English with Raafi Sir

English with Raafi Sir Learn English Simply

12/03/2026

English Suggestion HSC 2026
English First Paper Seen passage:
For MCQ, Question, Flow chart/ information transfer/summary - 35 marks
1) Artificial intelligence
2) Education aims to bring about positive Changes
3) Folk music/Lalon Shah
4) Zainul Abedin/SM Sultan/Novera Ahmed
5) Behula
6) Icarus
7) Gazi pir
8) Khona
9) The Negro
10) Leela Nag/Wangari Mathai
11) Frederick Douglas
12) Coal miners
13) Dream
14) Brojen Das
15) Nishat Mazumder
16) The Success of Kalsindur
17) Family relationship
18) Adolescents (Two passages)
19) Shilpi
20) Bullying
21) Training the mind
22) Spending
23) Stories of Gaza
24) Water water everywhere
25) The Greta effect
26) Before researchers become
Paragraph
1. Dream
2. Use and Abuse of Internet
3. Advantage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Classroom
4. An Ideal Student
5. Folk Music
6. Adolescence
7. Civic Engagement
8. Environment Pollution
9. Use and Abuse of Mobile Phone
10. Climate Change
11. Global warming
12. Modern Technology
13. Drug Addiction
14. Gender Disparity/Gender Discrimination
15. Food Adulteration
Completing Stories
1. The Golden Goose / Wonderful Goose
2. Two Friends and a bear
3. The Foolish Crow and the Clever Fox
4. The Liar Cowboy / Shepherd
5. King Lear and His Daughters
6. Unity is Strength
7. The Fox and the Grapes
8. Money cannot bring happiness
9. Where there is a will, there is a way
10. The dove and the ant
11. Dress does not make a man great
12. An honest woodcutter
13. Who is to bell the cat?
14. The judgment of a wise judge
15. Lion and the Mouse

Informal Letter/E-mail
1. Importance of Reading Newspaper
2. Sharing your plan after the HSC examination
3. Describing the scenic beauty of Bangladesh
4. Informing a friend about your preparation for an examination
5. Advising a friend not to share fake or baseless news on social media
6. Describing the book fair you recently visited
7. Writing a condolence message
8. Describing your visit to a historical place
9. Importance of Learning English / How to improve English Skill
10. Advice to Give Up Smoking
11. Importance of learning Computer
12. Thanking for Birthday Gift
13. Congratulation on Brilliant Success
14. Thanking your friend for Hospitality
15. The importance of games and sports/ Importance of Physical Exercise

Graph & Chart
1. Time Allocation of Students' Daily Activities
2. Mobile phone/Internet Users (Growth or Comparison)
3. Literacy/Illiteracy Rate in Bangladesh
4. Number of Overseas Students
5. Unemployment Rate in Bangladesh
6. Uses of Renewable Energy
7. The choice of profession among different educated people
8. The sources of air pollution of a city.
9. The number of people living below the poverty line
10. The sources of environmental pollution
11. The rate of population growth
12. The percentage of travelers using different modes of transport
13. The selling rates of books at a book fair
14. The percentage of a family's household income.

English Second Paper Suggestion HSC - 2026
Formal Letter
1. Multimedia facilities
2. Asking for permission to open an English language club/ Debating club/ Canteen/ Common room
3. Requesting sound systems in large classrooms
4. Ensuring safe drinking water on the college campus
5. Requesting improved computer laboratory facilities/ library facilities
6. Requesting action against antisocial activities
7. Asking for permission to arrange a study tour
8. Application for accommodation in the college hostel
9. Request to take action against unauthorized outsiders on the college premises
10. Application for changing one of the optional subjects/elective subjects
11. Request to prohibit the use of mobile phones by students and teachers in classrooms and exam halls
12. Application for issuing a Transfer Certificate (TC), testimonial
13. Request to enhance facilities in the library, common room, or classrooms
14. Application for repairing damaged road / bridge
15. Application for sinking an arsenic free tube well.

