The Online Architecture Professor

The Online Architecture Professor This page is dedicated to teaching architecture online. It invites architecture professors to share ideas and comments.

Architectural concept generation at university typically involves a multi-step process that encourages students to explo...
20/04/2023

Architectural concept generation at university typically involves a multi-step process that encourages students to explore a variety of design options and ideas. Some common steps in the process include:

Research and analysis: Before beginning the design process, students will often conduct research and analysis to better understand the project's context, site, and program. This may involve studying precedents, conducting site visits, and analyzing data.

Brainstorming and ideation: Once students have a solid understanding of the project's context, they will begin to generate ideas and concepts. This often involves brainstorming sessions and sketching exercises to explore different design options.

Concept development: As students generate ideas, they will start to refine and develop them into more concrete design concepts. This may involve creating more detailed sketches, diagrams, and models to better visualize the concepts.

Design iteration: Throughout the concept generation process, students will often engage in a cycle of iteration, where they test and refine their ideas through feedback and critique from peers and instructors. This process helps students to refine and improve their concepts over time.

Presentation and communication: Once students have developed a final concept, they will often create presentation materials, such as drawings, renderings, and models, to communicate their ideas to others. This may involve presenting their work to peers, instructors, and outside reviewers.

Overall, the concept generation process in architectural education is a collaborative and iterative process that encourages students to explore a variety of design options and ideas. By engaging in this process, students develop their design skills and learn to communicate their ideas effectively to others.

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يتضمن التصميم المعمارى في الجامعة عملية متعددة الخطوات تشجع الطلاب على استكشاف مجموعة متنوعة من خيارات وأفكار التصميم. تتضمن بعض الخطوات الشائعة في العملية ما يلي:

البحث والتحليل: قبل البدء في عملية التصميم ، غالبًا ما يجري الطلاب البحث والتحليل لفهم سياق المشروع وموقعه وبرنامجه بشكل أفضل. قد يشمل ذلك دراسة مشروعات سابقة مماثلة وإجراء زيارات ميدانية وتحليل البيانات.

العصف الذهني والتفكير: بمجرد أن يكون لدى الطلاب فهم قوي لسياق المشروع ، سيبدأون في توليد الأفكار والمفاهيم. غالبًا ما يتضمن ذلك جلسات العصف الذهني ورسم الاسكتتشات لاستكشاف خيارات التصميم المختلفة.

تطوير المفهوم: عندما يقوم الطلاب بتوليد الأفكار ، سيبدأون في صقلها وتطويرها إلى مفاهيم تصميم أكثر واقعية. قد يتضمن ذلك إنشاء رسومات تخطيطية ومخططات ونماذج أكثر تفصيلاً لتصور المفاهيم بشكل أفضل.

تكرار التصميم: خلال عملية إنشاء المفهوم ، غالبًا ما يشارك الطلاب في دورة من التكرار ، حيث يختبرون أفكارهم وتنقيحها من خلال التعليقات والنقد من الزملاء والمدربين. تساعد هذه العملية الطلاب على صقل وتحسين مفاهيمهم بمرور الوقت.

العرض التقديمي والاتصال: بمجرد أن يطور الطلاب مفهومًا نهائيًا ، فغالبًا ما يقومون بإنشاء مواد عرض تقديمي ، مثل الرسومات والعروض والنماذج ، لتوصيل أفكارهم للآخرين. قد يشمل ذلك تقديم عملهم إلى الزملاء والمدرسين والمراجعين الخارجيين.

بشكل عام ، تعد عملية التصميم في التعليم المعماري عملية تعاونية وتكرارية تشجع الطلاب على استكشاف مجموعة متنوعة من خيارات التصميم والأفكار. من خلال الانخراط في هذه العملية ، يطور الطلاب مهاراتهم في التصميم ويتعلمون توصيل أفكارهم بشكل فعال للآخرين.

