29/02/2020
بقلم مهندس عروة أحمد بابكر
يمكن الاطلاع على المشاركة الاصلية من خلال الرابط
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اتصالا لماسبق نواصل الكلام عن متى نستخدم الرشاشات المائية وإن كان الموضوع يحتاج لتطويل وتفصيل بحيث نتكلم عن كل نوع من المباني بانفصال ولكن يكفى هذا الاختصار غير المخل وإن شاء الله في مقبل الايام نفصل والله الموفق :
نعود لموضوعنا نستخدم الرشاشات فيما يلي:
1. أي بدروم في المباني الجديدة تجاوزت مساحته 232 متر مربع.
2. كل المباني الجديدة المستخدمة لاغراض الاسعاف والطوارئ والإنقاذ بعض النظر عن مساحتها او أرتفاعها.
3. كل المباني الجديدة التي ارتفاعها ثلاثة طوابق أو أكثر .
4. مناطق التخرين الخارجية المفتوحةالتي تكون مساحة التخزين بالمواد المشتعلة أكبر من المساحة المخصصة للتخزين بـ0.6 متر في عرضها ويستثنى من ذلك كل المناطق التي يخزن فيها بصورة مؤقتة كل من المواد التالية الصحف ،البذور ...الخ.
5. مناطق التجمع المشغولة الجديدة والموجودة مثل الاندية الليلية وما شابهها ومناطق المهرجانات واي مناطق تجمع مشغول واحدة او اثنين مشغولة باكثر من 300 شخص.
6. الغرفة الواحدة المتعددة الاغراض التي لاتقل مساحتها 1115 متر مربع و التي يمكن أن يكون منها جزء صغير محدد مكتب أو مطبخ أو ورشة او غرفة معدات..الخ.وصالات الجيم المدرسية وصالات المساجد ومافي حكمها وصالات الجيم عموما وصالات التزلج واحواض السباحة التي فيها مساحة للمرافقين والمتفرجين تتسع لاكثر من 300 شخص،والملاعب والساحات كساحات الملاعب المستخدمة للسباق والترفية والتدريب وتقييم الاداء والتي يكون ارتفاعها اكثر من 15 متر ودرجة الخطورة فيها منخفضة ، ومناطق الجلوس والتفرج بشرط ان تكون طفيفية الخطورة.
7. المسارح وكل الغرف الملحقة به .
8. مناطق العرض الموجودة والتي تتجاوز مساحتها 1400 متر مربع.
9. المرافق التعليمية التي تتجاوز مساحتها 1120 متر مربع.
10. المرافق التعليمية التي يتجاوز ارتفاعها اربع طوابق او أكثر.
11. كل جزء من المرفق التعليمية الموجودة والجديدة تحت مخرج الخروج .
12. في جميع اجزاء المرافق الطبية باستثناء خزانة الملابس التي تكون في غرف المرضى التي لا تتجاوز مساحتها 0.55 متر مربع .
13. الفنادق .
14. الشقق السكنية .
15. المنازل السكنية التي تخدم اكثر من ثمانية من المقيمين.
16. كل المباني العالية الموجودة التي يتجاوز ارتفارعها 23 متر من ادني نقطة من عربة الاطفاء.
17. كل مباني السجون والاصلاحيات بكافة أنواعها .
18. المواقع التجارية التي ارتفارعها اكثر من ثلاث طوابق أو أكثر و التي تتجاوز مساحتها 1115 مترمربع ،والتي تكون تحت مخرج الخروج وتتجاوز مساحتها 232 متر مربع وتستخدم لاغراض البيع او التخرين او الامداد وإن هي داخلة بالبند الاول.
19. المولات.
20. المخازن المكدسة بالبضائع التي تبع عن المواد المشتعلة والتي تتجاوز مساحتها 232 متر مربع، والمخازن العامة التي تتجاوز مساحتها 1115متر مربع وتحتوى مواد مشتعلة ،والمخازن التي تحتوى مواد بلاستيكية بارتفاع اكثر 1.5 متر ومساحة أكبر من 232 متر مربع،والمخازن الصغيرة المفصولة بحوائط مقاومة للحريق لمدة ساعة وتتجاوز مساحتها 232 متر مربع ،ومخازن اطارات السيارات التي تتجاوز مساحتها التخزينية 566 متر مربع،مواقع العمل الخشبي والنجارة من ورش وتبعات التي تتجاوز مساحتها 232 والتي تستخدم الاجهزة والماكينات .
21. كل المواقع الصناعية التي يكون ارتفاعتها ثلاث طوابق أو أكثر ،وكذا التي تتجاوز مساحتها1115 متر مربع ،وكذا اذا تجاوز مجموع مساحته بما فيذلك الميزنيين 2230 متر مربع.
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إذا افادك الموضوع فلاتنسانا بدعوة لي لوالدي بالرحمة والمغفرة.
