Literature Study Point

07/01/2024

এখানে History of English Literature এর 2013 থেকে 2019 এই কয় সালের brief question solution করে দেয়া আছে।



**Exam Year - 2013

(a) Which poem is considered as the first English epic?

Ans: "Beowulf" is considered as the first English epic.

(b) What is the masterpiece of Geoffrey Chaucer?

Ans: "Canterbury Tales" is the masterpiece of Geoffrey Chaucer.

(c) What is "Humanism'?

Ans: Humanism is a philosophical idea that is related to the value and agency of human beings.

(d) Who wrote Gorboduc?

Ans Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton wrote
our first tragedy " Gorboduc".

(e) When was "The Preface to the Lyrical Ballads" published?

Ans:"The Preface to the Lyrical Ballads" was published in 1801.

(f) What kind of movement was "English Renaissance?

Ans: " English Renaissance " is a cultural and artistic movement.

(g) Who popularized 'the comedy of manners?

Ans: "William Congreve" popularized the comedy of manners.

(h) Who was known as 'the father of English Dictionary"?

Ans: Samuel Johnson.

(i) Who were the metaphysical poets?

Ans: John Donne,Henry Vaughan, George Herbert,Andrew Marvell and Richard Crashaw are called the metaphysical poets.

(j) What is Victorian conflict?

Ans: "Science and religion" is the Victorian Conflict.

(k) When did the Modern Era begin in English literature?

Ans: "Modern Era" was begun in English Literature in 20th century.

(l) Name the university wits?

Ans: The name of University Wits are John Lyly,George Peele,Thomas Kyd,Robert Greene,Thomas Lodge,Thomas Nashe and Christopher Marlowe.

**Exam Year - 2014.

A.During the reign of Edward -lll the outbreak of plague was known as the Black Death.

B.Morality play is a kind of allegorical drama having personified with abstract qualities.

C.Elizabethan Age is called the Golden Age of English Literature.

D.Edmund Spenser is called the Poet's Poet.

E.Richard Lovelace,Sir John Suckling, Thomas Carew,Robert Herrick are called the Cavalier Poets.

F.Liberty,Equality and fraternity was the slogan of French Revolution.

G.The Oxford Movement is a movement of High Church members in London.

H.William Holman Hunt,John Everette Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti are called Pre-rephaelties.

I.Stream of Consciousness is a narrative technique that relates the continues flow of thoughts and images in the mental process of a character.

J.An Absurd drama is a kind of drama that is mingling with the pleasantry of a comedy and seriousness of a tragedy.

K.Two essays of Eliot are "Tradition and the Individual Talent ” and “Hamlet and His Problems.”

L.Protestants are called puritan.They belief in Protestantism.They were anti-catholic.

**Exam Year - 2015

A.The year 1066 is important in the study of English literary history because at this age "Battle of Hastings" was started and a new age was started.

B.Each pilgrim told four tells in "The Canterbury Tales".

C." Areopagitica" is a prose work written by John Milton.It's theme were liberty,religious, political or civil.

D.The "Globe Theatre " was a theatre in London that was associated with William Shakespeare. It was built in 1599.

E.The year 1798 was a landmark in the history of English Literature because in this year a new age was started by the joint publication of Lyrical Ballads.The name of the new age was "Romantic Age".

F.Drama of ideas is a new kind of drama written by George Barnard Shaw.It deals with witty-humorous incidents.One best example of " Drama of Ideas" is "Arms and the Man" by GB Shaw.

G.Restoration took place in 1660 ans Charles-ll was restored in England Throne.

H.Age of Reason is also called the age of "Augustan Age".

I.Henry Fielding and Samuel Richerdson are called the pioneers of English Novel.

J.The nationality of William Butler Yeats is Irish.He was born in Dublin.

K.The "Oxford Movement " was a movement of High Church members in London.

L.The two cities referred to in the Novel "A Tale of Two Cities" are London and Paris.

**Exam Year - 2016

A.Geoffrey Chaucer is called the father of Old English Poetry.

B.Thomas More wrote Utopia in Latin.

C.Tudor Dynasty.

D.Four plays by William Shakespeare are

Hamlet,Othello, Macbeth, The Marcent of Venice.

E.The purpose of Milton behind writing "Paradise Lost" is "to justify the ways of God to men".

F."Pilgrim's Progress" is an allegorical work written by John Bunyan.

G.Satire is a literary attack on the follies and vices of an individual or a society with a view to correcting then through laughter and ridicule.

H.Alexander Pope is famous for his satirical poetry.His famous satirical poem is "The R**e of the Lock.He was a critic also.

I.French Revolution took place in the year of 1789.

J.William Wordsworth defined poetry as " Spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings... recollected in tranquility".

K.Industrialisation signifies the Victorian Age.

L.Emily Bronte,Charlotte Bronte and Anne are called Brontes.

History of English Literature

**Exam Year - 2017

A: Caedmon was the first religious poet of English Literature.

B: Waiting for Godot is a play written by Samuel Beckett.

