

Family history. Having a first-degree relative, such as a parent or sibling, with kleptomania, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, or a substance or alcohol use problem may increase your risk of kleptomania.
Being female. About two-thirds of people with known kleptomania are women.
Having another Mental illness. People with kleptomania often have another Mental illness, such as Bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, an eating disorder, substance use disorder or a personality disorder.
Head Trauma or brain injuries. People who've experienced a head Trauma may develop kleptomania.

COMPLICATIONS
Left untreated, kleptomania can result in severe emotional, family, legal, work and financial problems. For example, you know stealing is wrong but you feel powerless to resist the impulse, so you may be wracked by guilt, shame, self-loathing and humiliation. You may otherwise lead a moral, upstanding life and be confused and upset by your compulsive stealing.

Examples of complications that kleptomania may cause or be associated with include:

Compulsive gambling or shopping
Arrest for shoplifting
Imprisonment
Alcohol and substance abuse
Eating disorders
Depression
Anxiety