Dr T M McClellan

Dr T M McClellan Modern Literature in Chinese: research and translation

See also chapters 1-6 (of 21) posted above, commencing 15 December 2024.SBHH07Zhong Lihe, Songs of Bamboo Hat Hill (Lish...
19/03/2025

See also chapters 1-6 (of 21) posted above, commencing 15 December 2024.
SBHH07
Zhong Lihe, Songs of Bamboo Hat Hill (Lishan Farm)
鍾理和 著:《笠山農場》 (1955)
Translated by T. M. McClellan

Chapter 7

The first one used a mountain hoe to dig a hole. Each hole was something over a foot in diameter, and the space between two holes was six foot. Before backfilling, the soil had to be broken up very finely, hoed very loose, so that the plant’s roots would find it easy to spread, to breathe, and to grow. The second one planted the coffee sapling in the hole. Due to careful tending during the month that they had spent heeled in, the saplings had developed to a thriving state; the hairs on their roots were snow-white, tender, and profuse. Finally, the last worker in the team of three would have cut some guan grass – or mountain palm leaves would do – and now they constructed a simple frame out of three or more small branches and draped the grass or leaves over it as shelter for the coffee. You had to drape it carefully, in order to provide shade but also allow ventilation – that was the ideal.
Before the autumn rains came, the farm planned to hurry to plant another fifty thousand coffee plants. Once the rains started they wouldn’t be able to do a thing, so you couldn’t just stand and watch – you needed to put some effort into the planting.
Everyone in this gang of farmhands – whether planting, digging, or framing-up – everyone knew the nature and scope of the task that had been allocated to them; and everyone went about it nimbly and quickly. It was as if each of them was a smart, well-trained sailor on a ship. Through their disciplined, organised cooperation and division of labour, the ship sailed smoothly along.
However, at the same time, they were young, and cheerful, and brimming with vigour, so that – like springs – they could never be at peace, even for a moment.
Even if there were a very few of them of more advanced years, these too had once been young, so that their best-kept, most cherished memories were enough to allow them to fuse as one with the youngsters.
They were happy in their work, and so it progressed quickly. All the workers chatted and laughed, some sang hill songs. The hill songs in particular could make you forget your tiredness. Moreover, if you happened to be in love, then there was all the more reason to sing a song or two. There was nothing in this world better than a hill song to show off your charms to the one you love.
“A-Kang. Give us a song!”
Everyone knew that A-Kang had plenty of good hill songs. But A-Kang wouldn’t sing.
“Shouru, you give us one!”
And everybody had heard Shouru’s voice – there was none finer.
But Shouru only smiled. He was in the middle of using three acacia branches to form a tripod on which to drape guan grass.
“Hongmei, tell Shouru to give us a song!”
Hongmei was Shouru’s sweetheart, something else that everybody knew. Hongmei had just finished planting a coffee sapling, and was stretching her back and limbs.
From under the brim of her bamboo hat, she cast Shouru a coquettish smile. They were working in the same team of three.
“Hah! I never clamped his bloody mouth shut!” said Hongmei, really putting it on. “Who the hell cares if that guy sings or not!”
Waah-hahaha – there was a wave of riotous laughter.
“Shouru, your bride has given her permission, surely you’ll sing now?”
But now Shouru was even more embarrassed to sing.
However, youthful lives are like floods that cannot immediately be curtailed. A joyous, melodious hill song now flowed forth from a pair of lips that no one had ever paid attention to before:

Little sister amply round,
Like the full moon, just as bright,
Brother’s like a little star,
With her till dawn, every night.

“Great! Guihe, you’re really something!”
Cries of appreciation reverberated through the whole valley. Now that Guihe had led the way, a light infectious stir swept like a wave across the whole body of workers.
Now A-Kang could resist no longer. In response to Guihe’s verse, the sound of his deep, broad vocal cords echoed resonantly through the valley.

Bamboo Hat Hill Temple’s gods are renowned,
So that’s where I went to ask the holiest one:
“At Bamboo Hat everyone is paired off together,
“Why oh why am I the only one who sleeps alone?”

“Aiya! A-Kang!” yelled a male hand, a guy with a big face. “Do you still sleep alone?
Oh you poor, poor thing!” Then he turned to the woman beside him: “Here we are! Xiuchun, please take pity on A-Kang. He’s still sleeping alone!”
Xiuchun made a spitting noise and retorted:
“Why don’t you get your little sister to keep him company? A-Kang’s after your little sister!”
At this, the company again broke out in great peals of laughter.
But suddenly, Guihe called out for everyone to be quiet: “There’s someone singing over there,” he said. And so they all held their breath and pricked up their ears.

Bamboo Hat’s gods may be renowned,
But why ask Guanyin why you’re alone?
It’s because of their virtue, in a past life,
That Bamboo Hat folk are paired one on one.

Oh! This time it was a woman’s voice! But what took everyone by surprise was not that it was a woman singing, but the fact that her hill song was of the “challenge” type. It was very obvious that she intended to have a sing-off with A-Kang.
“Who’s that?” They all just looked at one another.
“It’s coming from the charcoal kilns!”
When this was pointed out everyone realised it was true: from not far over to the north, by Number Four Charcoal Kiln, voices and the sounds of wood being thrown about could be faintly heard.
They listened in silence to the song, and when she had finished there was an even greater commotion and uproar than before. Everyone was overcome with excitement and high spirits.
“A-Kang, sing her a reply! If you give in, you’re a wimp!”
“That’s right! You gotta beat her!”
“Yeah! Beat her, A-Kang! If you’re scared of her you’re the son of a whore!”
Suddenly, all around were inciting and encouraging A-Kang.
“Brother Zhiping, who’s working over at the charcoal kilns?” Liang Yanmei asked Liu Zhiping, who was standing nearby.
Zhiping was working in a team with Shuhua and Qiongmei; Yanmei, Rao Fuquan, and another woman formed the neighbouring team. Yanmei and Zhiping were both doing the planting.
It was Fuquan who replied to Yanmei’s question:
“Sulan and a few other girls are weaving straw sacks.”
“That’s right!” said Yanmei. “That’s Sulan, and no mistake! That girl sure can sing!”
“She’s a beautiful voice, right enough,” said Zhiping. “And she’s no slouch with her lyrics, either.”
“Sulan’s famous for her clever songs. When she challenges someone to a sing-off she usually comes out on top.”
“I only knew she was a good worker. I had no idea she was such a good hill-singer.”
And then came A-Kang’s response:

Bamboo Hat may have no flowers, other places will,
Bamboo Hat may have no girls, but I can go elsewhere.
If Bamboo Hat can’t make me a match, I’ll get a match elsewhere,
Little Sister, there’s no need to be alone, don’t despair!

Immediately, a response came from the charcoal kilns:

Bamboo Hat has flowers, O! blushing red in colour,
Bamboo Hat has girls, O! and they can take their pick.
The big of heart may pick a flower,
The small of heart in mud shall stick.

“Great lyrics! They make a good pair!” Zhiping’s praise was sincere.
“Planting coffee up here is much more fun than working on the road,” said Yanmei.
“It’s terribly boring over there – it’s as if they all have boils on their mouths so that none of them can even speak. If I’d had to work another few days on the road I would surely have fallen sick from boredom.”
For the last few days Yanmei had been assigned to the road gang. Only today had she been transferred to a coffee planting team.
“So why aren’t you singing hill songs, then?” asked Zhiping. “You haven’t any boils in your mouth, have you?”
“Brother Zhiping,” said Yanmei. “If you’re not careful you might put a jinx on me. And anyway, I don’t have any hill songs to sing.”
“Well why don’t I teach you one?”
“Who’d care for one of yours?” replied Yanmei with a pout.
“You’d care, that’s who.”
“No, I wouldn’t!”
“My hill songs are really very good, you know. It’d be a great pity if you don’t hear one.”
“What hill songs do you have?” After a pause, Yanmei changed her tune: “Why not have a go at one, then? I’m listening.”
“You see? You do care! You were just being obstinate.”
“I don’t care. I don’t!”
“Forget it, then. But they really are good….”
“Nothing good ever came out of a dog’s mouth!”
“Hey! There’s no need for cursing!”
“Well you mustn’t keep telling tall tales!”
“I wasn’t telling tall tales. All right, then. Just listen to this:

Climbing flowers in the garden cover the whole wall,
Some like red blooms, but it’s yellow I would have….