Report Writing (2nd Paper)
1. A report discussing how Facebook influences the lifestyle and mindset of today's youth
2. A report on the annual prize distribution ceremony held at your college
3. A detailed report on a devastating fire incident in a garment factory
4. A report highlighting the growing problem of food adulteration
5. A report on a tragic road accident and its causes
6. A report on the observance of various national and cultural days
7. A report on the rising prices of essential commodities
8. A report on the harmful effects of drug addiction on individuals and society
9. A report exploring the reasons behind students' failure in English
10. A report on your visit to the Ekushey Book Fair
11. Write a report on frequent load shedding
12. Write a report on the life of the slum dwellers
13. Celebration of international mother language day
14. Write a report on traffic jam in a locality
15. Write a report on cultural/ sports weak of a college
Paragraph Suggestions- 2nd Paper
1. Price hike
2. Moral values
3. Female education
4. Road accidents
5. Food adulteration
6. Use and abuse of social media
7. Pahela Boishakh
8. International Mother Language Day
9. Tree plantation
10. Globalisation Cause & Effect
Paragraphs (Cause and Effect)
1. How climate change is affecting the world and its consequences
2. Causes and impacts of large-scale deforestation
3. Reasons behind drug addiction and its harmful effects
4. Environmental pollution and the problems it creates
5. Price rise: causes and its impact on common people
6. Street accidents: major causes and their consequences
Comparison & Contrast Paragraphs
1. A comparison between village life and city life
2. Differences between junk food and healthy food
3. Online learning versus traditional classroom learning
4. Technical education and general education: similarities & differences

Composition- 2nd Paper
1. patriotism
2. Rivers of Bangladesh
3. students and social service
4. modern science in our daily life
5. Aim in life
6. Childhood memories
7. visit to a place of historical interest
8. drug addiction
9. population problem in Bangladesh
10. The unemployment problem in Bangladesh
11. Graffiti: the voice of the July revolution
12. Your favourite hobby
13. Deforestation
14. Female education
15. Environment pollution

