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Al Qur'an-القرآن , Eltville (2026)

02/10/2023

الأنْعـام
006 AL-ANAAM
(The Cattle )
Ayahs: 165
This is a late Makki surah, and it’s named Al An’aam, the Cattle, as it mentions the livestock that was used by the Quraysh, the polytheists of Makkah, to associate partners with Allaah (SWT).

It is Allaah (SWT) Who Has created everything, heavens and the earth, all are a sign for those who want to take heed.

They continuously demanded miracles and angels from the Prophet ﷺ. Angels are sent when punishment has to be carried out, as was done for previous nations. And if the angel was sent as a prophet as they wanted, then he would still appear in the form of a human, so that would beat the purpose of their demand itself.

If the disbelievers were to touch a book that was sent by Allaah (SWT) from the heavens, yet they would allege it to be magic, which was their accusation against the Qur’an as they could not comprehend how an illiterate man like the Prophet ﷺ present a work as that.

Allaah (SWT) comforts the Prophet ﷺ that the disbelievers do not reject him, but rather the message of the Qur’an, and similarly, previous messengers were rejected by their nations.

Ibraheem (AS) sincerely sought the truth, and so Allaah (SWT) guided him to Tawheed and saved him from polytheism. Mentioning him and a number of other prophets, Allaah (SWT) that they were chosen for his guidance, but if they engaged in polytheism then all their good would be rendered useless.

The polytheists had a number of innovations with respect to their livestock, such as dedicating some to Allaah (SWT) and some to their idols or prohibiting the young ones of the cattle upon their womenfolk to consume from. They are informed that the only foods prohibited are the ones that die prior to slaughtering, blood, pork, or those slaughtered in the name of other than Allaah (SWT). And the Jews were prohibited certain foods in addition to these as a punishment for their disobedience.

Before the revelation of the Qur’an, the Arabs used to envy the position of the People of the Book and the fact that they received revelation from Allaah (SWT). Now that the Qur’an was revealed to them, they were denying it.

The surah concludes with reminders that our prayers and every form of worship should be for Allaah (SWT) alone. And that Allaah (SWT) granted some people positions over others in order to test them.

02/10/2023

المَـائِدة
005 Al-Ma–idah
(The Table Spread)
Ayaahs: 120

This is a Madni surah, likely to have been revealed after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah in sixth Hijri.

The Surah derives its name from the table-spread that was sent down as a miracle to the followers of Christ.

The third verse of this surah is believed to have been the final revelation from Allaah (SWT) to the Prophet ﷺ, as it declared the completion of the religion and its perfection. This surahs details many of the permissible and prohibited articles for the believers, and steps for performing rites of worship.

Addressing the People of the Book, Allaah (SWT) asks them to believe in the Messenger ﷺ, who is a confirmation to what they had previously received. The Children of Israel are reminded of the time when they refused to enter the Holy Land, that is Palestine, as it was possessed by tyrants whom they were scared of fighting. Only two followers of Musa (AS) were willing to stand by him in this confrontation, and so Allaah (SWT) forbade them from entering for forty years.

The two sons of Adam (AS) – Haabil and Qaabil – are mentioned, where the latter killed the former and buried him following the example of a crow digging in the ground. And this serves to explain the prohibition of murder, unless for a just cause. Various capital punishments are elaborated upon, which in Islam are aimed at preventing the crimes and maintaining harmony in the society. The prohibitions on intoxicants, gambling, fortune-telling, and sacrifices to anyone other than Allaah(SWT) are stated. The sanctity of the Ka’bah and its surrounding region should be always respected and hunting is prohibited in its vicinity.

Allaah (SWT) repeatedly enjoins to judge by what He Has revealed and to not be swayed by the influences of the opposition, especially the Prophet of the Book who failed to uphold what was revealed to them. Special care must be paid to not prohibiting what has been deemed permissible by Allaah (SWT), as was wrongly done by previous nations.

