27/08/2026
A dog's sense of smell is a truly incredible thing! They use their olfactory systems in so many different ways that are fundamental to their lives, including their perception and navigation of the world around them, their social behaviour, and their communication...
The more scientific investigation we see, the more we are learning about this canine superpower. But we still have so much to learn. It's really a very exciting time! 😁
One of the most interesting fields in canine science is the study of canine cognition. Cognition is all the ways our brains take in, process, and remember information, including things like knowledge, understanding, memory, and language.
Basically, cognition is thinking. 🤔
And dogs think a lot... with their noses! 🤣
Not only are their noses literally built around sniffing, not only do they have a large and complex part of their brain dedicated to olfaction, but the canine olfactory bulb is linked by tracts of white matter (bundles of axons, transporting messages super quickly) to various other parts of their brains.
A study in 2022, by Dr Alexandra Horowitz and colleagues, discovered five of these tracts linking directly from the olfactory system to other systems in the brain:
Piriform Cortex (OPT)
Identifying, learning, social behaviour
Entorhinal Cortex (OET)
Memory formation, navigation, time perception
Limbic System (OLT)
Emotion, motivation, survival responses
Spinal Cord (OCST)
Motor function
So all of those make sense. We know from our own experience that our sense of smell influences all of that.
But, perhaps the most exciting, and fascinating, discovery was the fifth canine olfactory tract:
The Olfactory-Occipital Tract (OOT)
A direct information highway between the olfactory cortex and the occipital lobe, which is responsible for visual processing.
And one of the most exciting things about the OOT is that it's a 'novel' tract, meaning it has yet to be discovered in any other species. Which says a lot, considering the huge amount of research into primates, say. Or, rodents. Or, humans. 🤷♀️
Because it doesn't make sense (to us) that smell would have anything to do with vision.
It makes me wonder what it must feel like to be a dog; how different it must be to live in a fluid, always dynamic, often turbulent world of scent, with a brain that sends messages directly from your incredible nose, right to your visual cortex...
It seems that dogs might indeed 'see' with their noses, after all. 😉🐾💜
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9398547/