12/02/2023

The Architectural Design Studio Jury
In our continuous effort to improve our design education, one of the most important elements of design education, namely the Design Studio Jury, needs to be reconsidered. I will highlight some important issues regarding the Design Studio Jury and raise some important questions that we need to consider in order to develop a strategy that allows us to improve our jury activities and design education. We must achieve a "sound" and "fair" system that governs this unique and important part of our architectural design education.
The Design Studio Jury
The design studio jury is an important part of the design studio activities which include:
• Tutoring of individual students: Each student requires from 15 to 20 minutes of individual tutoring every design studio session to discuss and correct his or her design project solution. Architectural design tutoring is made on a one-to-one basis. Each student is developing his or her own idea regarding the design project. Each student requires individual tutoring regarding his or her design understanding, intentions, concept, solutions, presentation and communication. Projects evolve through several stages of design development. Each design stage requires formal revision and feedback from all studio instructors (together) to agree upon and exchange ideas regarding each student's design solution. Each student discusses the development of his or her design solution with one or more design instructors at every design studio for 15 to 20 minutes. Every week or two an internal jury involving all students and all studio instructors is conducted to provide each student with comprehensive feedback regarding his or her design solution and share instructors' and students' views and comments regarding the design projects. This is an important stage because each student is developing "his or her own ideas" with the assistance of the design instructors. Their projects don't necessarily agree with each instructor's preferences. That's why design studio instructors need to know each other's views and assist all students in a coherent way.
• Lectures and seminars: A weekly lecture is required to introduce design theories and methods, discuss reading material, students' research findings and group activities. Lectures on design methods, design principles, presentation techniques, supplementary reading materials, lectures and guest speakers are important activities supporting the design studio. There are many announcements that need to be conveyed to all students at the same time to ensure that they receive the same message regarding submission timing and presentation requirements.
• The Jury sessions: There are two types of jury sessions; internal jury which is conducted weekly or biweekly to discuss the student's progress in a public form and get feedback from instructors and other students, and final jury which is conducted at the end of the design project to evaluate the final students' work.
Because most design courses do not have "examinations", the jury is considered the examination setting for design studios. The attendance of the jurors is as important as the attendance of the students. It is a long and exhausting process of reviewing tens of projects in a relatively short period of time. Asking questions in jury sessions is different from reviewing projects during studio hours. The questions should be brief, clear, and short to allow the student to speak as much as possible. Fatal design mistakes should be pointed out and the good aspects of the design should be stressed. The jury should not be turned into a "monologue" wasting the time and energy of other jury members and defying the purpose of the jury.
Jury format: In order to be able to finish the jury within a reasonable period of time and effort from students and jury members, three are many formats used in different universities for performing the jury; a) the student presents his or her project to all jury members and receives their feedback and comments (15-20 minutes/student), b) students are divided into two or more groups and each group is reviewed by a different group of jurors, c) students stand by their projects and jury members go around ask them questions and evaluate their work, and d) the jury is conducted without the attendance of the students with the purpose of evaluating the students work only.
Jury purpose: The jury is considered both an evaluation and educational process.
a) The evaluation of design is one of the most difficult tasks in design education. Due to the nature of design and the fact that there are many good solutions that a single project can have. The judgement is more "qualitative" than "quantitative" and each architect can find advantages and disadvantages in any design solution; even those solutions made by leading architects in the field. That is why there are "always" complaints from the students regarding their design course grades! Also, qualitative judgments change with time and what was considered acceptable and creative a few years ago is considered traditional and unacceptable today. There are many "schools of thought" in architecture, and each "school of thought" has its own values and priorities used for evaluation. The evaluation conducted during the final jury is made according to the educational objectives of the design studio and the course level. The evaluation should be based on criteria set by the studio instructor according to the nature of the project. The evaluation should be conducted by experienced instructors who can judge the student's development and the design project at the same time.
b) The jury is considered an educational setting where students learn how to communicate their design ideas and defend their views professionally and eloquently. They also practice the use of the English language in communicating their design ideas and projects. These are skills required for their professional practice. It is a setting similar to what they expect to confront in their daily professional practice experience. The juror should be able to evaluate this educational aspect and not only the project drawings. Architectural design is both a product and a process. And both aspects need to be evaluated during design education.
In order to achieve a sound and fair strategy for final jury sessions, we need to consider the following questions:
1. How many times should juries be conducted?
• At the end of every design project for every design course.
• At the end of the year, during examination weeks, for each design course for all design projects.
2. Who should attend the jury?
• All department members and students.
• Department faculty members and students.
• Department faculty members only.
3. Who should evaluate the student's work?
• A special committee that evaluates all design courses.
• Design studio instructors only.
• Department faculty members only.
• All department members.
• Outside jurors: architects with teaching experience in design studios.
• Outside jurors: architects with no teaching experience in design studios.
• Outside jurors: Clients of design projects.
4. What is the appropriate jury format?
• Students present their project to all jury members and receive their feedback and comments
• Students are divided into two or more groups and each group is reviewed by a different group of jurors.
• Students stand by their projects and jury members go around asking questions and evaluating the student's work.
• The jury is made without the attendance of the students.
5. How should the jury grade be calculated?
• The studio instructor should be solely responsible for the design studio grades. Jury members don't grade the students, they only ask them questions during the jury session.
• The jury grade is the average of all grades posted by all jury members.
• The jury grade is the average of all grades posted by design instructors' jury members only.
6. (Please add your own questions)?
• ______________________________________________________.
• ______________________________________________________.
• ______________________________________________________.
In order to provide our students with a meaningful educational experience we need to continuously monitor and reevaluate the components of our unique project-based teaching methodology in architecture education.
Dr. Yasser Mahgoub

