Comenius

12/03/2014

History

1776: The emergence of methane discovers physicists and natural scientists Alessandro Volta the Italian at the anaerobic dismantlement of organic substances. He catches swamp gas in the mud of seas and makes burning tests with that.

1821: The English physicist Faraday identifies methane as hydrocarbon by experimenting with swamp gas. Avogardo discovers the chemical formula for methane (CH4).

1884: The French bacteriologist Pasteur also makes tests with biogas which was won from dung. He suggests to use the horse dung of the Parisian fleet of vehicles for the Parisian street lighting for the gas production.

1859: A first biogas pilot plant is set up in the Indian Bombay.

Beginning 20th century: Scientists find out that the methane formation is based on the activity of micro bacteria. First attempts to win biogas made of sludge are made. The produced clearing gas is used for the motor vehicles of the fleet of vehicles of larger towns.

Second World War: Due to the raw material scarcity, tests are made more and more to convert agricultural waste into energy.

After 1945: The farming is regarded as a potential supplier for biogas. The fossil sources of energy favorably available impede, however, an intensive further development.

1970s years: In turn biogas experiences an upswing 70 years because due to increasing prices of energy, alternative energies are promoted by the worldwide energy crisis .

1980s years: One reflects on himself this technology to the power generation after the two oil crises once more. Sappers from the farming as well as the trade build plants mainly to the Vergä ung of the arising liquid manures
1996: The framework directive decides for the current market liberalization with the specification the EU that every member country makes a minimum contribution to current from renewable energy to reach to 2008.

2005: The development of the biogas plants in Austria has experienced a very positive development since the turn of the millennium, caused by the environment-friendly power law. The first biogas one dish plant is taken away from oö by OÖ Ferngas AG and her subsidiary firm natural gas in Pucking into operation in June 2005.

2006: First biogas refuelling in Austria:„1996: The EU decides for the current market liberalization with the specification on the framework directive that tank (Compressed Natural gas with a 20 per cent amount of biogas) every Mitgliedsla bio CNG ".

2007: In the biogas plant Bruck a. d. Leitha starts a pilot project from biogas to the feeding into the earth gas network of the EVN in which at the processing the membrane method developed in Austria reaches use for the first time in a great scale.

http://www.gaswaerme.at/bbg

05/03/2014

05/03/2014

The solar cell works in three steps:
1. Photons in sunlight hit the solar panel and are absorbed by semiconducting materials, such as silicon.
2. Electrons are knocked loose from their atoms, causing an electric potential difference. Current starts flowing through the material to cancel the potential and this electricity is captured. Due to the special composition of solar cells, the electrons are only allowed to move in a single direction.
3. An array of solar cells converts solar energy into a usable amount of direct current electricity.

05/03/2014

Technic of wind
The wind is first "captured" by the rotor blades of the wind turbine, which sets the blades in motion. Through this rotation taking place then drives a generator which is located in the interior of the so-called nacelle. The principle is to compare such with a dynamo of the bicycle, because here a generator (dynamo) is driven by a rotational movement. The generator has in the course of the wind turbine a crucial importance, because he cares for the conversion of the resulting mechanical energy into electrical energy. In addition to these components, the wind turbine will also contain a gearbox. This is connected between the rotor and the generator, and has the function to regulate the speed of the system, which varies due to different wind strengths. Thereby the current frequency of the WKA changes (wind turbine).



Problems
Systems with one or two rotor blades require a more complicated construction with a tilting rotor (wobble rotor). The rotor must be pivotally to prevent excessive shock to the system, when the rotor passes the tower. Therefore the rotor is mounted on a shaft perpendicular to the main shaft (drive shaft) is and with this co-rotates. Masts (guyed constructions) are used usually only for small wind turbines (up to 10kW). When the towers (free standing buildings) are tubular towers they are built out of steel or concrete or lattice towers. Enforced are steel and concrete tubular towers. Pitch concept with doubly - fed induction with the concept with a doubly-fed asynchronous, this is not for the electrical total power needed , but only for the part of the comes from the rotor of the generator. These are only about 40 % of the rated power and the inverter may therefore be less.

http://www.einspeiseverguetung.net/windkraft-technik.php

05/03/2014

Technic of wind
The wind is first "captured" by the rotor blades of the wind turbine, which sets the blades in motion. Through this rotation taking place then drives a generator which is located in the interior of the so-called nacelle. The principle is to compare such with a dynamo of the bicycle, because here a generator (dynamo) is driven by a rotational movement. The generator has in the course of the wind turbine a crucial importance, because he cares for the conversion of the resulting mechanical energy into electrical energy. In addition to these components, the wind turbine will also contain a gearbox. This is connected between the rotor and the generator, and has the function to regulate the speed of the system, which varies due to different wind strengths. Thereby the current frequency of the WKA changes (wind turbine).