“There you go talking nonsense again!”
“Don’t interrupt. I’m not finished yet:

Everybody says that plum blossom is fine,
But when I eat a watermelon it’s the cool that I crave.

In Hakka Chinese, as in Mandarin, the word “cool” sounds exactly like Yanmei’s
surname, so this was a punning song. Yanmei spat in disgust, and at the same time
a rosy blush spread all the way from her eyes across her cheeks to her ears.
“Oh, come on!” said Shuhua, taking a rest from her work with the hoe. “You
should be happy that somebody “craves” you! Why do you have to put on such airs?”
A fresh wave of scarlet flashed across Yanmei’s face as she shouted and cursed:
“Sister Shuhua, if Heaven has ears, let It make you chew off your own rotten tongue!”
“You can’t mean to say Uncle Zhiping isn’t good enough for you! What are you like?! Oh yes, Uncle Zhiping, someone from Nanmei….”
“Tuah! Sister Shuhua, now you’re going too far!”
Yanmei spat, and almost jumped in the air as she angrily glared at Shuhua. But Shuhua paid her no attention and calmly went on with what she had to say.
“Uncle Zhiping, let me tell you: the day before yesterday someone from Nanmei came and….”
“Sister Shuhua, I’ll beat you to death!” threatened Yanmei, her eyes wider than ever in a glare.
“Why can’t I talk about it? It’s happy news, isn’t it?” Shuhua gave a mischievous smile, but said no more.
“Sister Yanmei, I beg you,” interjected Qiongmei earnestly. “Nanmei is a dreadful place. It’d be better to die than marry there!”
Yanmei picked up some dirt from the ground and threw it at Qiongmei.
“You devil! There you go gossiping as bad as Sister Shuhua!”
“You ungrateful piece of trash!”
Giggling, Qiongmei brushed the dirt off.
“You don’t know when someone has your best interests at heart….”
“I’ll give you best interests, you wretch!” Yanmei leapt bodily in the air.
But just then, A-Kang came out with another hill song:

Bamboo Hat may have no charcoal – plenty firewood, though,
Brother may be still alone, but he makes no ado.
The time will come when he will wed, not just one but two;
Both of them are bonnier than you, and both are s*xier too.

“A-Kang’s going all out!”
Zhiping stood and looked round at everyone. The whole hillside was covered with folk: voices and happy laughter filled the air. Even Fuquan, not much of a one for talking and laughing, was in high spirits. Guihe, whose planting team had reached the very middle of the hill, was having a great time: he kept goading and prodding A-Kang, who had already sung himself weary and hoarse.
“A-Kang,” roared Guihe, “if you lose to that wee lass we all lose face. Call yourself a man?”
“What an embarrassment for all of us men!” Fuquan chimed in.
And now came the response from the charcoal clamps:

Hill-song singing has its own etiquette,
Watch your mouth or you’ll come a cropper yet;
Bamboo Hat folk all know how to behave,
Little Sister’s “s*xy” but it’s not you she’ll have!

“Nanmei…,” Qiongmei looked at Yanmei with a smile. “I’m not talking about you! Nanmei is a dreadful place. Only the doomed go there.”
“But Qiongmei,” said Zhiping. “People still keep going there, don’t they?”
“You’re absolutely right!” said Qiongmei angrily. “And every year the number going just grows! But within a couple of years they’re sure to turn yellow and bloated. Half of them lose their lives in this way – if that’s not doomed I don’t know what is.”
“That’s because Nanmei has only been brought under cultivation in recent years. There’s still a lot of jungle vapours and malarial air, so it’s easy to get sick. The longer folk are settled there and get acclimatised, the less of a problem it will be.”
“As long as there’s a living to be made, people will keep going. That’s true of any place, even with the risk of going yellow and bloated,” said Fuquan. “Do you know another name folk have for Nanmei?”
“What name?” asked Qiongmei, doubtfully.
“They call it Pus Lake!”
“That’s just the right name for it! When you get that illness yellow liquid oozes out all over your body. It’s really scary! You hear that, Sister Yanmei?” asked Qiongmei with a smile. “Aren’t you afraid you’ll ooze that yellow stuff?”
“Tuah!” spat Yanmei.
“But Qiongmei,” said Zhiping. “You still have to go, don’t you?”
“Too right I have to go. If I didn’t have to go I wouldn’t need to be so scared of it, would I? Only yesterday they told me I have to go and w**d the banana groves. Darn it, I ain’t going!”
“Will it be all right if you don’t go?”
Qiongmei was silent for a moment, before saying desolately: “Damn it all to hell!”
Suddenly they heard a loud shout from someone standing nearby:
“Here comes the boss!”
Liu Shaoxing, a big sickle in one hand and a walking stick in the other, was coming toward them along the narrow path. Through his presbyopic spectacles, his eyes were fixed in their direction; the shimmering reflections on the lenses made them look like the eyes of a demon.
“Uncle Shaoxing.” When Zhiping’s father reached them, Yanmei beat all the rest to be the first to address him. “They’re doing nothing but sing songs!”
“Let them sing,” said Liu amiably. “When the singing is good, the work will also be well done.”
“Aiyo! The boss is here!”
Guihe called loudly from halfway up the hill, turning to face those below. His companions also stopped working and turned to look downhill.
“Boss…!”
“You’re all really putting your backs into the work!” Liu praised the planting
gang.
“So we should, for the sake of the farm,” said a little old man, Brother Changqing, quietly.
“Boss!” yelled Guihe from uphill. “We don’t mind helping the farm, but the farm had better give us something in return.”
“Fine! You’re all invited for a cup of coffee when it’s grown.”
“None of us have ever had coffee before, but we’re fond of a few cups of
grog.”

第七章

第一個人捏山鋤在前鋤開一坑土,坑,尺幾寬,六尺的間隔。坑土必須弄得碎碎的,鬆鬆的,才好使植物的根易于伸張,呼吸和生長。第二個人即把咖啡苗往坑裡種。苗由于一個多月假植期間的小心培育,發育得很是茁壯,根毛雪白,柔嫩而繁密。然後由最末那個人砍些菅草,山棕葉也行,先用三數支樹枝做骨架,這樣把咖啡包紮起來。你必須當心包紮,因為要能夠遮陽,同時又能通風,才算得是盡善盡美!
在秋雨之前,農場打算再趕種五萬株,到了雨季,就什麼都不能做了,因此你就不能光站住瞧,必須賣勁點種。一群工人,不問是種的,鋤的,包的,誰都不用管誰,誰都懂得分配給自己的工作的性質及範圍,誰都做得又俐落,又快捷。好像他們是一個船裡訓練有素的好船員,在他們有規律有組織的分工合作之下,船順利地進行起來。
然而同時,他們也是年輕的,快活的,飽滿充沛的精力,使他們發條似的一刻也安靜不下來。即算有三幾個年事大些的人,他們也有過年輕的時候,那麼他們那保存得最好最甜蜜的回憶,就足夠使他們和年輕人溶融在一起了。他們有說有笑,有人唱山歌,工作愉快,進行迅速。山歌,那是會叫你忘記疲勞的。不但如此,比方,你又還有個情人,那就更該唱支歌 了。這世間,就沒有什麼比山歌更能使你的情人感到魅力的了!
「阿康,唱支呀!」
大家都知道阿康有的是好山歌。
阿康不唱。
「壽如,還是你來吧!」
大家也都領教過壽如的聲音,那是再美沒有的。
壽如祇是笑了笑。他正在用三條相思樹枝,搭好三腳架,預備包紮。
「紅妹你叫壽如唱支吧!」
紅妹是壽如的情人,這又是大家都知道的。紅妹恰好種好一條咖啡,伸直身子。
她由笠陰下向壽如嬌媚地飛了一眼。——他們是共一個班子的。
「我又沒有鉗住他的嘴,」紅妹嬌聲嬌氣地說:「誰來管他死鬼唱不唱!」
哇——一陣哄然大笑。
「壽如,娘娘許可了,你還不唱呀?」
但是這樣一來,壽如是更不好意思唱了。
然而年輕的生命像洪水,一時也堵不住的。由別的,完全不為人所理會的嘴裡,愉快的山歌,悠揚地流了出來。

阿妹生來圓叮噹 ,
好比天上圓月亮,
阿哥好比小星子 ,
夜夜相隨到天光 。

「好哇——貴和,有你的——」
立刻,叫好的聲音,震動了山谷。由貴和開頭,於是一陣富有傳染性的輕快的蠢動,浪潮似的由這個角落,一直滾向那個角落。
阿康已沉不住氣,也在那邊接起來了,男性的深沉寬厚的聲帶,在山谷間引起沈宏的回音。

久聞笠山寺有靈,
笠山寺裡問觀音:
笠山人人有雙對,
何獨阿哥自家眠 ?