Flow Chart
27/02/2026

Flow Chart

17/02/2026

ইংলিশে কথা বলতে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ এক্সপ্রেশনস!
* What’s up? – কি খবর?
* Carry on – চালিয়ে যাও
* My goodness! – একি!
* Oh, no! – এ হতে পারে না
* I’m at a loss! – কি বলবো ভেবে পাচ্ছি না।
* Oh! Come on – আহ্! একটু বুঝতে চেষ্টা করো।
* What about you? – তোমার খবর কি?
* I am simply going on – আমি মোটামুটি আছি।
* Talk sense – চিন্তা করে কথা বল।
* I am fond of you – তোমাকে আমার ভাল লাগে।
* I am impressed to see you! – আমি তোমায় দেখে মুগ্ধ হলাম।
* I’ll make you mine – আমি তোমাকে আমার করে নিবো।
* I am looking forward to seeing you! – আমি তোমার পথপানে চেয়ে আছি।
* Just still alive – এই আর কি, এক রকম বেঁচে আছি।
* What the hell are you? – তুমি কোন লাট সাহেবের বাচ্চা?
* What the hell are you doing? – কি ঘোড়ার ডিম করছো?
* Wow – বাহ্, দারুণ তো
* How come? – কি ব্যাপার?
* What a mess! – কি এক ঝামেলা!
* Oh s**t! – ধ্যাত্তেরি!
* Yes, go on – হ্যাঁ, বলতে থাক।
* Oh dear! – বলো কী!
* Pay attention! – মনোযোগ দিন!
* Definitely – অবশ্যই।
* Let it pass – ছেড়ে দিন।
* Obviously – স্পষ্টভাবে।
* I’m off – আমি গেলাম।
* It’s your turn – এটা তোমার পালা।
* Damn it – চুলায় যাক।
* What a surprise! – হঠাৎ যে!
* Go to the devil! – গোল্লায় যাক।
* What about you? – তোমার খবর কি?
* So so – মোটামুটি।
* So be it – তবে তাই হোক।
* Who cares! – কার কি যায় আসে!
* Oh! Come on – আহ্ একটু বুঝতে চেষ্টা করো।
* Excuse me – এই যে শুনুন।
* Not a bit – একটুও না।
* That’s fantastic – এটা সত্যি চমৎকার!
* Next to nothing – বলতে গেলে কিছুই না।
* Mind your language – ভাষা সংযত করো।
* Come to the point – আসল কথায় আস।
* That’s right – ঠিক বলেছেন।
* To be frank – খোলাখুলি বলতে গেলে
* Really pleased – সত্যি আনন্দিত।
* I am delighted – আমি আনন্দিত
* So kind of you! – আপনার দয়া
* Anybody home? – বাড়িতে কেউ আছেন?
* Keep quiet – চুপ কর।
* No entrance – প্রবেশ নিষেধ।
* It’s enough – যথেষ্ট হয়েছে।
* What happened? – কি হয়েছে।
* What an idea! – কি বুদ্ধি!
* Well done! – সাবাশ
* Indeed! – সত্যি
* How peaceful! – কি শান্ত
* Get lost – বিদায় হোন।
* Let me see – আমাকে দেখতে দাও।
* Oh sure – ও নিশ্চয়ই
* Who knows – কে জানে?
* Bulls**t! – বাজে কথা!
* But who cares! – কে ধারধারে!
* No more buts – আর কোন কিন্তু নয়।
* How so? – তা কি করে হয়?
* I think so – আমি তাই মনে করি।
* Calm down – শান্ত হও।
* Let’s have a look – চল দেখি।
* Let’s run away – চল এক্ষুণি পালাই
* I am getting wet – আমি ভিজে যাচ্ছি।
* I don’t care! – আমার কিছু যায় আসে না।
* How else? – আর কিভাবে?
* Little by little – ক্রমান্বয়ে
* Is it so? – তাই নাকি!
* If you do case – যদি আপনি চান?
* I am simply going on – আমি মোটামুটি আছি।
* Have a good day – ভাল একটি দিন কাটাও।
* Let’s sit somewhere – চল কোথাও বসি।
* So far so good – এ পর্যন্ত সবই ভাল।
* I tend to think – আমার কেন যেন মনে হয়।
* I suppose so – আমিও সেটা ধারণা করছি।
* I don’t mind – আমি কিছু মনে করি না।
* If so, so what – যদি তাই হও, তাতে কি।
* Keep your word – তোমার কথা রেখ।
* Nothing is impossible – কোন কিছুই অসম্ভব নয়।
* Whatever (you want) – তুমি যা চাও।
* Whatever you do – তুমি যা কর।
* Why should I care? – কেন আমি পরোয়া করব?
* Something else – অন্য কিছু।
* Talk sense – চিন্তা করে কথা বল।
* Don’t say anymore – আর কিছু বলো না।
* Forget it – ভুলে যাও।
* What a pity! – কি দুঃখজনক!
* Hold on – লাইনে থাকুন।
* Do it at once! – এক্ষুণি কর!
* Speak with care – সাবধানে কথা বল।
* How strange! – কি অদ্ভুত!
* By the grace of Allah – আল্লাহর রহমতে।
* How absurd! – কি বাজে বকছো!
* Good riddance – যাক বাঁচা গেল!
* Stand in queue – লাইনে দাঁড়ান।
* No smoking – ধূমপান নিষেধ।
* Let me digress – একটু ভিন্ন প্রসঙ্গে যাওয়া যাক।
* I swear I will – কসম আমি করবো।
* I gave up – আমি ছেড়ে দিয়েছি।
* Pardon me – ক্ষমা কর।
* It sounds good – তোমার কথা ভাল লাগছে।
* On the other hand – অপর পক্ষে
* Cheap and nasty – সস্তার তিন অবস্থা।
* Wow, What a sight! – ওয়াও! কত সুন্দর দৃশ্য!
* Enjoy yourself – আনন্দ কর।
* On my part – আমার পক্ষ থেকে।
* It’s my pleasure – এটা আমার জন্য আনন্দের।
* You deserve this thank – এই ধন্যবাদ তোমার পাওনা।
* I am fond of you – তোমাকে আমার ভাল লাগে।
* I am impressed to see you! – আমি তোমায় দেখে মুগ্ধ হলাম।
* Break a leg (Idioms) – তোমার জন্য শুভ কামনা।
* Tell the truth, Darling – সত্যি করে বলনা, প্রিয়।
* Dear, I wish you were mine – প্রিয়, যদি তুমি আমার হতে।
* I have got fancy for the girl – মেয়েটি আমার মন কেড়েছে।
* Out of sight, out of mind – চোখের আড়াল তো মনের আড়াল।
fans

