23/10/2025
I thought I would share what we have been doing in our rapier classes recently: taking our more experienced fencers from ordinary to advanced level, i.e. from a+b=c to a+b can equal c, d, e ... depending on small variables in a or b
In the perfect fight the fencers would have a few exchanges, realise how perfect they were, stand back, salute, sheath their swords and step forward to shake hands and go off together to have a drink and congratulate each other on how brilliant they are. Such things rarely happen.
Tempo is a type of fencing timing and, in the below, I have misjudged the tempo to attack my opponent, and/or misjudged my opponent. This has given my opponent the opportunity to deflect my blade and have advantageous placement on it (a parry). Being in an extended position I have really limited the options available to me. In chess this would be equivalent to my moving my king back to be surrounded by my own pieces with one open line through which the opponent’s queen has put me in check. I have used all the time I had for my attack and given it to my opponent, I am not in a position to hit my opponent (I am out of measure) and my opponent is in a position to hit me (he is in measure).
If I did the normal thing and try to recover backward from the lunge it would be relatively slow compared to my opponent’s counter thrust and I would be lucky to survive. However, there is the smallest lack of momentum between my opponent’s parry and counter thrust and the only thing that is fast enough to take advantage of this is my hand. As the counter thrust (riposte) comes in, using my sword hand, I follow it and capture it (closing the line to the attack), turning my body slightly as I do so. This turning of my body serves several functions: it takes my body away from the incoming blade, it creates a stronger frame for my sword to act against my opponent’s blade and it shifts my weight slightly toward my back foot which re-primes my back leg for further forward movement.
I am now have what is known as a true tempo (time) to attack and, in that moment of time, I am in measure (a position where I can hit my opponent) and he is out of measure . Controlling my opponent’s blade with the lower stronger part of my blade and then my hilt and cross guard (quillon) I recover forward, continuing to control my opponent’s blade and continuing to stay in measure until I hit them.
If there were any variations in the positioning of the blades or bodies e.g. they had parried my blade lower, they had moved my point further off line, they had put more pressure on my blade, then my responses would have to adapt to those and could be quite different from what occurs here. In training exercises this means that it is imperative the opponent gives exactly the correct provocation for the other person to practice the given response.
In real-time situations it means that the answers cannot be found in fencing treaty x, chapter x, paragraph x, but in an understanding of the ancient and unmodified principles of fence and training your judgement, body and your sixth sense: proprioception, which is the instinctive and instantaneous knowledge of how and where your body is place within time and space.