「啊呀,阿康,你還是自家眠麼?可憐呀,可憐!」一個大面龐的男工這樣嚷著,轉臉向身邊的女人:「有了!秀春,你可憐可憐阿康吧,他還是自家眠呢!」
「啐,你不好叫你妹子去陪伴他嗎,阿康是要你妹子的!」
哇——又是一陣轟天大笑。
突然,貴和叫大家別嚷。「那邊有人唱歌呢!」他說。
於是大家屏息凝聽。

雖然笠山寺有靈,
無雙何必問觀音?
笠山人人有雙對,
須是前生修到今!

哦,女人的聲音呢!大家不禁愕然。
但是他們所驚異的倒不是因為唱歌者是女人的關係,而是因為那山歌是挑戰性的;很顯然,對方有意和這邊對唱。
「誰呢?」一時大家面面相覷。
「炭窯那面唱的呢!」
有人這樣提醒大家。果然,在北邊隔不好遠的第四號炭窯地那面,人聲和擲木頭的聲浪,隱隱可聽。
大家靜聽了一會兒——於是譁然鼓譟起來。更大的激動,更大的昂奮,掃倒了人們。
「阿康,回她,輸了便不是漢子!」
「對!駁倒她!」
「駁倒她呀,阿康,怕她的才是婊子養的呢!」
煽動和激勵,一時由四面八方傳出。

「致平哥,誰在炭窯那邊做活?」
梁燕妹向身傍的劉致平問道。致平,淑華,瓊妹三人一班;燕妹,饒福全和另一個女工三人,又是一班。燕妹和致平同是種的。
「素蘭她們幾個人在織草袋。」饒福全代答。
「那就是了!」燕妹說:「這聲音正是素蘭的。這死細妹子 可唱得不錯呢!」
「倒是好口才,」致平說,「聲音也美!」
「素蘭的口才是出了名的,她和人駁山歌 ,總是贏的時候多。」
「從前我祇知道她做得好活,可不知道也唱得好歌。」
阿康山歌又起:

笠山無花別處有,
笠山無女別處求,
笠山無雙別處娶,
何需阿妹閑發愁!

炭窯再駁:

笠山有花紅羞羞,
笠山有女看人求:
大方阿哥求一個,
小氣阿哥水上流。
 
「好口才!兩人有比!」致平衷心稱讚。
「在這裡種咖啡,快活多了,」燕妹說:「開路那邊就悶死人,好像誰的嘴裡都長了一個大疔 ,開不了口。我要是再在那裡做幾天,一定要悶出病來的。」
她這數日被派在致遠手下開路,今天才調到這裡來。
「那你為什麼不唱山歌呢,」致平說:「你嘴裡又不長疔?」
「請你別隨便咒人,致平哥!」燕妹說:「我沒有山歌。」
「要不要我來教給你?」
「誰稀罕你的?」燕妹呶長了嘴唇皮。
「我知道你是稀罕的。」
「不稀罕!」
「好的很呢,你不聽,那是很可惜的。」
「什麼山歌?」停了一會兒,燕妹轉了嘴:「你試唸來我聽聽!」
「你看,還是要呢,偏是嘴硬!」
「不要,不要……」
「算了,當真是好的。」
「狗嘴裡是掏不出好東西來的!」
「別開口罵人!」
「可不許胡說!」
「不胡說。那你聽著:

園裡種花打滿牆,
人愛紅花我愛黃——
…………」
 
「又胡說了!」
「你別打岔,沒完呢:

人人都說張李好,
我吃西瓜但想涼。」

涼梁諧音,這是一首借音寓意的歌,梁燕妹啐了一口,同時一道紅潮,一直由眼頰紅到耳根。
「得了!」淑華歇了山鋤說道:「有人想,還不高興,一定要擺得天樣高的架子?」
梁燕妹又是一道紅潮泛過,一邊嚷罵:
「淑華姐,天有眼,嚼爛你的舌頭。」
「難道致平叔還不配愛你嗎?德行!是了,致平叔,南眉……」
「啐!淑華姐,越發胡說了。」
燕妹幾乎跳了起來,向淑華睜眼瞪視。但是淑華滿不在乎,仍舊不慌不忙的繼續說下去。
「致平叔,我告訴你,前天南眉有人來……」
「淑華姐,我揍死你!」
燕妹圓睜雙目,恫嚇地說。
「不許說麼,恭喜的事兒呢!」
淑華調皮地笑了笑,不說了。
「燕妹姐,」瓊妹插進口來做好做歹的說:「我勸你,南眉是個死地方,寧可死了,也別嫁去!」
燕妹由地上抓起一塊土,向瓊妹擲去。
「死東西,你也學淑華姐嚼舌!」
「你這不識好歹的賤貨,」瓊妹拂去身上的土,格格地好笑。「人家一片好心腸……」
「好你的死骨頭!」
燕妹跳了起來。
阿康的山歌:

笠山無炭有柴燒 ,
阿哥無雙心不焦,
到時一年娶兩個,
比你更美又更騷。
 
「阿康在拚命呢!」
致平立著朝大家看。山坡一面都是人,都是聲音,都是歡笑,就連不愛說笑的福全,也都興致勃勃。種到岡腹去的貴和,興頭十足,不住用激將法在鼓勵力竭聲嘶的阿康。
「阿康,」他喊著說,「你要是把一陣人的面子都輸給一個小娘兒們,你就不是人了。」
「那就把男子的面子都丟到大海裡去了。」福全也大聲附和起來。
炭窯之駁:

要唱山歌須端莊,
開口罵人笑四方:
笠山人人講規矩,
阿妹雖騷不愛郎!

