21/09/2026
Have you ever wondered how to build a sentence in Arabic starting with a verb? Let’s learn about الجُمْلَةُ الفِعْلِيَّةُ (the verbal sentence), one of the fundamental sentence structures in Arabic.
A verbal sentence is a sentence that begins with a verb. Its basic structure can be:
فِعْلٌ + فَاعِلٌ
Verb + Doer (Subject).
Let’s look at each part.
1. الفِعْلُ — The verb
The verb expresses the action.
2. الفَاعِلُ — The doer (subject)
The فَاعِلُ is the person or thing that performs the action. In a verbal sentence, it is usually مَرْفُوعٌ (in the nominative case).
3. المَفْعُولُ بِهِ — The object
The مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ is the person or thing receiving the action. When present, it is usually مَنْصُوبٌ (in the accusative case).
Examples:
Example 1: A verbal sentence with an object:
كَتَبَ الطَّالِبُ الدَّرْسَ.
The student wrote the lesson.
كَتَبَ — فِعْلٌ (Verb): wrote
الطَّالِبُ — فَاعِلٌ (Doer): the student
الدَّرْسَ — مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ (Object): the lesson
Example 2: A verbal sentence with an object:
أَكَلَ الوَلَدُ التُّفَّاحَةَ.
The boy ate the apple.
أَكَلَ — فِعْلٌ (Verb): ate
الوَلَدُ — فَاعِلٌ (Doer): the boy
التُّفَّاحَةَ — مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ (Object): the apple
Example 3: A verbal sentence without an object:
خَرَجَ مُحَمَّدٌ.
Muhammad left.
خَرَجَ — فِعْلٌ (Verb): went
مُحَمَّدٌ — فَاعِلٌ (Doer): Muhammad
There is no مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ because the verb خَرَجَ does not require a direct object. The sentence is complete.
Example 4: A verbal sentence without an object:
نَامَ الطِّفْلُ.
The child slept.
نَامَ — فِعْلٌ (Verb): slept
الطِّفْلُ — فَاعِلٌ (Doer): the child
There is no مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ because the verb نَامَ does not take a direct object. The sentence is complete with just the verb and the doer.
Important note:
A جُمْلَةٌ فِعْلِيَّةٌ does not always need مفعول به. Some verbs take a direct object, while others do not.
كَتَبَ الطَّالِبُ الدَّرْسَ.
The student wrote the lesson.
This sentence contains a verb, a doer, and an object.
خَرَجَ مُحَمَّدٌ.
Muhammad left.
This sentence contains only a verb and a doer, and it is still grammatically complete.
Understanding this structure will help you recognize grammatical roles, read Arabic more confidently, and build your own correct sentences.
Now it’s your turn! Can you write a جُمْلَةٌ فِعْلِيَّةٌ in Arabic? Try writing one with a مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ and one without it. Share your examples in the comments!
And remember: Let’s make it happen!