Refuting the claims of Christians, whether it is calling Isa (AS) the son of God, or belief in the Trinity, Allaah (SWT) declares that both Isa (AS) and his mother, Maryam (AS) were human beings and bearers of truth. The followers of Isa (AS) wished to eat from food from the heavens, and they were granted it as a feast as well as a sign to witness the miracle of Allaah (SWT). On the Day of Resurrection, Allaah (SWT) will questions Isa (AS) if he asked to be worshipped by his followers, and he will plead ignorance of any such association, and absolve himself of their acts. Only the truth will prevail on the Day of Resurrection.

02/10/2023

النِّســاء
004 An-Nisa

(The Women)
Ayaah: 176
Surah An-Nisa is a Madni surah and it is thus named as many of the orders revealed in this surah are in the interests of womenfolk. This surah is significant from the view of Islamic jurisprudence, particularly with regard to aspects of civil law. Its emphasis is on justice, whether for the individual or at the community level, and the basis of that harmony is obedience to Allaah (SWT) and His Messenger ﷺ.

The rights of orphans have been elaborated and instructions given to ensure they are treated with justice and love under the care of their guardians. This surah restricted the number of wives to four that a man can be married at one time, else there was no limit prior to such a revelation. Consequently, many Muslims had to divorce their wives if they were married to more than four women. More laws relating to marriage, especially to protect the honor and rights of women, were revealed.
Inheritance laws have been detailed extensively in this surah, and it forms a major part of Islamic fiqh to ensure equitable distribution and flow of wealth in the society. The role of men and women have been distinguished, wherein the former has been responsible for the latter. In order to settle any disputes, the believers must always turn to those in authority and seek the judgment offered by Islam. Obeying the Prophet ﷺ is equivalent to obeying Allaah(SWT), and the two cannot be separated.

Punishment for the crime of murder, depending on the situation, is elaborated in the middle of this surah, deeming it a major sin. Fighting to establish justice in the land and to save the oppressed was enjoined upon the believers. Even in times of war, salah is not excused and the procedure of praying during times of fear have been explained. It is made clear that Allaah (SWT) will not forgive any association with Him, unless one repent from it.

The Hypocrites, who are opportunists and seek benefit with the favored party always, will face the most severe punishment in the Hell FIre.
The People of the Book demanded miracles from the Prophet ﷺ, but Allaah (SWT) informs him that they demanded greater from Musa (AS), by asking to see Allaah (SWT) with their own eyes. Further, it is clarified that Isa (AS) was neither killed nor crucified, but the People of the Book were deluded regarding him, and Allaah (SWT) raised him up alive. Allaah (SWT) refutes the concept of Trinity in Christianity, reminding that Isa (AS) was a faithful servant and prophet from Him.Mentioning a number of past prophets, Allaah (SWT) tells the Prophet ﷺ that he has been sent as a successor to them, and received revelation just as they did, such as the Zaboor to Dawud (AS).

The surah concludes with another case study of inheritance, thus signifying the importance of this body of knowledge by sealing the conversation with it.

01/06/2023

آل عِمران
003 Surah AAL-E-IMRAN
(Family of Imran)
Ayahs: 200

Revelation Place

Medina

Name
This Surah takes its name from ayah 33 of Al-i-Imran, like the names of many other surahs, is merely a name to distinguish it from other surahs and does not imply that the family of Imran has been discussed in it.

The Period of Revelation
This Surah consists of four discourses:

The first discourse (1-32) was probably revealed soon after the Battle of Badr.

The second discourse (33-63) was revealed in 9 A. H. on the occasion of the visit of the deputation from the Christians of Najran.

The third discourse (64-120) appears to have been revealed immediately after the first one.

The fourth discourse (121-200) was revealed after the Battle of Uhud.

Subject: Guidance
This Surah is the sequel to Al-Baqarah and the invitation therein is continued to the people of the Book. In Al-Baqarah, the Jews were pointedly invited to accept the Guidance and in this Surah, the Christians have particularly been admonished to give up their erroneous beliefs and accept the Guidance of the Quran. At the same time, the Muslims have been instructed to nourish the virtues that may enable them to carry out their obligations and spread the Divine Guidance.