「南眉——」瓊妹微笑地向燕妹看著,「我可不是說你呢!南眉,那是鬼地方,該死的人才到那裡去。」
「可是瓊妹,不是照樣有人要去嗎?」致平說。
「可不是有人要去,還一年多似一年呢!」瓊妹悻悻地說:「可也不消幾年,準是黃頭腫面的。有一半人就是這樣丟了性命,不是該死是什麼!」
「那是因為南眉是近年開發的新地方,瘴氣多,容易生病。住得久了,水土服了,就沒什麼了。」
「只要有飯吃,就有人去,不管什麼地方,也不管會不會黃頭腫面。」福全說。「你們知道人們還管它叫什麼嗎?」
「叫什麼?」瓊妹胡疑地問道。
「叫黃水湖!」
「那可叫得對!患了那種病,就通身流黃水,好不怕人!」
「燕妹,聽見了麼?」瓊妹笑對燕妹說。「你不怕流黃水?」
「啐!」
「你不是還得去嗎,瓊妹?」致平問道。
「可不是得去,不去還怕它?昨天還說就要鏟 芎蕉草呢。真討厭,我不打算去的。」
「不去行嗎?」
瓊妹默了一會兒,然後愁寂地說:
「討厭死了!」
忽然身傍什麼地方有人大聲嚷叫:
「頭家來了——」
在那條羊腸小徑上,劉少興一手執著大鎌刀,一手拄著一支小木棍,正向一群人走來。他的老花眼鏡,不住向這邊觀望,閃閃爍爍的恰如兩隻鬼眼。
「少興伯,」待劉少興走到身邊來時梁燕妹搶先開口:「他們淨唱歌 呢!」
「就讓他們唱吧,」劉少興和顏悅色地說:「歌唱得好,活兒也就做得好。」
「喔喲,頭家來了,頭家——」
岡腹上的貴和反身大喊。大家一齊停止活動,都回首往下看。
「大家很賣力呀!」少興向眾人招呼。
「我們給農場賣力是應該的。」一個小老頭兒長清哥靜靜地說。
「頭家,」貴和向坡下嚷道:「我們給農場幫忙,農場可得給我們好處。」
「行!等以後,我請大家喝咖啡。」
「咖啡,我們沒喝過,我們倒喜歡喝幾杯白酒。」
「那就更容易了。下午歇了工,就請大家到山寮裡去吃餐便飯。」
「謝謝頭家!」一個三四十歲的婦人,大家管她叫阿亮嫂的,接了過去:「頭家就單請貴和一個人好了,他是前世沒吃飽喝足的餓死鬼。」
「哎喲,阿亮嫂,阿彌陀佛,你罵得好兇呀!」貴和像一條挨了打的狗似的哀叫起來。
「少興哥,」小老頭兒的長清哥問道:「路開得怎麼樣了?幾時開得好呀?」
「還差一兩天工夫。拐彎多,大石多,真不容易。大概又還得補修一遍;他們都說牛車不好走呢。」
「那就得這樣做,少興哥,開成了,可是自己的路,多費一點工,值得的!」
「可不是!沒有路,就像自己短了一雙腳,做起事來總不方便。」劉少興轉臉向致平:「致平,聽說有人進山去了,也許是要打木棉的。你看看去吧。棉莢眼看就熟了,要什麼,我們也可以撈撈,工錢總是有的。帶手 吩咐張永祥晚上出來,我有事找他。」
「進山的人嗎?我倒知道:伯勞三呢!」和長清哥一班裡的一個年輕人說。
「伯勞三麼?」長清哥活像見了鬼。「那倒霉鬼!」
致平把自己的工作交代給一個女工,和淑華悄悄地說:「我回來跟你們一塊吃飯包。」
「快去快回來,我們等著你。」
「致平哥,」燕妹笑吟吟地說:「你不怕他們把你吊起來嗎?」
「少興哥,」小老頭兒又開了口,「你這咖啡苗好壯旺呀,管保是種一棵,活一棵的。」
「那就要靠大家的福氣了。」
「能的!」老頭兒固執地說:「從前我爹說過,這笠山不比傍的山,連石頭也都有肥分的。」
「哦!」
「我爹又說,」長清哥繼續說下去:「從前他們逃日軍時,逃到別的地方去的人都被搜查出來,單有逃進笠山來躲的一批人保了安全。笠山每天牽起很厚很厚的白霧,讓日本軍看不見什麼。我爹說,笠山是有靈氣的。」
「有這等事麼?」劉少興滿面春風,「這我倒沒有聽說過。」
「這是不會錯的,老一輩的人都這樣說!」
「可是長清哥,日本上陸時你也應該有十幾歲了吧?」
「十幾歲做得什麼?」長清哥並不否認,「就只會逮蜻蜓不是?」
致平由炭窯下邊經過。低矮地覆蓋在地面上的窯寮裡,塞滿了又潮又重的黑煙。這煙,像要逃避窯寮的窒悶,由四周的寮簷,困難地掙扎爬出。水珠不住由寮簷的草尖滴落。煙的辣味,漬透了周圍的草樹。
有兩個男子,在那向剪截砍倒的相思樹。這些樹,彷彿戰場上的遺屍,滿處狼籍地仆倒著。在窯背繁密的樹陰下,三個年輕女人在編織著裝木炭用的草袋。由這裡, 就可以看見在她們頭上,八隻纏好草索的織錘,恍如江湖上擊劍者所玩弄的飛刀,飛來飛去,此起彼落。
「素蘭,」致平向窯背探頭——
「還是你們三個人麼?」
「嗯!」素蘭歇手向下路看。
「致平哥,巡山呀?」
「素蘭,你唱得好山歌呀——」
致平說著,慢慢地走過。走不多遠,拐個小彎,便有一條淺河。河又短又小,曲曲折折。像這樣的小河,這去是有幾條的。河與河之間的山坡,即是那些租地——更小的農場。前頭的租地是趙丙基的。那裡一片靜穆,祇有樹影,閑寂和寥落。致平向那裡望了望。
三處租地,就以此處樹木砍得最光,運得最淨 。十里地面,東一塊,西一塊,七零八落的種了一些咖啡。這些咖啡,包紮潦草,歪歪斜斜,就如無人管理一樣。還剩下更多的地面,彷彿光棍向著風雨和貧窮露著脊樑,完全聽任荒蕪。
路上面的茅寮裡,有女人叱罵孩子的火辣聲。致平朝茅寮看了一眼,便走過去了。
再去,又一個淺河與淺河之間——是葉阿鳳的租地。然後是張永祥的……。

See also chapters 1-5B posted above commencing 15 December 2024SBHH06Zhong Lihe, Songs of Bamboo Hat Hill (Lishan Farm)鍾...
18/03/2025

See also chapters 1-5B posted above commencing 15 December 2024
SBHH06
Zhong Lihe, Songs of Bamboo Hat Hill (Lishan Farm)
鍾理和 著:《笠山農場》 (1955)
Translated by T. M. McClellan

Chapter 6

That evening, Liu Zhiping and Rao Dingquan went down to the village. Coming to a fork in the road, Dingquan said there was something he had to do, and asked if Zhiping wouldn’t mind dropping in at his home for a bit. Arriving at the Raos’ house, buried deep in the shade of mango trees, they found that Dingquan’s father and elder brother had returned before them.
In the dim light of a kerosene lamp, the old man sat alone on the corner of a bench by the table. One knee jutting up, he sat silently smoking his pipe. His face was dark, and his eyes never left the floor. It was, for him, a most unusual pose. For most normal people this type of attitude would indicate anger. But anger was a thing rarely associated with Rao Xinhua, and especially rare today – this evening – when he had had a good fill of the yellow stuff.
“The old man has been arguing….” said Dingquan to Zhiping, as they left.
“With whom?”
“Fuquan.”
“How come I didn’t see Fuquan?”
“He was in bed; completely wrapped up in the quilt.”
“Why were they arguing?”
Dingquan merely frowned and gently blew out some breath. Only after they had walked on a bit did he begin to tell Zhiping about his family’s present difficulties. It was awkward for him to speak of this to his boss’s son, but he and Zhiping had grown quite close, so that he regarded him more as a friend than as the Young Master. He felt he could talk quite naturally about anything with Zhiping, whereas with Zhiyuan he always felt that he had to keep back some of his true feelings.
As they walked, Dingquan told Zhiping that his older brother didn’t like his job as a permanent hand on the Lius’ farm. He wanted to leave the hill country and farm on the plain. At Caoqiao there was a family of relatives who wanted to rent some fields to him. However, Rao Xinhua wouldn’t let him go. The old man looked down on plains farmers. He said arable farmers were all losers.
“Does he want you and Fuquan to be permanent workers on our farm?” asked Zhiping.
“Well, not necessarily. – But he certainly wants us to follow in his footsteps.”
“Drinking, and scooting around the hills?”
“I don’t drink. As for “scooting around the hills,” to be honest, I don’t like that either.”
“I see. So do you also want to farm on the plain?”
“If I had fields to farm … that would be fine!”
After a silence, Zhiping asked:
“Do they often quarrel?”
“Yes!”
When they reached the village they first set about the farm’s business – looking for the workers it would need for the new road. They found them very quickly, because it so happened that several people were gathered, shooting the breeze, at one worker’s home. One of them was an old man with a lot of wrinkles and a set of blackened teeth as long as a horse’s. He asked Zhiping when the foreigners would be coming to the farm to buy the coffee.
Then a short guy of about thirty or forty said:
“I hear that if someone traps a wild boar, your farm demands a leg. Is it true you’re putting down beancake as bait?”
This little guy looked very familiar to Zhiping: perhaps he was one of the hunters who frequently came looking for wild boar. Zhiping had heard sarcastic, mocking speeches like this one many times before, and he knew that there was no need to reply. The man’s words embodied a very harmonious mixture of the rebelliousness of an oppressed class on the one hand, and the hostility of the local people to incomers on the other. Zhiping remained silent, merely continuing to look round at the men amiably.

