16/02/2026
Know your range.
Every sea passage should be planned, and every passage plan should start with an appraisal of the journey, the boat, the people onboard and the expected conditions en-route.
In a powerboat, a critical consideration is the amount of fuel you need for the trip. The safety of everyone onboard will depend on you getting this right, but with so many variables, how is this done?
Let's break down the problem. Firstly, you need to answer two basic questions:
How much fuel will we have onboard?
How much fuel will we burn throughout the trip?
Your first challenge is figuring out how much fuel you have onboard. Find out the fuel tank capacity. The easiest way is to search online or read the manual if you have one (assuming you have a "standard" factory built boat). This tells you your maximum capacity. Ideally, you should aim to arrive with a third of a tank, so use two thirds in your calculations.
The safest option on a big trip, is to fill up before you go. Don't just rely on gauges, fill "to the brim".
Now I hear you saying, I have a big tank, surely I can just read off the fuel gauge and avoid the cost of filling up. After all, half a tank might be plenty. The problem here is gauges are notoriously inaccurate. As you get more familiar with your boat and how much she burns, and what the gauges actually mean, you may gain confidence to not always fill up before a big trip, but never get complacent about this.
So now we move onto the harder question, how much fuel will we burn on our trip?
The biggest factor here will be the fuel consumption figures for your engine (or engines). This information can often be found by searching online. For outboards, www.boat-fuel-economy.com is a great site to visit. For inboards (and outboards too), manufacturers often provide this information. There are two challenges to overcome here. One - the litres of fuel burned in an hour will be shown against rpm (engine revolutions per minute). Obviously, the higher the rpm, the higher the consumption. Two - you may not know how engine rpm equates to boat speed. You need to know this to calculate how long the journey will take.
A great way to approach this is to fill out a table of values for your boat. This could just be a hand written entry inside your logbook or anywhere else convenient. In the first column, write a series of rpm values, say 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000 (you may go higher depending on your engine). In the second column, write down your boat speed for each rpm value. You need to go out in calm conditions and drive at these speeds. Speed through the water is the metric you need, so if you have GPS, use this in opposite directions and use the average (to cancel out tidal effects). I would not trust a log for speed accuracy. Now, you can add a third column which is your expected fuel burn rate, in litres per hour, for each rpm value (based on your research).
Armed with this information, you can now calculate how much fuel you need for a given trip. Here is a worked example:
Distance 60 nautical miles. Cruising speed is 20 knots. Journey time therefore 3 hours (distance divided by speed).
From your table, 20kts is achieved at 3000 rpm, with a fuel burn of 68 litres per hour. So 204 litres needed for the trip.
If this is less than two thirds of tank capacity (assuming starting full), then you have the range for the trip.
(In case you were wondering, these figures are from an 11.5m flybridge, twin shaft, 2 x 260HP Diesel).
Apart from some maths, the big trick here is writing down that table of fuel burn figures for your boat.
Finally, a word of caution. There are two assumptions baked into this approach.
One. The manufacturers rpm / fuel burn figures assume a level of load which may not be the same for your boat. Good practice is to log some trips, take note of fuel used (by filling up again when you arrive), and compare actual usage to predicted. You may need to adjust your table accordingly. If you are lucky enough to have metered fuel flow on your instruments, you can use this in your table (it shouldn’t be vastly different to the manufacturers data, but is specific to your boat).
Two. Your figures are based on calm conditions. Fuel consumption can greatly increase in poor conditions and if you are forced below planing speeds, tidal streams will become more significant (ie,if your speed through the water is 6 knots and you are fighting a 3 knot tide, it effectively doubles the journey length and so the fuel burn).
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