09/25/2023
Week of September 24
Topic of the week: fractions as they relate to the acquisition of higher level math skills
1. I’m going to break this week’s topic down into two parts:
a) why a solid foundational understanding of fractions is important
b) my thoughts on why so many students struggle to develop this understanding
Firstly, why is an understanding of fractions so foundational to developing higher level math skills? The introduction of fractions in a student’s mathematical education signifies their initial exposure to ratios. And as their education continues over the course of their academic career, understanding and analyzing ratios is necessary in virtually every other math concept that a student will encounter (geometry, algebra, trigonometry, calculus), not to mention every aspect of the sciences (biology, chemistry and physics). A limited understanding of fractions (ratios) in early math education can lead to much more difficulty in grasping major concepts as a student’s education progresses, and may compromise their learning in all of these areas.
Next, why do so many students struggle with fractions? The first place to start would be to define what “fraction” actually means. In the most basic way, a fraction represents a part of something, or a portion of something that is whole. In essence, it is a representation of division, and in my experience, division is the basic mathematical operation that students struggle with the most. Couple that with the fact that many students have not yet mastered multiplication and division facts, or the ability to recall them with ease, and working with fractions becomes increasingly difficult. It has also been suggested in the research that many teachers do not have an in-depth conceptual and procedural understanding of fractions themselves, making it problematic to convey a deep understanding to their students. Of course, there are a multitude of things going on, but in my opinion, these are two of the major roadblocks that get in the way for many students.
Fractions are well known to be difficult to learn. Various hypotheses have been proposed in order to explain those difficulties: fractions can denote different concepts; their understanding requires a conceptual reorganization with regard to natural numbers; and using fractions involves the articula...