In this village, the Liu residence with the imperial tablet reading “Five Generations Under One Roof” was one of the biggest clan compounds. During China’s Manchu Qing dynasty it had had its hour of glory and prosperity. However, from the time of the Japanese occupation of Taiwan, the courtyards had fallen into decline. By now the peeling walls, the broken and ugly roof ridges, and an atmosphere of desolation – all these things now told a story of days that were gone by, never to return; they were the narrative of a history of change.
The main courtyard was very deep, its walls were all made of stone, and the rooms in the corner on the right belonged to Shuhua’s family.
This was Zhiping’s first visit to Shuhua’s home, and what made it all the more exciting was the mysterious, opaque quality of a night-time visit. Even his footfalls on the flagstones sounded strange to him.
It was still fairly early. When Zhiping and Rao Dingquan entered, the family were enjoying that most delightful period of chatter and laughter before bed-time. Shuhua’s mother was the first to see them, and came to meet them beaming with smiles. The others stopped chatting and stood up and offered seats to the two young men.
“Why didn’t you come for dinner?” asked Sister A-Xi with a kindly smile.
“Oh, no need. We had business to attend to.”
“Recruiting some hands, were you? Did you find enough? There’s a few of us here who have said they’ll go.”
The room was deep and large. The inner part was the kitchen, with a stove, a water vat, kitchen utensils and every needful thing – although the things were old and workaday, everything was in its neat and tidy place. In the outer part a table had been placed with a large bench against the wall, making a dining area. Zhiping and Dingquan were seated on the bench. Of the several men aged between twenty and thirty-odd, Zhiping recognised only one: a lad with a long, thin face who resembled Shuhua – this must be Shuhua’s younger brother! Zhiping had seen him standing in the ox cart.
“Shuhua has gone next door,” said Sister A-Xi apologetically. “She doesn’t know you’re down here in the village. If she knew she would come back.”
“She knew I was coming….” Zhiping was interrupted by a wave of sound coming in from outside, as Shuhua entered. As she came, she was saying: “I didn’t think you’d really come.”
“I never tell lies!” replied Zhiping.
“There’s a first time for everything. No need to make vows!”
“It’s the absolute truth!”
“I’ll remember that! Are you free now?”
“Yes. Why?”
“Great! I’ll take you to see someone!”
“Who?”
“I can’t tell you. You’ll know when you see them.”
Sister A-Xi was embarrassed for Zhiping and broke in, saying:
“Look at the girl. How rude she is. And at a first meeting!”
“We’ve met before, a few times.”
“There you go talking even worse nonsense!”
“We really have met a few times before,” interjected Liu Zhiping.
“Really?” Sister A-Xi was stumped. In surprise she stared wide-eyed, first at Zhiping, then at Shuhua.
“Let’s go. Someone is waiting for you, you know!” Shuhua urged.
“What’s your hurry? Zhiping only just got here. Let him sit for a while!” Sister A-Xi cut in again, still all smiles.
“No! You can chat again later; and anyway, Dingquan will still be here.”
Shuhua’s utterly qualmless directness and bluntness made Zhiping somewhat embarrassed. In his confusion he looked to Sister A-Xi and hesitated.
In the end it was Shuhua’s mother who, understanding the emotions of the young, said, “What a girl! The older she gets the worse she behaves….
“All right, then, Zhiping. Go with her. I expect it’s Qiongmei; she’s just next door.”
As he followed Shuhua out, Zhiping felt as if his face was burning.
“She’s very pretty, you know,” said Shuhua, as they came out onto the street. “Wasn’t it to see her that you came down to the village?”
“The one named Qiongmei, is it?”
“You know her?”
“How should I know her? But didn’t your mother just say?”
“Yes, that’s who it is! And you’ve met her once. You surely remember, some time ago she and I were planting sweet potatoes on the hillside? Just now I told her to come, but she refused.”
Qiongmei’s house was a few small, cramped rooms outside the frontage of the Liu compound, to the east. It faced south onto the main street, with a cement water cistern out front.
As they arrived outside Qiongmei’s bedroom, Zhiping couldn’t help but hesitate. He didn’t know if it was alright, so casually to enter the bedroom of a young woman he didn’t really know. However, his qualms were merely momentary. For some reason he couldn’t pinpoint, he felt his heartbeat speed up slightly, as he followed Shuhua through the bamboo door curtain into the room
There were two young women inside: the one sitting on the edge of the bed was Liang Yanmei, whom he knew; the one sitting on the room’s only hard wooden stool, doing embroidery – this must be Qiongmei, then? Both of them stood.
“Uncle Zhiping,” said Qiongmei, gently and softly.
Suddenly Liang Yanmei burst out laughing – her attitude was casual and winsome.
“What are you laughing at, you little flirt?” scolded Shuhua.
Although Zhiping had seen Qiongmei once before, it had been at some distance, and only in passing. He hadn’t really seen her clearly. And what’s more, it was now a long time ago, so that his impression of her was indistinct. For those reasons, this now seemed like a first meeting.
Like Yanmei, Qiongmei was full-figured, soft and plump; both of them belonged to the Yang Guifei type – quite the opposite of Shuhua’s slim, willowy build.
Qiongmei’s face was somewhat roundish, with clearly-defined double eyelids and a lively look in her eyes. Although her forehead was a little on the high side, and one could just make out a few blue veins in it, Zhiping found her very beautiful.
Qiongmei gathered up her embroidery from the stool and offered Zhiping a seat. On the white satin on the embroidery frame, she had just begun to stitch a white crane and a peony. In the real world these two things of the natural world had nothing to do with one another, but here they were artificially brought together as a single motif, suggesting an inseparably close relationship.
Zhiping had only glanced at the embroidery, and he found it comical, but he said:
“Fine work! Do you often do embroidery?”
“No!”
The room was very simply furnished: a bamboo bed, a red lacquered chest by the window, and a make-up box on the chest. That was everything.
Zhiping began asking Qiongmei about Nanmei and her family’s banana plantation. Qiongmei seemed to have no great love of Nanmei. She said she couldn’t get used to living there; nothing seemed quite right. Every night when the sun went down it got terribly gloomy, as if ghosts were everywhere. And in every direction they were surrounded by Hoklo villages – and she didn’t understand a word of Hoklo.
Another thing was that there was a strange sickness rife in Nanmei – no one knew what kind of sickness it was, or what caused it. Whoever caught the illness would be covered in yellow swellings oozing yellow liquid – it was really scary!
As Qiongmei talked, she kept her head bowed, looking at the floor or glancing at the palms of her hands, but also sometimes stealing a glance at Zhiping from under her eyebrows.
Zhiping noticed that, like Shuhua, she addressed him as “uncle” for some strange reason. It hit him like a sudden blow to the head; he was at a loss how to react. Resounding in his head, the word “uncle” felt so strange, so forced and superfluous. What kin were they to him? He was very puzzled. He felt as uncomfortable as if someone had poured dirty water down his throat.
The conversation began with a focus on Nanmei and circled around that for a while, then turned to other subjects. When Zhiping mentioned the first time they had met at the foot of Bamboo Hat Hill, Qiongmei kept her head bowed, but with a smile on her face. Zhiping found this charming feminine bashfulness quite moving. Of the very special emotions that were stirred in him during this evening’s encounter, this impression was the most profound. This was the first time in his life that he had sat and chatted long and intimately with members of the opposite s*x, in the bedroom of one of them, and without interference from the older generation. The character and expressiveness of each of the young women – Yanmei’s romantic ardour, Qiongmei’s gentle serenity, Shuhua’s no-nonsense boldness – were imprinted in their speech, lending their conversation a natural charm and a special kind of fun.
Zhiping tarried there for a long time, before he and Yanmei got up and took their leave. Shuhua saw them out, and once they were outside Yanmei went away on her own, saying “See you tomorrow!”
The night was gradually getting quieter and quieter, and there were very few people in the street. Most households had doused their lights and gone to bed. It was the last third of the lunar month, and a slightly larger than half moon was just rising in the east.
As they passed the doorway of the ancestral hall, Zhiping looked up and saw the horizontal plaque that had presumably been gifted to the family by some prefect or county magistrate back in the Manchu Qing dynasty. A feeble electric light bulb dimly illuminated the gold relief words “Five Generations Under One Roof” against a blue background in a yellow frame. To Zhiping, the plaque conveyed a feeling of gloomy dereliction. It was as if in those few words he read the entire alternating history of human prosperity and decline.