01/06/2023

البَقَرة
002 Surah Al-Baqarah
(The Cow)
Ayahs: 286

Revelation Place

Medina

Name
Why the name Al-Baqarah?

Al-Baqarah (The Cow) has been so named from the story of the Cow occurring in this Surah (67-73). It has not, however, been used as a title to indicate the subject of the Surah. It will, therefore, be as wrong to translate the name Al-Baqarah into "The Cow" or "The Heifer" as to translate any English name, say, Mr. Baker, Mr. Rice, Mr. Wolf, etc., into their equivalents in other languages or vice versa, because this would imply that the Surah dealt with the subject of "The Cow". Many more Surahs of the Quran have been named in the same way because no comprehensive words exist in Arabic (in spite of their richness) to denote the wide scope of the subject discussed in them. As a matter of fact, all human languages suffer from the same limitation.

Sequence
Though it is a Madani Surah, it follows naturally a Makki Surah Al- Fatihah, which ended with the prayer: "Show us the straight way." It begins with the answer to that prayer, "This is the Book (that)...is guidance..."

The greater part of Al-Baqarah was revealed during the first two years of the Holy Prophet's life at Al-Madinah. The smaller part which was revealed at a later period has been included in this Surah because its contents are closely related to those dealt with in this Surah. For instance, the verses prohibiting interest were revealed during the last period of the Holy prophet's life but have been inserted in this Surah. For the same reason, the last two verses (284-286) of this Surah which were revealed at Makkah before the migration of the Holy Prophet to AI-Madinah have also been included in it.
Theme: Guidance
This Surah is an invitation to the Divine Guidance and all the stories, incidents, etc., revolve around this central theme. As this Surah has particularly been addressed to the Jews, many historical events have been cited from their own traditions to admonish and advise them that their own good lies in accepting the Guidance revealed to the Holy Prophet. They should, therefore, be the first to accept it because it was basically the same that was revealed to Prophet Moses (Allah's peace be upon him).

01/06/2023

الفاتحة
001 Surah Al-Fatihah
(The Opener)
Ayahs: 7

Revelation Place

Mecca

Name
This Surah is named Al-Fatihah because of its subject matter. Fatihah is that which opens a subject or a book or any other thing. In other words, Al-Fatihah is a sort of preface.

Period of Revelation
Surah Al-Fatihah is one of the very earliest Revelations to the Holy Prophet. As a matter of fact, we learn from authentic traditions that it was the first complete Surah that was revealed to Muhammad (Allah's peace be upon him). Before this, only a few miscellaneous verses were revealed which form parts of Alaq, Muzzammil, Muddaththir, etc.

Theme
This Surah is in fact a prayer that Allah has taught to all those who want to make a study of His book. It has been placed at the very beginning of the Quran to teach this lesson to the reader: if you sincerely want to benefit from the Quran, you should offer this prayer to the Lord of the Universe.

This preface is meant to create a strong desire in the heart of the reader to seek guidance from the Lord of the Universe Who alone can grant it. Thus Al-Fatihah indirectly teaches that the best thing for a man is to pray for guidance to the straight path, to study the Quran with the mental attitude of a seeker searching for the truth, and to recognize the fact that the Lord of the Universe is the source of all knowledge. He should, therefore, begin the study of the Quran with a prayer to Him for guidance.

From this theme, it becomes clear that the real relation between Al-Fatihah and the Quran is not that of an introduction to a book but that of a prayer and its answer. Al-Fatihah is the prayer from the servant and the Quran is the answer from the Master to the servant's prayer. The servant prays to Allah to show him guidance and the Master places the whole of the Quran before him in answer to his prayer, as if to say, "This is the Guidance you begged from Me."

01/06/2023

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Whether you are a seasoned scholar or a curious seeker, we welcome you to join us in exploring this magnificent book and uncovering its wisdom and beauty. Let's embark on this journey together and discover the endless treasures of the Quran!

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