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express an action which is caused to happen. In some words, when I have something done for me I cause it to happen. In other words, I do not actually do anything, but ask someone else to do it for me. This is the sense of causative verbs. There are three causative verbs in English: Make, Have and Get.

1. Make
‘Make’ as a causative verb expresses the idea that the person requires another person to do something.
Peter made her do her homework.
The teacher made the students stay after class.

2. Have
Subject + Have + Person + Base Form of Verb
This form indicates that someone causes another person to take an action. Have someone do something is often used to management and work relationships.

They had John arrive early.
She had her children cook dinner for her.

Subject + Have + Object + Past Participle
This form is used with services that are commonly paid for such as car washing, house painting, dog grooming, etc.

I had my hair cut last Saturday.
She had the car washed at the weekend.

3. Get
‘Get’ is used as a causative verb in a similar way as ‘have’ is used with the participle. This expresses the idea that the person wants something to be done for them. The causative verb is often used in a more idiomatic manner than ‘have’.
They got their house painted last week.
Tom got his car washed yesterday

VS. VS.

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Look, See and Watch are three related verbs that are easily . can use this page to understand the differences between these three verbs. Example sentences for look, see and watch will help you understand how to use these verbs.

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1. Look (At)
Use the verb look (at) to say that you or someone else looks with concentration.
- I looked at the trees in the distance.
- Tom looked at the picture and smiled.
- Sarah looked at her sister and smiled.

2. See
See is used to make simple statements. In other words, use see to note that you saw someone or something.
- I saw Tom at school yesterday.
- Did you see the beautiful sunset yesterday?
- Mary saw an interesting man while she was in Chicago.

3. Watch
Watch is used to express that you watch something in progress, something that changes over time.
- I watched the children playing in the park.
- She has been watching those birds over there for the past thirty minutes.
- What are you watching on TV?

Watch is similar to look at, but it refers to an action that takes place over time. Look at is used to refer to a single instance when someone looks for something specific.
I looked at the message on the billboard. (referring to looking at something once to understand)
I watched the debate on TV. (referring to a show that takes place over time on TV)

Is It OK To Say ‘Waters’?
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Welcome back to [Grammar]! It’s nice to learn with you!

When you began to learn the word ‘water’, you probably have heard from teacher that this word is an uncountable one. Easy to understand, right?
Because you cannot literally count water like any other liquid. But, but if I tell you that water does come in plural form?
In today’s [Grammar], we will learn several words that have different meanings when used in singular and plural forms.

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1. water VS. waters

Water is known as a clear liquid without color, smell, or taste that falls as rain and that is used for drinking, washing, etc. Usually, water is uncountable.

There is water all over the bathroom floor.

Pour boiling water over the rice and let it soak.

However, water can also come in plural form, and when it does, its meaning also changes. Waters are used to refer to a specific body of water, especially of an area of seawater, and tends to appear in more formal contexts and in literary contexts.

The boat sank in international waters.

Gray whales live in shallow coastal waters of the eastern North Pacific.

2. custom VS. customs

Custom refers to a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time.

It is the custom for the bride’s father to pay for the wedding.

The custom of naming women after flowers is becoming less common.

While customs is the official department that administers and collects the duties levied by a government on imported goods.

She was stopped at customs and questioned.

You won’t be able to take that through customs.

Airport Customs Declare Sign With Icon And Arrow Hanging From Ai

3. manner VS. manners

Manner is a way or method in which a thing is done or happens.

It seemed rather an odd manner of deciding things.

They behaved in a very reasonable manner.

Manners, on the other hand, is a set of polite or well-bred social behavior OR etiquette one follows.

The child has good manners

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On March 11th, 2020, the , officially changed its designation of -19 from an to a . This shift prompted a considerable number of people to turn to the , in order to find out the difference between these two words. So, What is the difference between them?

Origins of and
The element dem in epidemic and pandemic comes from the word , which meant or :

epi (among) + demos (people or district )= epidemic (among the people)
pan (all) + demos (people or district )= pandemic (affecting all the people

1.
A sudden increase in the number of cases of a —more than what’s typically expected for the in that area.
The city had to close to contain a epidemic.

2.
An epidemic that has spread over several or , affecting a large number of people.
Although it isn’t exactly known where the first originated, the 1918 is estimated to have affected -third of people across the .

Is Covid-19 an outbreak, an epidemic or a pandemic?
Unfortunately, since the virus has now affected more than 125,000 people worldwide, is in more than 100 countries, and is almost on every continent, COVID-19 meets the general criteria for a pandemic.

Summary
If the disease is spreading like wildfire, it’s an epidemic.
If the disease has already spread like wildfire and is currently massive in its reach and impact, it’s a pandemic.

cpd

Syllables could implicate

&

is between two persons. Most part of the includes and , requests and information. Dialogue is a exchange between two people. Dialogue is for purpose.

is talking between two or more persons. In talking you can say , even you can joke, you can tell a story, you can laugh. is informal of thoughts, information, etc., by spoken words; oral communication between persons; ; .

Conversation is , more-or-less , communication between two or more . Interactivity occurs because contributions to a conversation are response reactions to what has previously been said. Spontaneity occurs because a conversation must proceed, to some extent, and in some way, .

Using of ' ' or ' '

We can use 'must' to show that we are certain something is true. We are making a logical based upon some clear evidence or reason.

- There's no heating on. You must be freezing.
- You must be worried that she is so late coming home.
- I can't remember what I did with it. I must be getting old.
- It must be nice to live in Paris.

We also use 'must' to express a strong . When we use 'must' this usually means that some personal circumstance makes the necessary (and the speaker almost certainly agrees with the .)

- I must go to bed earlier.
- They must do something about it.
- You must come and see us some time.
- I must say, I don't think you were very nice to him.

We can also use 'have to' to express a strong obligation. When we use 'have to' this usually means that some external circumstance makes the obligation .

- I have to arrive at work at 9 sharp. My boss is very strict.
- We have to give him our answer today or lose out on the contract.
- You have to pass your exams or the university will not accept you.
- I have to send a report to Head Office every week.

In , we often use 'have got to' to mean the same as 'have to'.

- I've got to take this book back to the library or I'll get a fine.
- We've got to finish now as somebody else needs this room.

We can also use ' will have to' to talk about strong obligations. Like 'must' this usually means that that some personal circumstance makes the obligation . (Remember that 'will' is often used to show 'willingness'.)

- I'll have to speak to him.
- We'll have to have lunch and catch up on all the gossip.
- They'll have to do something about it.
- I'll have to get back to you on that.

As you can see, the differences between the forms are sometimes very small and very . However, there is a huge difference in the negative forms.

- We use 'mustn't' to express strong obligations NOT to do something.
- We mustn't talk about it. It's confidential.
- I mustn't eat chocolate. It's bad for me.
- You mustn't phone me at work. We aren't allowed personal calls.
- They mustn't see us talking or they'll suspect something.

We use 'don't have to' (or 'haven't got to' in British English) to state that there is NO obligation or necessity.

- We don't have to get there on time. The boss is away today.
- I don't have to listen to this. I'm leaving.
- You don't have to come if you don't want to.
- He doesn't have to sign anything if he doesn't want to at this stage.
- I haven't got to go. Only if I want to

and

Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object ( ) can form a personal passive.

Example: They build houses. - Houses are built.

Verbs without an object ( ) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal - therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive.

Example: he says - it is said

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in someother languages (e.g. , ). In , Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g.say, think, know).

Example: They say that women live longer thanmen. - It is said that women live longer than men.

Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. - Women are said to live longer than men.

The subject of the clause (women) goes to the beginning ofthe sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped).

Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence