OT-2-Be Canadian Resources

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder:

Individual exposed to traumatic event where both are present:

Experienced/witnessed/confronted with event involving actual/threatened death or serious injury
Response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror
The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced through: recurrent or intrusive recollections, dreams, acting or feeling as if the event is re-occurring, or intense psychological distress
Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
Persistent symptoms of increased arousal

⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️Important: you need to be able to recognize between the obsession and compulsion sympotoms

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder:

Obsession:

Recurrent thoughts, impulses, images experienced at some time during a disturbance, which are intrusive and inappropriate, causing marked anxiety or stress
Thoughts/impulses/images which are not simply excessive worries (real life problems)
Individual attempts to ignore or suppress thought/impulse/image
Individual recognizes it is all a product of their mind

Compulsion:

Repetitive behaviour or mental act an individual feels driven to perform
These actions are aimed to prevent or reduce distress but are not connected in a realistic way
These actions are recognized to be excessive or unreasonable

Panic Disorder:

Characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks, where at least one is followed by:
Persistent concern of having another attack
Worry of implications of attack or its consequences

Change in behaviour related to attacks
Without agoraphobia (this is a panic attack)
With agoraphobia – symptoms of panic attack accompanied by extreme fear of being in a public place or outside the home

Panic attack is discrete period of intense fear (10 minutes) where 4 of the symptoms are present: palpitations, sweating, tremors, shortness of breath, feeling of chocking, chest pain, fear of dying, fear of losing control, dizziness.

Phobic Disorder:

Persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable, cued by presence or anticipation of specific object/situation
Exposure to phobic stimulus provokes immediate anxiety response
Individual recognizes that the fear is unreasonable or excessive
Situations are avoided or endured with intense anxiety or distress
Avoidance, anticipation, or distress in feared situation interferes with normal routine, occupational functioning, or social activities with marked distress about having the phobia

Transfer Techniques

Consumers often require assistance with transferring in and out of bed and
from one surface to another. Providers are at risk of injury if proper body
mechanics are not used during these transfers. There are several different
techniques that are used for consumer transfers.

Bed Mobility
Consumers who spend a lot of time in bed are often too sick to transfer
themselves in and out of bed and to change positions in the bed.
• If your consumer has a hospital bed, raise the height of the bed to your
waist height to avoid bending over.
• Help the consumer move to the side of the bed by rolling him toward
you.
• Support the consumer at the shoulders and buttocks area. To transfer
from laying down to sitting, instruct the consumer to push off the bed
with his elbow while you reach underneath his knees and assist him with
bringing his feet over the edge of the bed.
• Squat down as you lower his feet toward the ground.
Sit to Stand Transfer
• Place a gait belt around the consumer's waist to provide something for
you to hold onto.
• Do not hold the consumer by the armpit as this can cause damage to
her shoulder.
• Instruct the consumer to scoot forward toward the edge of the seat until
her feet are flat on the floor then place her hands on the armrests of the
chair or next to her sides on the bed.
• Stand facing the consumer, bend your knees and hold each side of the gait belt.

• Rock the consumer back and forth three times then, on three, instruct
the consumer to push up with her arms as you pull her close to your
body as you move into a standing position.
Stand Pivot
The stand pivot transfer is useful for consumers who can support most of
their weight by standing but are too weak to take steps to move from one place to another.
• Perform the sit to stand transfer.
• From this position, continue to hold each side of the gait belt and hold
the consumer close to your body.I.

HSS Training Academy 1
• Take small steps and rotate your body until the consumer's back is
facing the seat he is moving to.
• Slowly squat and lower him into a seated position.

Sliding Board Transfer
Sliding board transfers are used for consumers who are unable to bear
weight on their legs.
• From a sitting position on the bed, instruct the consumer to lean to the
side and place a sliding board under the consumer's buttocks on the
stronger side of his/her body.
• Position the wheelchair at a 90-degree angle to the bed.
• Remove the armrest on this side of the wheelchair and position the
opposite end of the sliding board on the seat surface.
• Place a gait belt around the consumer's waist.
• Assist her with shifting her weight from side to side by squatting in front
and holding each side of the gait belt as she scoots along the sliding
board.
• You can also perform this transfer by sitting on a stool in front of the
consumer.
• Once she is in the wheelchair, help her shift her body weight to the side
and remove the sliding board from underneath the buttocks.

IHSS Training Academy

- Mrs. D was admitted to the local hospital after sustaining a severe cerebral vascular
accident (CVA).
- The occupational therapist assessed her on the day she was admitted.
- Mrs. D's initial score (8/30) on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
suggested severe cognitive deficits.
- After 3 weeks of treatment, Mrs. D now demonstrates only a few motor deficits and
is able to complete all transfers safely. She is independent in most self-care and
grooming tasks.
- When spoken to, Mrs. D responds appropriately and is able to voice her needs
adequately.
- She is unable to recall her telephone number and is not oriented to time and place.
- Mrs. D is the senior vice president of a non-profit organization.
- She is the sole caregiver for her elderly mother and for her sister who is legally
blind.
- The interdisciplinary team is preparing for Mrs. D's discharge.
- Mrs. D states that her family needs her and that she feels she is ready to return
home.
- Mrs. D says that she is eager to return to work.

The occupational therapist notices that when reaching for objects, Mrs. D often
underestimates the distance. Which frame of reference should the therapist use
to address this issue?
1. Biomechanical.
🙃2. Sensorimotor.
3. Rehabilitative.
4. Cognitive-behavioural.

HappyOT month!

This #OccupationalTherapyMonth, we celebrate the vital role OTs play in helping individuals overcome physical, mental, and emotional challenges. Whether in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, or mental health and addiction treatment, occupational therapists empower people to regain independence, manage stress, and build new skills. By creating personalized strategies and adapting environments, OTs promote holistic well-being and help individuals thrive in their daily lives. #OTMonth #OccupationalTherapy #ABrighterFutureForMentalHealth

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