After chatting for quite a while longer to Shuhua’s family, when Zhiping and Dingquan came back out onto the street it was getting very late. Not a house in the village was still lamp-lit.
“It’s very late!” he said to Sister A-Xi, who had come out to see them off.
The moon was now very high in the sky. Everything was very still, and bathed in silver light. In the moonlight the surrounding hills, so small and low, were holding their breath, as if already asleep. Apart from the barking of some village dogs, and the wailing of wakeful infants, no other sounds were heard.
As soon as they reached the broad main street, Zhiping came out with it:
“So, both Shuhua and Qiongmei are surnamed Liu, are they?”
“Yes,” replied Dingquan. He did not notice the unnaturalness of Zhiping’s voice, or the strange look on his face.
Zhiping felt like he had just swallowed a needle; however, he didn’t ask any more. Dingquan was telling him everything he had heard here and there since he was young about Shuhua’s family’s prosperity and decline: about how a hero of her Liu family had fought in the resistance when Japan occupied Taiwan in 1895. This stirring story was still on people’s lips, but the Liu family hero had ended up dying at the hands of the Japanese….
They talked as they walked. The clear bright moon shone on their faces. The more Dingquan spoke the more animated he became, excited by his own story. His dark eyes flashed with spirit. In contrast, Zhiping kept silent, and seemed to be in a heavy mood. His pale face seemed paler than ever.
Shuhua’s addressing him as “uncle” had at first surprised and puzzled him. What was it about? The first explanation that came to him was that she might be a relative of his sister-in-law, in which case “uncle” would be correct. The second possibility was some sort of relationship via his father’s sister; the third: the children of cousins on his mother’s side, which would also make sense. But all of those people would have different surnames to him, and belonged to different clans. If Shuhua was in neither of these groups, there was still one other possibility – the last one: if she were the child of his elder brother or of a male cousin; he had many such nieces and nephews and cousins-once-removed, who all addressed him as “uncle,” but they all lived in his home village in Pingtung. What other possible relationship would cause Shuhua to call him “uncle”? Eventually he thought of the possibility that he and she might simply have the same surname. But to Zhiping, who had received a modern education and in whom traditional patriarchal ethical notions were so diluted as to amount to almost zero, the mere thought of same-surname “relationships” was absurd, unscientific, and silly.
This evening, in order to recruit workers for the new road, he had visited quite a few households, and had discovered even more people who called him “uncle.” They included men, women, children, and even the elderly. He was greatly surprised and bewildered, and now he was forced to come back round to the notion he had deemed impossible: it must just be because they all shared a surname.
Now that Dingquan had confirmed that Shuhua and Qiongmei were indeed both Lius, Zhiping’s astonishment and confusion were only increased and deepened. He thought back to the voices and attitudes of those people who called him “uncle”: their way of addressing him thus was so natural and without the least affectation. Seemingly, they believed that their doing so was no more than the correct form, it was simply right and proper, nothing to do with modesty or flattery. He remembered how alarmed, how at a loss he had felt when a white-haired old man, old enough to be his grandfather, had respectfully addressed him as “uncle.” He had been so shocked he almost couldn’t breathe; he had felt so uncomfortable, as if he were sitting on a bed of nails. And all just because he and the old man had the same word inscribed in the air above their heads, that was all! Between two complete strangers with no relationship whatsoever, a sacred tie and kinship bond had suddenly been established: peaceful but forcible, intimate but benighted. To Zhiping, the word “uncle” now suggested a wall: he had been placed against his will inside the wall, forced to live and breathe within its limited confines. Zhiping wanted none of this, but he did not understand the feelings it produced in him. He found his own reaction very peculiar. After all, he had not entertained any particular intentions toward either Shuhua or Qiongmei, so there should have been no problem about whether they did or did not have the same surname as him. Nevertheless, there was no denying the antipathy that had risen in his heart. As if he had discovered someone intruding on his natural rights, Zhiping felt a tinge of silent rage.
With those two, Zhiping had been thinking only of spending carefree time with them, as with any other women, chatting and laughing. And if he loved someone, he would be loved in return; if he didn’t love anyone, he’d get no love in return. It should be his own personal affair, there should be no need for any third party to interfere. But now suddenly there was this external force intruding among them, demanding to regulate his behaviour. This was interference. This interference was uncalled-for and unacceptable to him.
He began to think again about the special qualities of this place, the people he had encountered, their words and their lives. His hill patrols were the first and the most direct way in which a world he had always overlooked had opened to him. Those intruders on the hill farm that he had come upon often turned out to be his “relatives” or “clansmen.” This was something he had never known before; he had never known such a roundabout way of establishing kinship. At first he had thought that they were deliberately fabricating relationships in order to humour him. But actually that was only his own suspicion; to them it was simply the truth. As if he were their sister-in-law’s younger sister’s aunt’s husband’s uncle; or their aunt’s daughter’s parents-in-law, and so on and so forth….
To try to explain it was futile: no matter how you racked your brains you could never figure out what the kinship actually was or exactly how you were supposed to be related. But they, they spoke of it as if it was the most natural thing in the world, as straightforward and uncomplicated as the fact that every person had two hands, and each had five fingers. This was enough to surprise Zhiping. What was more, they assumed that such a relationship made their intrusions on the farm somehow legal, which totally flummoxed and shocked him.
Now Zhiping recognised that this arose out of precisely the same psychological context as with those who addressed him as “uncle”; the thinking had a common source. These things inspired him to re-open his eyes to the society in which he existed, and he discovered that the world in which he made his home was actually fast enmeshed in a meticulously woven net. This net was formed of countless horizontal and vertical threads linked by one little knot after another. Each person was a knot, and the relationships between people were the relationships between one knot and another. Every person bore the relationships between countless vertical and horizontal threads, and at the same time they were strictly fixed in place by them. You could not change your place, nor could you escape your status, like it or not.
Zhiping’s silent rage was now replaced by feelings akin to disappointment and depression.
When they came to the fork in the road Dingquan told Zhiping to wait for him while he went home alone. Before long, Dingquan came back. “Have they gone to bed?” Zhiping asked carelessly.
“Gone!” replied Dingquan dejectedly.
“Who’s gone?”
“The old man.”
“Gone where?”
“The hills.”
“The hills?” echoed Zhiping, in great surprise. “What’s he doing going to the hills at this time of night?”
“There’s always things for him to do,” replied Dingquan. “This is what he likes to do, it doesn’t matter what anyone else thinks or says to him.”
“Won’t he get lost?”
“If he could get lost, would he go? This isn’t the first time, you know. He often goes up into the hills in the middle of the night. He knows how to smell the leaves, how to feel the bark – he’d never get lost!”
Dingquan had to explain what was meant by “smelling leaves and touching bark” before Zhiping could understand. Apparently there were some trees that would grow in certain places and not in others. If you could tell the species of a tree by the smell of its leaves then you would know where you were. And the bark on the sunny side of a tree was rougher than that on the shaded side, so this was a way of telling directions.
Zhiping felt as if he was hearing an adventure story of explorers in Africa: it was so entrancing, so unusual.
And at the end of his explanation Dingquan added: “But even if you understood these tricks, you’d be totally lost up there.”
第六章