Tense
29/01/2026

Tense

25/01/2026
Solution to Paper-IIPart A: Grammar1.2.(a) the (b) a (c) the (d) an (e) (f) the () (h) the (1) an (1) a(a) in (b) as (c)...
14/01/2026

Solution to Paper-II
Part A: Grammar
1.
2.
(a) the (b) a (c) the (d) an (e) (f) the () (h) the (1) an (1) a
(a) in (b) as (c) in (d) of (e) of (f) in (g) as (h) for (1) to (1) in
3.
(a) have to
(b) would rather
(c) had better
(d) let alone
(e) as if
(f) as soon as
(2) What's it like
(h) What does a ghost look like?
(1) there
(1) was born
4. There could be many versions of correct answers. The answers given here should be taken only as examples.
(a) If I find any good hotel. I'll contact you immediately.
( b) I would understand the lecture better if the teacher explained the points with more examples.
(c) If I were she, I would go to Srimangal.
(d) The climate is getting hotter because of the greenhouse effect.
(e) Whenever I go out for a walk. I take my umbrella with me.
(1) I shall stay here untill you come back.
( g) The shoes were so expensive that I could not buy them.
(h) Her voice was too low for the people at the back to hear.
(1) We hired a bus so that we could enjoy a hassle free tour round the city.
(1) As I've already completed my studies. I'm thinking of applying for a full time position.
5.
(a) has been
(b) had
(c) saw
(d) did not explain
(e) felt
(f) has changed
(g) Involves
(h) will present
(1) have been working
(1) has decided
6.
(a) Once the province of a powerful prince was attacked by Talmur.
(b) What did he do when he entered the kingdom of the prince?
(c) No sooner had the prince heard the news than he came with a large army.
(d) Army surrounded the village on all sides.
(e) Taimur disguised himself as poor traveller so that he could survive.
7. "See Sancho," said Don Quixote, "See those thirty huge glants towering over the plain! I shall do the world a great service if I rid it of such cruel and greedy monsters as those glants always are."
"What glants?" asked Sancho staring about him.
"Why, those straight before you, with the long outstretched arms," his master replied.
"O Sir," said Sancho, those are not glants which are standing up there, but windmills. And their arms are nothing but the sails, which turn round when the wind bows and make the mills go."
8. At the Writing Centre, one can receive help on any writing assignment. You can make your writing stronger by discussing it with someone else. The discussions will lead to a greater understanding of the proper mechanics and style expected in academic writing. This understanding is an important part of the writing process, and the tutors spend a good deal of time making sure you understand the expectations of written assignments. Using the Writing Centre will definitely make your writing skills stronger, which will give you greater confidence for your next assignment.

9. There could be many verstons of correct answers. The answers given here should be taken only as
examples.
(a) last week
foi a famous athlete
(k) enough
(d) slowly
69 to save the cow
(e) that
Jackfruit
Seeing the damage in her new car
(b) very
naughty
10. There could be many versions of correct answers. The answers given here should be taken only as
examples.
(a) Firstly
(b) Besides
(Hence
(c) Moreover
(e) On the other hand
Finally
11. There could be many versions of correct answers. The answers given here should be taken only as
True that
(d) Not only that
b) However
As a result
examples.
(a) succeed
(bij unsuitable
(c) crack
(d) smooth
(e) unwrap
pointed
entrance
departure
(h) band
10 sharp
12.
Marte:
You're really fit. Paui. Do you exercise very much?
Paul
Well, I almost always get up early, and lift weight for an hour.
Marte
You're kidding!
Paul
No. And then go swimming.
Marte:
Wow! How often do you exercise like that?
Paul
About five times a week. What about you?
Marle
darling, don't be a potato couch".
Oh, I hardly ever exercise. I usually just watch TV in my free time. Often my mom says, "Marie
fadapted from Interchange 1. by Jack C Richards, Oxford University Press)
Part-B: Composition
13. The answer will vary. However, the answer here is only an example.
Dear Sir
I am pleased to place the following order with you in view of the Annual Sports Meet to be held in the first week of August. Kindly send the goods latest by the 28 of this month. Please also see that the goods supplied by you are of good quality and in accordance with the specifications quoted by you earlier.
Serial No.
Items with description
1. Cricket balis 2 dozen
2. Badminton rackets 1 dozen
3. Shuttle feather) c***s (duck 5 boxes)
4. Hockey sticks 32
5. Volleyballs 1 dozen
6. Foot balls 1 dozen
7. Badminton nets 3
The goods should be neatly packed and the parcel should be addressed to the Principal of the College.
Payment will be made immediately after the parcel is received.
Yours faithfully
Shudip Barua
Secretary. Sports Club
Model Town College,
Srimangal, Sylhet
Three killed in road crashes
14. The answer will vary. However, the answer here is only an example.
Sirajgonj. June 7: Three people were killed and 30 others injured when a bus plunged into a roadside ditch on the Dhaka-Dinajpur Highway at Strajgonj early Saturday. The deceased were identified as Fouzia Shikder, 60, son of Lal Mia Shikder of Keshabpur in Netrakona district, Khokon Mallik, 28, son of Shobhan Mallik of Bashgram in Kushtia district, and Wadud Ali Mridha, 70, son of Ashik All Mridha of
Ishwardi in Pabna district.
Locals said the accident took place in the area around 3:30 am when a Dinajpur-bound Tapan Paribahan' bus from Dhaka skidded off into a roadside ditch, leaving three people killed on the spot and 30 others Injured. The injured were rushed to Strajgonj General Hospital. Being informed, police recovered the bodies and sent those to the same hospital morgue for autopsy.
15. Answer will vary here and so model answer is not given.
16. The answer will vary and so model answer is not given.

