15/01/2026
Nothing has taught me more about EBSA than recently providing emergency foster care for a traumatised teenager.
When I started teaching back in 1997, I remember first hearing the term “school refusers.”�And if I’m honest, I assumed it was children being difficult. Defiant.
Uncooperative.
I know better now.
What we often label as refusal is, for many children, fear - fear rooted in anxiety, overwhelm or trauma that lurks in the shadows far beyond the classroom walls.
The teen my family supported during a crisis *wanted* to go to school… but it felt impossible for her.
I saw first hand how she would have every intention of going, get dressed, pack her school bag…
but as we arrived at the school gates, she would shrink and freeze.
And then, as we walked into reception together, her nervous system would kick in to keep her safe.
To some people, her trauma-response of
Freeze - Fight - Flight
looked like…
Defiance - Insolence - Disengagement.
Perhaps because those people just couldn’t imagine the past experiences that had driven her to have such distrust in… people.
Advocating for this child made me realise just how incredibly important it is that schools can offer a soft landing with a designated member of staff, as well as lessons with teachers who are trauma-informed.
EBSA (Emotionally Based School Avoidance) is one of the reasons why my “Engaging Reluctant Learners” workshops always focus on:�• low-risk, low-threat participation�• classrooms where it feels safe to hesitate, to try, to get things wrong�• behaviour strategies built on curiosity, not compliance�• and teaching that adapts to the child in front of us - not the one we expected.
I’d love to hear what your school does to support students experiencing EBSA.