那晚,劉致平和饒丁全出了村子。走到有一條要進丁全家的岔道時,他說有點小事,問致平要不要到他家裡去轉一轉 。在深深埋在檬果樹陰下的他的家裡,父親饒新華,和哥哥福全,已經比他們先回來了。
在昏暗的煤油燈下,老頭兒獨自一個人,翹起一隻腳,坐在桌邊的長凳角上,靜靜地吹著旱煙。他的昏晦的臉俯沈著,視線由額陰下注視地面。這種姿勢在他是很不尋常的。因為在常人,這是表示生氣的情態,而生氣,和饒新華是很少能關連在一起的,尤其像今天,並且今晚,喝了足夠的米酒以後,更是希 罕。
「老頭兒吵嘴了——」
走出家裡時,饒丁全這樣告訴劉致平。
「跟誰?」
「福全。」
「怎麼沒看見他?」
「他在床上睡覺呢;人整個兒蒙在被裡。」
「為什麼吵嘴?」
饒丁全皺了皺眉,祇輕吐了一口氣。又走了一段路,然後才和致平說他家艱難的情形。在他,致平雖說也是個主人,不便說這種話的,可是這位少主人,丁全和他, 卻已慣熟得像自己的朋友,可以隨便談談什麼,不像在致遠前,需把某幾種心事隱瞞起來。
丁全邊走邊說:他的哥哥福全不喜歡給劉家當長工,願意出到外邊去種田;草橋有一家親戚,要把幾分田租給他種。可是,饒新華卻不讓他去。他瞧不起種田人。他說捏土塊的人沒出息。
「他要你們當長工嗎?」
致平問道。
「也不一定——他倒要我們學他的樣。」
「喝酒和鑽山?」
「酒,我是不喝的;鑽山,老實說,我也不喜歡!」
「我知道。你也想種田嗎?」
「假使有田種,也行!」
沈默了一會,丁全又說:
「種田總比當長工強!」
走了一段路,致平又問道:
「他們時常吵嗎?」
「時常!」
到了村裡,他們先辦理農場的事務——找開路所需要的工人。這,很快就找妥了。在某個工人家中,適逢有幾個人在閒談。其中之一,那是一個很多皺紋的老頭兒,他的黑牙,像馬一樣長。——這老者問致平:外國人幾時來收買農場的咖啡?接著,一個三四十歲的矮漢問道:
「聽說你們的農場一條山豬要抽取一腿,是不是你們拿豆餅餵牠呢?」
這矮漢,致平覺得很面熟,也許是那些常常進山獵取山豬的獵戶之一。這樣,像諷刺,像譏笑的話,致平是很常聽的。並且致平也知道:這種話,由它的性質,是無需乎回答的。這裡面,受壓迫者的反抗,和對異鄉人的排外的敵意,總很融合地混合在一起的。致平祇默默地,而且又和氣地看著他們。
「五世同居」的劉家,在本村,也是數一數二的大「夥房 」,在前清時,它也曾繁榮過一個時候,可是伴隨著征服者日人的上陸,這夥房便零落起來了。它那剝落的牆壁,和破陋的瓦甍 ,還有那荒涼冷寂的氣息,這一切都在說明一去不返的日子,和一部變遷史。很深的院子,是一式石砌的,在裡面右邊那個犄角,便是淑華的家。
致平這是第一次上淑華的家,而且又是在籠罩了神秘的,不透明的夜裡,這意識使致平稍微興奮起來。他的腳,落在甃石 上,那聲音,聽來也就有些異樣的。
時候還算早。他和饒丁全進去時,人們正耽溺在寢前那段最富情趣的談笑裡。淑華的母親頭一個看見,便堆起笑容迎了出來。人們也停止了談話,一齊站起來讓坐。
「怎麼不是出來吃飯呢?」
阿喜嫂笑瞇瞇地,慈祥可親。
「那倒用不著。我們有事呢。」
「不是找工人嗎?找齊了?這夥房裡,也有幾個人說要去。」
房子又深,又大;裡頭是廚房,鍋灶,水缸,廚具,和一切應用物器,雖都陳舊粗陋,卻被整頓得有條不紊。前邊這頭,靠壁放了張桌子,算是飯廳,裡面,壁和桌間,挾放了條大板凳。
致平和丁全被讓進大板凳上坐著。三四個由二十到三十幾年紀不同的男子,除開那瘦長型臉孔,貌像淑華的一個小伙子——這該是淑華的兄弟了!——這年輕人前次在牛車上致平曾見過一面——全是致平不認識的。
「淑華到隔壁人家去了。」
阿喜嫂抱歉似的說道。
「她不知道你出來,要不,她是會回來的。」
「她知道我要出來——」
致平話還沒說完,外面一陣聲浪,淑華進來了。她一邊嚷著說道:
「我當是不來了呢。」
「我從來不撒謊的!」
「還有往後呢,何必發誓!」
「不會錯的!」
「我記著你的話!你還有什麼事麼?」
「沒有!做什麼?」
「那好極了。我領你去見一個人!」
「誰?」
「不能說,你去見了就知道。」
阿喜嫂過意不去,打岔道:
「你看這女孩子,多放肆,才初次見面呢!」
「我們見過幾次了。」
淑華不服氣地說。
「越發胡說了!」
「當真我們見過幾次。」
劉致平插口說道。
「是真的呀?」
阿喜嫂丈二金剛,摸不著頭腦;瞪大了眼睛,看看致平,又看看淑華。
「走呀,人家在等著你呢!」
淑華催促起來。
「忙什麼,致平才到的呢,也讓他坐一會兒!」
母親再次打岔道;笑瞇瞇地。
「不!回頭你們再談吧;又還有丁全在這兒。」
淑華這種毫無顧忌的爽直和坦率,頗使致平難為情。他迷惑地看著阿喜嫂,猶豫不決。
倒是母親理解並同情年輕人的心,說道:
「這女孩子,越大越撒野了。——致平,那你就去吧;多半是瓊妹,就在隔壁。」
跟在淑華的後邊,致平猶是覺得臉熱。走到外面時,淑華說道:
「很漂亮的人呢;你出來不是要見她的麼?」
「是叫瓊妹的吧?」
「你認識她?」
「我哪裡認識她!剛才你母親不說了嗎?」
「就是她!你也見過一面的。你還記得吧,前些時,我和她在小坡上種番薯?剛才我叫她來,她不肯。」
瓊妹的家,在大夥房前頭,東面幾間又窄又小的瓦房。南臨大路;面前有一口洋泥 大水槽。
在瓊妹的臥室門前,劉致平不覺躊躇起來。他不知道是不是可以隨便就走進一個陌生的年輕女人的寢房裡去?然而這種顧慮,也只是剎那間的事情吧了。他感著自己也是莫名其妙的,輕微的心跳,隨在淑華之後,掀開半舊的竹簾,走了進去。
屋裡有兩個年輕女人,一個坐在床沿——這是梁燕妹,致平認識的;一個坐在僅有的一隻硬木凳上繡花——這該是瓊妹了吧?兩個人,都同時站了起來。「致平叔,」瓊妹溫柔地叫著。裡面的梁燕妹,忽然格格地好笑起來;態度隨便而且浪漫。
「笑什麼?騷貨」
淑華叫罵道。
瓊妹,致平雖說從前曾見過一次,可是那時候,相距既遠,又在匆促間,一時沒有看清楚。何況時間久了,印象也就模糊了,所以,此時猶似初次相見。
她和燕妹一樣,豐滿而且柔腴;是屬於貴妃型的。這和淑華的纖細、苗條,正好相反。稍圓的臉孔;雙瞼清楚;眼波溜動;雖然額門高了點兒,並且幾條青筋隱約可辨,然而致平卻覺得很美。
瓊妹把放在凳上的繡框收起,讓致平坐。繡框上,在剛剛著手繡起的白緞布面上,白鶴和牡丹,這在生活及習性上互不相關的動植物,卻被人工統一在一個意匠裡,發生著緊密的關係。
「繡得很好呀!常繡麼?」
致平瞥了繡框一眼,覺得滑稽。
「不!」
瓊妹羞赧地說;把繡框放進床架上。
屋裡的陳設,簡陋:竹床,窗前的紅漆櫃,和櫃上的梳妝盒,如此而已。
致平向瓊妹問起南眉,和她們的芎蕉園。瓊妹對南眉,似乎並沒有好感。她說:那地方她是住不慣的,什麼都彆扭。太陽一落,就陰慘慘的,好像什麼地方都有鬼似的。走幾步,又是福佬人 的村子,福佬話她又是一句也聽不懂。又說:那地方有一種怪病,誰也不知道那是什麼病,又是怎樣起因的。人一患這怪病,便遍身黃腫,流黃水,好不怕人!
瓊妹說話時,總是俯首視地,或看看自己的手掌,有時由眉陰下偷偷的向致平溜一眼。