13/01/2026

Test Examination - 2026 Question & ((((Solutions)))
English 1st Paper
Part A: Reading (60 Marks)
Read the passage and answer the questions 1 (A, B), 2 and 3.
Adolescents constitute a nation's core resource for national renewal and growth. Adolescence is a period in life when transition from childhood to adulthood takes place and behaviours and life styles are shaped. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), adolescence is the period which shapes the future of girls' and boys' lives. There are more than 31 million adolescents in Bangladesh; 13.7 million of them are girls and 14.3 million boys.
The situation of adolescent girls in Bangladesh is characterised by inequality and subordination within the family and society. This inequality leads to widespread practice of child marriage, marginalisation or exclusion from health, education and economic opportunities, and vulnerability to violence and sexual abuse.
In Bangladesh, the legal age of marriage is 18 for girls and 21 for boys. However, 33 percent of adolescent girls are married before the age of 15 and 60 percent become mothers by the age of 19. Research finds that adolescents with higher level of education and from more affluent families tend to marry at a later age. Boys, however, become ready for marriage only after several years of adolescence and young adulthood.
A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives.
a. What could be the closest meaning of the word 'core' in the first sentence?
i. Alternative ii. Subsidiary iii. Central iv. Minor
b. The phrase 'leads to' in the passage refers to ------
i. results of ii. results in iii. results from iv. results to
c. The synonym of 'legal' is
i. illicit ii. banned iii. prohibited iv. lawful
d. How many adolescents are there in Bangladesh?
i. more than 31 million ii. 30 million iii. 40 millions iv. 50 millions
e. The situation of adolescent girls in Bangladesh is characterized by -----.
i. equality and supremacy within the family and society
ii. inequality and subordination within the family and society
iii. freedom in speech and movement
iv. equality and cooperation within the family and society
B. Answer the following questions. 2 x 5 = 10
(a) What do the adolescent girls in Bangladesh usually face?
(b) What are the effects of female inequality in Bangladesh?
(c) How do wealth and education influence a girl's marriage?
(d) Why are the adolescents important?
(e) What is the condition of adolescent girls in Bangladesh?
2. Based on your reading of the passage and make a flow chart showing the situation of adolescent girls in Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you) 5 × 2 = 10