C: John Donne,George Herbert,Henry Vaughan and Abraham Cowley etc.

D: "Comedy of Humours" is a new kind of drama that was invented by Ben Jonson.

E: Gulliver's Travels and A Tale of a Tub.

F: Wordsworth and Coleridge.

G: Wordsworth,Coleridge and Southey.

H: He was a political leader.

I: "Liberty,equality and fraternity".

J: Faerie Queene, and Shepherd's Calendar.

K: Pamela is a novel written by Samuel Richardson.

L: Daniel Defoe.

**Exam Year - 2019.

A.The masterpiece of Geoffrey Chaucer is Canterbury Tales.

B.The Year 1798 is a landmark in the history of English Literature because in this age a new era was begun by publishing Lyrical Ballads.

C.The name of the first tragedy in English Literature is Gorboduc

D.Beowulf is considered as the first English epic.

E.George Peele,John Lyly, Thomas Nashe, Thomas Lodge, Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlowe.

F.Thomas Norton and Thomas Sackville.

G.The glorious revolution took place in 1789.

H.Edmund Spenser is called the Poet's Poet.

I.Each pilgrim had to tell four tales.Two on the way to Canterbury and two on the way back.

J.Milton's Areopagitica is the greatest prose work of John Milton.

K.John Wycliffe is called the father of English prose.

L.Some modern poets are W.B Yeats,T.S. Eliot and W.H.Auden.

(N.B. 2018 সালের ব্রিফ এর উওর কমেন্টে দেওয়া হয়েছে।)

13/12/2023

The Hundred years war was a series of wars between England and France. This Wars occurred between 1337 to 1453.

At the beginning of the 15th century, Edward III was the king of England. He was the father of modern nationalism. He was determined to reign the former colonies of England. He was desirous to become the ruler of France too.
However, the French decided tthat a cousin of Charles, Philip should be crowned king.

On the other hand, the kings of England wanted independent possession. They claimed the crown of France from,1337.
Edward III declared a war against France in this year. He used a new weapon, cannon in this war. He defeated the French by using it.

The end of the conflict was never marked by a peace treaty but died out. However, many men were not keen on fighting as they were usually more concerned about farming.

To sum up, it can be say that Hundred Years War was actually a war of power and possession.

04/12/2023

** Write in brief about ‘Paradise Lost’.

: Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th century English poet John Milton.

The first version, published in 1667, consists of ten books with over ten thousand lines of verse. Asecond edition followed in 1674, arranged into twelve books with minor revisions throughout.

It is considered by critics to be Milton’s major work, and it helped solidify his reputation as one of the greatest English poets of his time.

The poem concerns the biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton’s purpose, stated in Book I, is to “justify the ways of God to men.”

08/11/2023

History of English Literature Suggestion 2023
Session: 2020-21

2nd Year, Department of English, History of English Literature Suggestion 2023 (Session: 2020-21).Other Subj...

08/11/2023

*** How does Johnson defend Shakespeare against the charge for the violation of the unities of time and place? [NU-‘17]

: Dramatic unities are the principles of dramatic structure relating to action, time and place. William Shakespeare does not follow these classical unities. He maintains only the unity of action. Dr. Samuel Johnson, a well known critic of the Neo-classical Period, defends Shakespeare’s non-observance of the unities of time and place. He argues that there is no fault in violating these two unities.

According to Johnson, Shakespeare’s violation of the unities of time and place is not a serious fault. He argues that only the unity of action plays an important role in drama. He thinks that an exact action can gain the popularity among the audience. And we are well aware of it that Shakespeare’s plays are rich in the use of the unity of action. Moreover, his plays have a beginning, a middle and an end. And these three parts help a play to become successful.

In case of unity of time, classical rule states that the action of a drama must be finished in 24 hours. But Johnson argues against this theory. He thinks that it is not believable to anyone that an action of months or years can take place within 24 hours. In this sense, according to Johnson, Shakespeare has no fault for the violation of the unity of time.

In case of unity of place, classical rule states that the action of a drama should play in a single place. But Shakespeare doesn’t follow this rule. So, he has been criticised by many critics for his use of many places in a single drama. Johnson replies to those critics that audiences enjoy real events occurring at actual places. They take the play’s performance as a real picture of reality. According to him, the highest part of the play is to represent nature and draw the life. Shakespeare uses several places in a single drama to represent the nature of real life. Therefore, in the view of Johnson, Shakespeare’s violation of the unity of place is not a fault at all.

It is said that Shakespeare was perhaps ignorant of the classical rules because of his poor learning. But Johnson welcomes his ignorance as a blessing in disguise. He thinks that had Shakespeare known those rules, English literature would have been deprived of the world famous creations of such giant genius.

From the above discussion, we may say, Dr. Samuel Johnson successfully defends Shakespeare’s violation of the unities of time and place. He wisely and logically proves that Shakespeare’s violation of these two unities is not a fault at all. Though he violates the classical rules willingly or unwillingly, his plays do not fail to get popularity in the history of English literature.

06/11/2023

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