致平發覺她也和淑華一樣一見面就管他叫「叔」,沒頭沒腦的。這像當頭一棒, 在猝然間,頗使致平有措手不及之感。這字眼在他腦際迴響起來祇覺到其生疏,勉強而多餘。又是什麼親戚呢?致平很覺納悶。他恰似被強迫喝了污濁的水而感到不舒服。
他們的談話,開頭以南眉為中心,先在它周圍繞了一陣,然後轉到別的話題上去。當致平提起在那山坡下他們初次見面的舊事時,瓊妹俯首微笑著。這種女性的柔媚的嬌羞,很使致平動心。這晚的聚會,留給致平很特別的感觸,那印象是深刻的。這是他生平第一次在女人的閨房中不受干涉的和異性促膝長談。每個人的性格和表情——燕妹的浪漫與火熱,瓊妹的溫柔與恬靜,淑華的直爽與豪邁,印到話裡去,使得談話帶起韻致,而饒情趣。
致平在那裡耽擱了很久的時間,便和燕妹一同告辭出來,仍由淑華伴送回家。走出外面,燕妹說了聲「明天見!」,便逕自去了。
外面,夜漸漸的靜下來。馬路上行人稀寂。大部分的人家已經熄燈就寢,大概是陰曆二十幾,五六分圓的月亮,恰好由東天昇出。
從正廳門口經過時,致平仰首看見廳門上懸掛著一塊匾大概是前清時代哪個府縣頒賜的匾子。一盞電力不足的電燈,朦朧地照出藍底黃邊的幾個金字浮雕「五世同居」。這匾子投給致平一個陰暗而寂寞的感覺。透過這幾個字,致平彷彿看見了人類那一部興衰隆替的生活史。
在淑華家裡又談了多大一會,出來時,已經是很遲了,村裡沒有一星火光。
「很夜了 !」
致平向阿喜嫂說;她把他們送出門口。
月亮昇起很高了,一切都很靜,一切都帶上銀灰色。山岡沐在月光中,又矮,又小,屏住氣息,像似睡著了。除開村犬的吠聲,和小兒睡不熟的啼哭,一切都沒有了聲息。
一出寬坦的村道,致平突口問道:
「淑華和瓊妹都姓劉呀?」
「姓劉。」
饒丁全回答。他並沒留心到致平的不自然的聲音,和臉孔的異樣的神色。
致平像嚥下一枚針;但也就不再問什麼了。饒丁全捕風捉影的給致平講述他少時所聽過關于「五世同居」的劉家的繁榮和零落的故事。在光緒廿一年日軍上陸台灣時,劉家那位英雄如何反抗日軍;那轟轟烈烈的事蹟,至今還為人歌頌著,傳說著。這位英雄,後來終于死在日人手裡……。
他們邊走邊談。清明的月亮,迎面照著他們的臉孔。饒丁全越說越有興致,為了自己說的故事而興奮著,黑的眼睛,精神地轉動著。相反地致平默不作聲,心事很重的樣子,他那蒼白的面孔,這時更顯蒼白了。
抗日英雄的故事,雖也使致平感動,但並未能捉住致平全部的思想,他更大更多地關心著另外一件事。
淑華稱呼他「叔」,起初,他覺得意外,不解。這是怎麼回事呢?對此,他第一個解釋是:嫂嫂的親戚。這是應該稱他為叔的。再次是姑表,或者姨表兄弟的兒女輩;這也應該稱他為叔的。不過這二者是異姓,是族外人。倘使這些都不是,則還有——這也是最後的,那就是:嫡兄或者堂兄的兒女,即他的姪子輩。這樣的姪子就很多,而都稱呼他為「叔」。然而他們都在下庄老家。除開這幾種還有什麼呢?後來他也想到同姓。但是在受過現代教育的洗禮,宗法倫理的觀念淡到幾近於零的致平,甚至連這種想法都認為是滑稽,不通而愚蠢。
今晚,他為了找工人,訪問了村子好些人家,發見了有更多的人都對他同樣稱呼。這裡有男人,有女人,有小孩,也有老頭兒,使致平大大地吃驚,而且感到困惑。到了這時候,他被迫回到那自己認為不可能的想法:大概他們是同姓。
現在,這想法已得到證實了,但是他的驚愕和惶惑祇有更大,更深。他想起了那些人管自己叫「叔」時的聲音和神態,是那樣的自然而毫無矯飾。看上去,似乎他們都認為自己那樣做才是對的,是天經地義的,不為謙遜,也不為諂媚。他想起當一個鬚髮全白,已老得當得起他的爺爺的老頭兒,帶著尊敬的神氣管他叫叔時,他是如何的驚惶失措。他震駭得幾乎氣也透不過來,彷彿坐在針氈上,好不舒服。而這都祇為了彼此腦袋上頂著同樣一個字,如此而已!在彼此完全陌生,而毫無痛癢關係的人們之間,一種血緣的紐帶,一種神聖的關係,被迅速建立起來了。它是和平,但強制; 是親切,但盲目。在致平,這個「叔」,便意味著一道牆。人們硬把他放進那裡面去,要他生活和呼吸都局限在那圈子裡;而這又都是致平所不願意的,他也不明白自己何以會有這種思想,這種反應是很奇特的。對于淑華和瓊妹,致平根本就不曾打算過要怎樣,所以她們之是否和自己同姓,應該就沒有問題。但話雖如此,卻無法否認此時在致平心裡所發生的反感。好像發見有人在侵害他的應得權利,致平感到一點無聲的忿怒。
致平原想和別的女人一樣,和她們隨心所欲地周旋,談笑。如果他愛,他就會得愛,不愛,他也會得不愛。這應該是他個人的私事,無需乎第三者來過問。現在忽然有一種外來力量插進他們的中間,硬要在這上面來規範他的行為。這就是干涉。這干涉是多餘的,是致平所不能接受的。
他重新想起這地方的特殊性,他所接觸過的人物,談論和生活。在這裡,巡山第一個而且用最直接的方式,給他打開了一直被他所忽略的世界之門。那些碰見致平的偷進山者,常常都是他的「親戚」,或者「本家」。這是他從來不曾知道的,他也不知道一個人可以這樣纏來纏去攀親的。起先他還以為是他們故意捏造出一個身分來敷衍他,其實這祇是他的懷疑,他們說的都是實話。他們自己說是:他的嫂嫂的妹子的小姑的丈夫的叔叔;或者是,他的姑母的女兒的婆家的親戚,諸如此類……
解釋是徒然的,你就絞盡腦汁,也無法弄清楚那是什麼親戚,和你什麼關係。但是他們說起來卻是心安理得,了無芥蒂,認為這是和人有兩手,手有五指一樣平順而自然。這就夠使致平吃驚了。加之,他們即以此身分,把自己進山看做一種合法行為,這尤其使致平驚倒而駭絕。
現在致平認識了這和人們叫他為「叔」的行為,完全出於同一心理背景,在觀念上同其源流。這些事情啟發了他重新對自己所生存的社會張開眼睛,然後他發見原來自己所棲息的世界,是由一種組織謹嚴的網兒所牢牢地牽罩著。這網兒由無數直系的線,和同樣無數橫系的線通過一個一個小結而連結起來。每一個人就是一個小結。每一個人對另一個人的關係,就是一個小結對另一個小結的關係。每一個人背負著無數的這些直系和橫系的關係,同時也由這些無數直系和橫系的關係所嚴密地固定在那裡。你不能更改你的地位,也不能擺脫你的身分,不問你願意,不願意。
於是致平在一陣忿怒之後,又感到一種近乎失望和頹唐的情緒。
走到那條岔路時,丁全叫致平在那裡等著,獨自一個走回家裡去。不大一會兒, 丁全回來了。致平漫然問道:
「他們睡覺了?」
「走了!」丁全憂鬱地回答。
「誰?」
「老頭兒。」
「哪裡去了?」
「山裡。」
「山裡?」致平大吃一驚。「在這時候進山幹什麼?」
「總有可幹的,」丁全說:「這是他喜歡的,誰也奈何不得他。」
「不會迷山嗎?」
「會迷山,還去?他這又不是第一次。半夜三更進山,在他是很平常的。他會嗅樹葉,摸樹皮,迷不了的!」
何謂嗅樹葉,何謂摸樹皮,經丁全一番解釋,致平才明白過來。據說:有些樹木,在某地方生,某地方不生,假使你嗅得出樹葉的味道,知道那是某種樹,你就知道你是在什麼地方了。又:樹皮向陽粗糙,向陰細嫩,方向就這樣分辨出來了。
致平像聽著敘述非洲歷險記一類的故事似的,既入神,又新鮮。
「可是,就讓你知道了,你也是一點沒有辦法。」
末了,丁全這樣補足說道。

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