02/03/2025
Hi everyone, this week’s microbe monday will feature a popular guest known as Clostridium tetani.
This club shaped bacillus is the cause of the classic case of tetanus. They are commonly found in the environment, where there is soil, dust, rust or manure, and they cause infections by entering the body through open wounds and skin breaks caused by a sharp rusty or dirty object/metal. 🔬🩸
In an unfortunate situation where one is infected, the symptoms begin to show up on average just after a week. C. tetani symptoms are pretty deadly and painful, and consist of “lockjaw” or jaw muscle spasms, stiff muscles all over the body, difficulty swallowing, increase in blood pressure, fever, seizures and even serious respiratory or pulmonary issues. 1/10 cases in the US are lethal.
Luckily, C. tetani isn’t contagious, so it cannot spread from person to person, however the best way to stay protected is by staying updated with routinely tetanus vaccinations, especially for babies, children and pregnant women. There are 3 types of vaccines, DTaP for young children, Tdap for preteens and adults, and Td for adults as well. The D/d in these vaccines also indicate that they protect against diphtheria, and P/p in the abbreviations mean that they protect against pertussis or “whooping cough”. Tetanus isn’t as common due to the various precautions taken, however if one is infected and not vaccinated for it, they must be taken to the hospital immediately and treated with human tetanus immune globulin (TIG). 💉
Sources:
https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/causes/index.html