Problems
Systems with one or two rotor blades require a more complicated construction with a tilting rotor (wobble rotor). The rotor must be pivotally to prevent excessive shock to the system, when the rotor passes the tower. Therefore the rotor is mounted on a shaft perpendicular to the main shaft (drive shaft) is and with this co-rotates. Masts (guyed constructions) are used usually only for small wind turbines (up to 10kW). When the towers (free standing buildings) are tubular towers they are built out of steel or concrete or lattice towers. Enforced are steel and concrete tubular towers. Pitch concept with doubly - fed induction with the concept with a doubly-fed asynchronous, this is not for the electrical total power needed , but only for the part of the comes from the rotor of the generator. These are only about 40 % of the rated power and the inverter may therefore be less.

http://www.einspeiseverguetung.net/windkraft-technik.p

26/02/2014

26/02/2014

Five nations to guest on HANSE-Berufskolleg
Renewable energies for Europe's future

Spain, France, Romania, Greece, Turkey and German teachers and students from 6 nations met at HANSE-BERUFSKOLLEG to exchange in the Comenius project "Energy and Employability - Local Solutions for New Challenges", about perspectives, opportunities and prospects for renewable energy in Europe.
"With the 30 students and 14 teachers from our European partners we deal in this project with various renewable energies in the individual partner countries , such as wind and water power, solar energy and the energy production in biogas plants ," said Christina Tippelt , one of the project supervisors at the HANSE vocational college , the subject of the exchange.
In addition to the energy generation types , the history of renewable energy has been developed as Tippelt further explained . " In addition, we deal with the economic aspects of these forms of
energy" according to the project supervisor. The effects on the labor market are just as interesting as the respective country-specific conditions and generally the advantages and disadvantages of these forms of energy . The work results were recorded as presentations. "So this information is also available to non- project participants ".
"Because in our rural area , the biogas plant is a very good alternative to conventional energy we have focused this meeting on". The theoretical information on the operation and efficiency of such a system is in the process with a very interesting tour of the biogas plant in Lemgo - supplemented in Lieme . In order to be practical, water samples were taken from the stream near " Ilse" and examined for their biochemical parameters out by the project participants .
The exchange includes , of course, the culture , and finally the promotion of intercultural competence is an integral part of the Comenius projects . Thus, the HANSE vocational college has organized a day trip to Hamburg with a visit to the chocolate museum and a very impressive harbor cruise , so Tippelt. " We could bring the culture Lippes closer to our guests by visiting the town of Lemgo, with a very interesting tour of the Hexenbürgermeisterhaus , the visit of the museum and the Hermann monument. " Overall it was a very successful and harmonious week , "thus we are looking forward to the next visit in November in the French Agen "as Tippelt turned out finally .

26/02/2014

Advantages:
- effective climate protection
- high effectiveness
- biomass is created in an environment-friendly way
- provides new economic jobs
- improved fertilizer

Disadvantages:
- high costs
- hydrogen sulfide is toxic
- only gas proof systems are environment-friendly
- huge area is required
- no manure in the winter season

26/02/2014

- Biogas is created when natural waste is decomposed.
- Small bacteria create the biogas.
- This process has been done by nature for millions of years.
- The biogas will then be burned to produce energy.

19/02/2014

From 17.11. to 22.11.2013 the „Comenius Project – Energy and Employability“ took place in the france exchange school „Lycee Saint-Caprais“ in Agen.
Our tour group consisted of seven students from the „Wirtschaftsgymnasium“ and two teachers.
We had a great meeting with former participants of the project in Agen.
The whole delegation of participating countries (Spain, Greece, Rumain, Turkey, North Ireland, France, Germany) was greeted by the major of Agen.
The main topics were the technical and economical aspects of several renewable energies like wind, water, solar and biogas energy and energy from biogas.
We visited regional micro dams in Agen and experienced different aspects about the function. Moreover we had a trip to Bordeaux. The visite to europeans biggest wandering dune „Dune du Pyla“ was very impressive.

19/02/2014

How does hydroelectric power work?

First of all, the water is usually collected in large reservoirs. The water from these reservoirs often comes from mountain streams, but melted water is also used. The accumulated water is brought below by opening the dam locks; the water flows downhill like a natural waterfall and energy is generated.
The falling water is directed into pressure pipes, which end at a turbine which is driven by the floating water. The turbine is connected with a generator which produces electricity. The
electricity is normally used directly. Such hydropower plants are also called storage power plants since the reservoirs serve as both water and energy stores.
There are also water turbines which look like a wind turbine, but they are anchored to the ground under the water surface in the sea. The ocean´s current brings the turbine to rotate the generator to generate electricity. This electricity is routed to the mainland via the subsea power cable.