06/07/2022

I’ve been reinterpreting my workflow from an all-analog process to a (mostly) digital process. The “drawing” I am showing, with all its warty layers, was a real digital conversation done in real-time over a virtual call. New conversation equals a new layer of sketching and notes. I am using Morpholio Trace if you are curious and I am really excited about how transformative this process has become for me. I should probably prepare an update on the website to get into it in more detail.

نتائج التعلمنتائج التعلم عبارة عن عبارات بسيطة تخبر الطلاب بما يمكنهم فعله في نهاية فترة زمنية تعليمية. وهى قابلة للقياس...
10/06/2022

نتائج التعلم
نتائج التعلم عبارة عن عبارات بسيطة تخبر الطلاب بما يمكنهم فعله في نهاية فترة زمنية تعليمية. وهى قابلة للقياس ويمكن ملاحظتها في كثير من الأحيان. عادة ما تتم مناقشة نتائج التعلم في سياق التقييم على مستوى البرنامج ، ولكن يمكن أن تكون مكونات قيمة لأي فصل بسبب الطريقة التي تزيد بها التركيز على تعلم الطلاب.

Developing Learning Outcomes

تفكيك الأنظمةتحدد الطرق المهمة للمعرفة في مجال ما من خلال "تفكيك شفرة" ما يفعله الخبير  وتوضيح العملية العقلية للخبير ، ...
10/06/2022

تفكيك الأنظمة
تحدد الطرق المهمة للمعرفة في مجال ما من خلال "تفكيك شفرة" ما يفعله الخبير وتوضيح العملية العقلية للخبير ، فك رموز التخصصات هي نظرية في علم أصول التدريس مع مبادئ لتحديد الاختناقات وفك تشفير المعرفة التأديبية الضمنية. من خلال المعرفة الضمنية الخبيرة "فك الشفرة" ، يمكننا إتاحتها للطلاب.

Decoding the Disciplines

التصميم العكسي للمقررات تقوم ببناء تعلم الطلاب بناءً على التقييمات المصممة عن قصد لتقديم دليل على أن الطلاب قد حققوا أهد...
10/06/2022

التصميم العكسي للمقررات
تقوم ببناء تعلم الطلاب بناءً على التقييمات المصممة عن قصد لتقديم دليل على أن الطلاب قد حققوا أهداف المقرر.

Backward Course Design

Examples of Active Learning Activities20 active learning activities. Explore the Venn diagram below to find out which ac...
26/02/2022

Examples of Active Learning Activities
20 active learning activities. Explore the Venn diagram below to find out which activities may work in small or large classes, and which ones may be appropriate for individual work.
أمثلة على أنشطة التعلم النشط
20 نشاط تعلم نشط. استكشف مخطط Venn أدناه لمعرفة الأنشطة التي قد تعمل في الفصول الصغيرة أو الكبيرة ، وأي منها قد يكون مناسبًا للعمل الفردي.

https://www.queensu.ca/teachingandlearning/modules/active/12_exmples_of_active_learning_activities.html

Course SyllabusDear colleaguesWhile writing your courses syllabi, you might find the following useful: A course syllabus...
29/09/2021

Course Syllabus

Dear colleagues

While writing your courses syllabi, you might find the following useful:

A course syllabus is an academic document that communicates information about a specific course and explains the rules, responsibilities and expectations associated with it. It provides students with a comprehensive description of the course's goals and objectives, assessment techniques and learning outcomes.

Course Aims: Aims tend to focus more on the intended results of teaching (what the teacher does), outcomes tend to focus more on the intended results of learning (what the student does).

Course Objectives: A course objective specifies a behaviour, skill, or action that a student can demonstrate if they have achieved mastery of the objective. Course objectives form the foundation of the class. Everything in the course should work together to ensure students master the course objectives.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs): Course Learning Outcomes are specific and measurable statements that define the knowledge, skills, and attitudes learners will demonstrate by the completion of a course. Learning Outcomes are written with a verb phrase and declare a demonstrable action within a given time frame, such as by the end of the course.