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13.3.2 Where Required.
13.3.2.2 Basements exceeding 2500 ft2 (232 m2) in new buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system.
13.3.2.3 New buildings housing emergency fire, rescue, or ambulance services shall be protected throughout by approved supervised automatic sprinkler systems.
13.3.2.4 New buildings three or more stories in height above grade shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 13.3 unless otherwise permitted by 13.3.2.5.
13.3.2.5 Stand-alone open parking structures that are detached from other occupancies shall not be required to be protected by an automatic sprinkler system.
13.3.2.6.5* Sprinklers shall be installed under exterior projections greater than 2 ft (0.6 m) wide over areas where combustibles are stored.
A.13.3.2.6.5 Short-term transient storage, such as that for delivered packages, and the presence of planters, newspaper machines, and so forth, should not be considered storage or handling of combustibles. The presence of combustible furniture on balconies for occupant use should not require sprinkler protection.
Sprinklers are required to be installed under exterior roofs, canopies, or porte-cocheres where combustibles are stored and handled, but the provision does not define the quantity of combustibles that must be present. Paragraph A.13.3.2.6.5 clarifies that temporary storage, such as newspaper vending machines and planters, is not sufficient to justify sprinklers.
Another example of temporary storage that does not justify sprinklers is the presence of an automobile at a bank drive-in window or an automobile that parks under a porte-cochere to permit unloading luggage or to allow guests to check into a hotel.
The presence of combustible materials such as patio furniture, which might be of wood or plastic and might include cushions, is not sufficient to justify sprinkler protection for balconies that would not otherwise require sprinkler protection. However, judgment is needed, and sprinklers may be justified in cases where the balcony contains combustible loading, such as patio furniture where other ignition sources are present, including a furnace located off of, and accessed from, the balcony.
13.3.2.7 New Assembly Occupancies.
13.3.2.7.1 The following assembly occupancies shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 13.3.1.2:
(1) Dance halls
(2) Discotheques
(3) Nightclubs
(4) Assembly occupancies with festival seating .
13.3.2.7.2 Any building containing one or more assembly occupancies where the aggregate occupant load of the assembly occupancies exceeds 300 shall be protected by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13 as follows (see also 12.1.6, 12.2.6, 12.3.2, and 12.3.6of NFPA 101):
(1) Throughout the story containing the assembly occupancy
(2) Throughout all stories below the story containing the assembly occupancy
(3) In the case of an assembly occupancy located below the level of exit discharge, throughout all stories intervening between that story and the level of exit discharge, including the level of exit discharge.
A.13.3.2.7.3(1) It is the intent to permit a single multipurpose room of less than 12,000 ft2 (1115 m2) to have certain small rooms as part of the single room. These rooms could be a kitchen, office, equipment room, and the like. It is also the intent that an addition could be made to an existing building without requiring that the existing building be sprinklered, where both the new and existing buildings have independent means of egress and a fire-rated separation is provided to isolate one building from the other.
A school gymnasium with egress independent of, and separated from, the school would be included in this exception, as would a function hall attached to a church with a similar egress
arrangement.
(2) Gymnasiums, skating rinks, and swimming pools used exclusively for participant sports with no audience facilities for more than 300 persons
(3)* Locations in stadia and arenas as follows:
(a) Over the floor area used for contest, performance, or entertainment, provided that the roof construction is more than 50 ft (15 m) above the floor level, and use is restricted to low fire hazard uses
(b) Over the seating areas, provided that use is restricted to low fire hazard uses
(c) Over open-air concourses where an approved engineering analysis substantiates the ineffectiveness of the sprinkler protection due to building height and combustible loading
Protection shall be provided throughout the stage and in storerooms, workshops, permanent dressing rooms, and other accessory spaces contiguous to stages.
13.3.2.8.2 Any assembly occupancy used or capable of being used for exhibition or display purposes shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 13.3 where the exhibition or display area
exceeds 15,000 ft2 (1400 m2).
13.3.2.9.1* Educational occupancy buildings exceeding 12,000 ft2 (1120 m2) shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance
with Section 13.3.
13.3.2.9.2 Educational occupancy buildings four or more stories in height shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section
13.3.
13.3.2.9.3 Every portion of educational buildings below the level of exit discharge shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 13.3.
13.3.2.11.1* Buildings containing health care occupancies shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 13.3, unless otherwise permitted by 13.3.2.11.3.
With automatic sprinkler protection required throughout new health care facilities and quick-response sprinklers required in smoke compartments containing patient sleeping rooms, a
fire and its life-threatening byproducts can be reduced, thereby allowing the defend-in-place concept to continue. The difficulty in maintaining the proper integrity of life safety elements has been considered and it has been judged that the probability of a sprinkler system operating as designed is equal to or greater than other life safety features.
