22/09/2026
What if life on Earth began more than once?!
Scientists at the Institute of Molecular Evolution (Heinrich Heine University) have found evidence suggesting that while all modern life may share the same ancient genetic code, free-living cells could have emerged independently more than once.
And that could completely change how we think about the origin of life.
Bacteria and archaea are two of the oldest and most fundamental forms of life on Earth. They share the same basic genetic code, suggesting a very ancient common heritage.
But researchers now think their ancestors may have separately made the leap from simple chemistry to independent, free-living organisms.
In other words, evolution may have started the journey towards cellular life twice if not more!
Let’s zoom back in time a bit and find that the early Earth was a very different place to the planet we know today.
Around volcanic areas and deep-sea hydrothermal vents, minerals and natural chemical reactions provided some of the ingredients needed to build increasingly complex systems.
Researchers suggest that these early systems may have gradually become more sophisticated — eventually developing into the enzymes and machinery that allowed true living cells to survive independently.
And remarkably, bacteria and archaea appear to have evolved some of the same essential biological functions independently of each other!
We normally imagine the origin of life as a single extraordinary event: Chemistry gave rise to first life which evolved into everything alive today.
But perhaps it wasn't that simple.
Its possible that early Earth produced multiple attempts at life, with most disappearing without leaving descendants.
If this is true, the emergence of life is not a unique, one-off event.
It could be something that happens again and again when the conditions are right.
And that leaves us with an extraordinary question:
If life may have emerged more than once on Earth... how often might it have happened elsewhere in the Universe?
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