Some Active Learning Strategies to consider:

- Think Pair Share:
1. Students think independently about the question that has been posed. Give students enough time to form an idea or answer.
2. Students are grouped in pairs to discuss their thoughts. This step allows students to articulate their ideas and consider other perspectives.
3. Student pairs will share their ideas with a larger group. Students are more comfortable presenting ideas to a group with the support of a partner.

- Case Studies:
1. Provide the students with a real-world case for the students to study (e.g. a news article, an account of a decision or procedure, video, etc.). Alternatively, have students find their own case to examine.
2. Individually, or in small groups, have students analyze the case using guidelines and a framework provided by you (the instructor).
3. Have students present their analysis to the class, or require groups to turn in written answers. If presenting in class, try to facilitate discussion such that students connect the case with material in class.
4. After student analysis has been completed, ensure that the group has concretely discussed how the case study illustrates the application of theoretical or background concepts from the course material.

- Post It Parade:
1. Students are provided with a question or prompt for which they need to generate ideas, solutions, etc.
2. Give each student a few post-its, and have them write out 1 idea per post-it.
3. Students then post the post-its on the chalkboard or wall. Depending on the question or prompt, it may be useful to have them place the post-its in areas to group them by the topic, question, chronologically, etc.

- Round Table:
1. Have the class move their desks into a circle so that everyone can see each other.
2. The discussion facilitator poses a question. Each person, in turn around the circle, provides a comment. If a student does not wish to comment, they may “pass.”
3. Repeat for a variety of questions.

- Pro-Con Grid:
1. Pick a topic that lends itself to the idea of making lists of pros and cons/advantages and disadvantages for some issue (see pointers for suggestions). Break students up into small groups.
2. Have the groups come up with at least three points for each side. Additionally, let students know whether they should be putting their lists together in point form or full sentences.
3. Once students have had time to complete the activity, bring the class back together to share and discuss points on each side.

- Debates:
1. Divide the class in half either by (1) asking students to seat themselves in the section representing a particular side of the debate, or (2) dividing students in half by where they already happen to be seated.
2. Assign each half of the class a position on a topic or issue. Give students approximately 15 minutes to prepare an argument for their position. After 15 minutes, have each side share their position.
3. After each side provides their “Opening Argument,” each side must then prepare to respond to the opposition’s argument (give students approximately 10 minutes). This part requires members of the groups to carefully listen to and reconstruct the opposition’s argument.
4. After each side provides their criticisms of the opposition’s position, each group then has the opportunity to respond to the criticisms (give students approximately 10 minutes for students to prepare their responses to this as well).

Good luck.

مخطط المقرر

زملائي الاعزاء

أثناء كتابة مخطط المقرر ، قد تجد ما يلي مفيدًا:

مخطط المنهج هو مستند أكاديمي ينقل المعلومات حول منهج معين ويشرح القواعد والمسؤوليات والتوقعات المرتبطة به. يزود الطلاب بوصف شامل لأهداف المنهج وغاياتها ، وتقنيات التقييم ونتائج التعلم.

أهداف مخطط المقرر : تميل الأهداف إلى التركيز أكثر على النتائج المقصودة من التدريس (ما يفعله المعلم) ، وتميل النتائج إلى التركيز أكثر على النتائج المقصودة من التعلم (ما يفعله الطالب).

أهداف المقرر الدراسي: يحدد هدف المقرر الدراسي سلوكًا أو مهارة أو إجراءًا يمكن للطالب إثباته إذا حقق إتقانًا للهدف. تشكل أهداف المقرر أساس الفصل. يجب أن يعمل كل شيء في المقرر معًا لضمان إتقان الطلاب لأهداف المقرر .

مخرجات تعلم المقرر (CLOs): مخرجات تعلم المقرر عبارة عن بيانات محددة وقابلة للقياس تحدد المعرفة والمهارات والمواقف التي سيظهرها المتعلمون عند الانتهاء من الدورة. تتم كتابة مخرجات التعلم بعبارة فعلية وتعلن عن إجراء يمكن إثباته خلال إطار زمني معين ، مثل نهاية الدورة التدريبية.