13.3.2.12.1 Buildings containing nursing homes shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 13.3 and Section 9.7
of NFPA 101, unless otherwise permitted by 13.3.2.12.7. [101: 19.3.5.1]
21.3.2.12.2 All high-rise buildings containing health care occupancies shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 13.3 within 12 years of the adoption of this Code, except as otherwise provided in 13.3.2.12.3 or 13.3.2.12.4.
13.3.2.13 New Detention and Correctional Facilities.
13.3.2.13.1 All buildings classified as Use Condition II, Use Condition III, Use Condition IV, or Use Condition V shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 13.3.2.13.2.
3.3.183.8.1.2 Use Condition II — Zoned Egress. A condition under which free movement is allowed from sleeping areas and any other occupied smoke compartment to one or more other smoke compartments. [101: 22.1.2.1.2]
3.3.183.8.1.3 Use Condition III — Zoned Impeded Egress. A condition under which free movement is allowed within individual smoke compartments, such as within a residential
unit comprised of individual sleeping rooms and a group activity space, with egress impeded by remotecontrolled release of means of egress from such a smoke compartment to another smoke compartment. [101: 22.1.2.1.3]
3.3.183.8.1.4 Use Condition IV — Impeded Egress. A condition under which free movement is restricted from an occupied space, and remote-controlled release is provided to allow movement from all sleeping rooms, activity spaces, and other occupied areas within the smoke compartment to another smoke compartment.
3.3.183.8.1.5 Use Condition V — Contained. A condition under which free movement is restricted from an occupied space, and staff-controlled manual release at each door is
provided to allow movement from all sleeping rooms, activity spaces, and other occupied areas within the smoke compartment to another smoke compartment.
13.3.2.15 New Hotels and Dormitories.
13.3.2.15.1 All buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 13.3.2.15.2.
13.3.2.17 New Apartment Buildings.
13.3.2.17.1 All buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with 13.3.2.17.2.
13.3.2.19 Lodging or Rooming Houses.
13.3.2.19.1 All new lodging or rooming houses shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 13.3.2.19.2
13.3.2.20.1 All new one- and two-family dwellings shall be protected throughout by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 13.3.2.20.2
In conversions, sprinklers shall not be required in small board and care homes serving eight or fewer residents when all occupants have the ability as a group to move reliably to a point of safety within 3 minutes.
13.3.2.22.1.3 High-Rise Buildings. All high-rise buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with 13.3.2.22.1. Such systems shall initiate the fire alarm system in accordance with 13.7.1.4.
13.3.2.23.1 Mercantile occupancies shall be protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13 in any of the following specified locations:
(1) Throughout all mercantile occupancies three or more stories in height
(2) Throughout all mercantile occupancies exceeding 12,000 ft2 (1115 m2) in gross area
(3) Throughout stories below the level of exit discharge where such stories have an area exceeding 2500 ft2 (232 m2) and are used for the sale, storage, or handling of combustible goods and merchandise.
13.3.2.23.4.1.1 The mall building and all anchor buildings shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13 and 13.3.2.23.4.1.2.
13.3.2.27.1 High-Piled Storage. An automatic sprinkler system
shall be installed throughout all occupancies containing areas greater than 2500 ft2 (232 m2) for the high-piled storage of combustibles.
13.3.2.27.2* General Storage. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout all occupancies containing areas greater than 12,000 ft2 (1115 m2) for the storage of combustibles.
13.3.2.27.3 An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout all occupancies containing storage commodities classified as Group A Plastics in excess of 5 ft (1.5 m) in height over an area exceeding 2500 ft2 (232 m2) in area.
13.3.2.27.4 Mini-Storage Building. An automatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout all mini-storage buildings greater than 2500 ft2 (232 m2) and where any of the individual
storage units are separated by less than a 1-hour fire resistance– rated barrier.
13.3.2.27.5 Bulk Storage of Tires. Buildings and structures where the volume for the storage of tires exceeds 20,000 ft3 (566 m3) shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic
fire sprinkler system. 13.3.2.28 Woodworking Operations. An approved automatic fire sprinkler system shall be installed in buildings containing woodworking operations exceeding 2500 ft2 (232 m2) that use equipment, machinery, or appliances; that generate finely divided combustible waste; or that use finely divided combustible materials.
13.3.2.29 New and Existing Day Care. Buildings with unprotected openings in accordance with 8.6.6 of NFPA 101 shall be protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 13.3.
13.3.2.30 New Industrial Occupancies. New industrial occupancies, other than low-hazard industrial occupancies, shall be protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with NFPA 13 in any of the following locations:
(1) Throughout all industrial occupancies three or more stories in height
(2) Throughout all industrial occupancies exceeding 12,000 ft2 (1115 m2) in fire area
(3) Where the total area of all floors, including mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 ft2 (2230 m2) .
NFPA1,HANKBOOK2015,PAGE 270.
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14/03/2020
02/03/2020
29/02/2020