بعض استراتيجيات التعلم النشط التي يمكن تطبيقها:

- فكر جمع اعرض:
1. يفكر الطلاب بشكل مستقل في السؤال الذي تم طرحه. امنح الطلاب الوقت الكافي لتكوين فكرة أو إجابة.
2. يتم تجميع الطلاب في أزواج لمناقشة أفكارهم. تسمح هذه الخطوة للطلاب بالتعبير عن أفكارهم والنظر في وجهات النظر الأخرى.
3. سيقوم كل اثنان من الطلاب بمشاركة أفكارهم مع مجموعة أكبر. يشعر الطلاب براحة أكبر عند تقديم الأفكار إلى مجموعة بدعم من زميل.

- دراسات الحالة:
1. قم بتزويد الطلاب بحالة من العالم الواقعي لكي يدرسها الطلاب (على سبيل المثال ، مقالة إخبارية ، أو سرد لقرار أو إجراء ، أو مقطع فيديو ، وما إلى ذلك). بدلاً من ذلك ، اطلب من الطلاب العثور على حالتهم الخاصة لفحصها.
2. بشكل فردي أو في مجموعات صغيرة ، اطلب من الطلاب تحليل الحالة باستخدام إرشادات وإطار عمل مقدم من قبلك (المعلم).
3. اطلب من الطلاب تقديم تحليلهم إلى الفصل ، أو اطلب من المجموعات تسليم إجابات مكتوبة. إذا كنت تقوم بالتقديم في الفصل ، فحاول تسهيل المناقشة بحيث يربط الطلاب الحالة بالمواد الموجودة في الفصل.
4. بعد الانتهاء من تحليل الطالب ، تأكد من أن المجموعة قد ناقشت بشكل ملموس كيف توضح دراسة الحالة تطبيق المفاهيم النظرية أو الخلفية من مادة الدورة.

- ملصق صغير:
1. يتم تزويد الطلاب بسؤال أو مطالبة يحتاجون إليها لتوليد الأفكار والحلول وما إلى ذلك.
2. أعط كل طالب بعض الملصقات ، واطلب منهم كتابة فكرة واحدة في كل ملصق.
3. يقوم الطلاب بعد ذلك بوضع الملصقات على السبورة أو الحائط. اعتمادًا على السؤال أو الموجه ، قد يكون من المفيد جعلهم يضعون الملصق في مناطق لتجميعها حسب الموضوع أو السؤال أو بالترتيب الزمني ، إلخ.

- الطاوله المستديرة:
1. اطلب من الطلاب نقل مكاتبهم إلى دائرة حتى يتمكن الجميع من رؤية بعضهم البعض.
2. اطرح للمناقشة سؤالاً. يقدم كل شخص ، بدوره حول الدائرة ، تعليقًا. إذا لم يرغب الطالب في التعليق ، فيجوز له "التأجيل للمرة القادمة".
3. كرر لمجموعة متنوعة من الأسئلة.

- الايجابيات والسلبيات:
1. اختر موضوعًا يفسح المجال لفكرة وضع قوائم بالإيجابيات والسلبيات / المزايا والعيوب لبعض القضايا (انظر المؤشرات للحصول على اقتراحات). قسم الطلاب إلى مجموعات صغيرة.
2. اطلب من المجموعات وضع ثلاث نقاط على الأقل لكل جانب. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، دع الطلاب يعرفون ما إذا كان ينبغي عليهم وضع قوائمهم معًا في شكل نقاط أو جمل كاملة.
3. بمجرد أن يتاح للطلاب الوقت لإكمال النشاط ، أعد الفصل معًا لمشاركة ومناقشة النقاط على كل جانب.

- المناظرات:
1. قسّم الفصل إلى نصفين إما عن طريق (1) مطالبة الطلاب بالجلوس في القسم الذي يمثل جانبًا معينًا من المناقشة ، أو (2) تقسيم الطلاب إلى النصف حسب مكان جلوسهم بالفعل.
2. خصص لكل نصف الفصل منصبًا في موضوع أو قضية. امنح الطلاب حوالي 15 دقيقة لتحضير مناقشة حول موقفهم. بعد 15 دقيقة ، اطلب من كل جانب مشاركة موقفه.
3. بعد أن يقدم كل جانب "الحجة الافتتاحية" ، يجب على كل جانب أن يستعد للرد على حجة المعارضة (امنح الطلاب حوالي 10 دقائق). يتطلب هذا الجزء من أعضاء الجماعات الاستماع بعناية وإعادة بناء حجة المعارضة.
4. بعد أن يقدم كل جانب انتقاداته لموقف المعارضة ، تتاح لكل مجموعة بعد ذلك الفرصة للرد على الانتقادات (امنح الطلاب حوالي 10 دقائق للطلاب لإعداد ردودهم على هذا أيضًا).

حظا طيبا وفقكم الله.

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