Inequality and subordination within family and society
2
3
4
5
6

3. Summarize of the following text: 10
His name was Jerry.... he had been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity".... It is bedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty.
The ax handle broke one day. Jerry said the woodshop at the orphanage would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said. "I broke it. I brought the ax down careless."
"But no one hits accurately every time," I told him. "The fault was in the wood of the handle. I'll see the man from whom I bought it. " It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a free-will agent and he chose to do careful work, and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge.
4. Read the following text and fill in the blanks with suitable words from the box. There are more words than necessary. You may change the form of the words if necessary: 0.5 x 10 = 05
inequality swell urban many resource coexist
transform also sustainable town and people
The world is undergoing the largest wave of urban growth in history. More than half of the world's population lives in (a) ---- and cities and by 2030 this number will (b) ---- to about 5 million. Much of this urbanization will unfold in Africa (c) ---- Asia bringing huge social, economic and environmental (d) ---- Urbanization has the potential to usher in a new era of wellbeing, (e) ---- efficiency and economic growth. Again, cities are (f) ---- home to high concentration of poverty. Nowhere the rise of poverty, (g) ---- etc. are clearer than in cities. Here wealthy communities (h) ---- along with poor people and slums dwellers. For this reason, (i) ---- nongovernment organizations are working with government to increase the welfare and (j) ---- of fast urbanizing communities.

5. Fill in the gaps using suitable words: 1 × 10 = 10
Every school student has to carry different sizes of backpacks loaded with various items from home to school or school to home, but very few of us think about the amount of loading and appropriate wearing method of backpacks. Carrying too much (a) ---- in the backpack and wearing it in wrong way can (b) ---- to pain and strain. Every school-going student has the individual (c) ---- capacity in regard of his/her body structure and fitness level. Recent (d) ---- on many school students reveals that they were (e) ---- from some health problems such as back, neck and (f) ---- pain, tingling arms, muscular weakness and imbalance. Most of the (g) ---- we usually ignore their such types of (h) ---- but the reality is serious. Sometimes these symptoms are so (i) ---- that they do not like to go to school, even most of the time they are (j) ---- to carry backpacks.
6. The following sentences are jumbled. Re-arrange them in proper sequence: 1 × 10 = 10
i. Moreover, she always has a positive attitude and encourages her teammates to work harder and do their best.
ii. She cries out in pain but it is unusual for her.
iii. As she licks her nutty chocolate chip ice-cream, she says, "Today I love basketball practice more than ever."
iv. Farah loves basketball and always looks forward to basketball practice.
v. But today she twists her ankle and falls down.
vi. One of her teammates runs to get ice for her ankle.
vii. The others help her off the court and she sits down to rest.
viii. The coach says, "As usual, I'm impressed with your attitude and team spirit. In honour of Farah, we should all go to get ice-cream."
ix. She enjoys the times with her teammates and follows her coach's instructions properly.
x. When the coach asks Farah if she is ok, she replies, "I'm fine. Ankle heals".
Part B: Guided Writing [Marks 40]

7. Write a paragraph on "Group Work" on the basis of the answers to the following questions in about 200 words. 10
(a) What do you mean by group work? (b) What are the benefits of group work? (c) When could it be more effective? (d) Does sometimes group work fall? Why? (e) How will you evaluate group work?
8. The following is the beginning of a story. Complete it in your own words. 07
Koli is a little talented girl of a village. All the times she dreams of becoming a famous singer. One day, she got a chance.....
9. Suppose, you are Afsana/Belal. You received a letter from your mother yesterday. In the letter, you were advised not to waste your valuable time surfing the Internet. Now write a reply to the letter. 05
10. Look at the chart. It shows fish production of Bangladesh in the fiscal year 2011-12. Now, analyze the chart focusing the main aspects (At least in 80 words). 10

11. Write down the theme of the following poem (Not more than 50 words). 08
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

1. A. (a) iii. stream (b) iii. stink (c) ii. The Mughals (d) iii. Jahangirnagar was once called Dhaka (e) i. Poisonous.

B. (a) I think the condition of the rivers of our country is horribly bad in shape. A few rivers are already dead and several of them are going through the miseries of death.
(b) The commercial value of the river Buriganga is very great. It supplies us with water and supports trade and commerce. Boats, ships and launches ply on the river. People move from
one place to another by using the waterway. (c) The Buriganga is described as an example of a dying river. It is because its water is widely polluted and a perpetual stench fills the air around it.
(d) Huge quantities of toxic chemicals and wastes from mills and factories, hospitals and. clinics and households and other establishments are dumped into the Buriganga everyday. Thus it is polluted.
(e) The Mughals marveled at the tide level of the Buriganga. Consequently, they founded their capital Jahangirnagar on the bank of the river in 1610.

2. 1. Physical and sexual maturation
2. Movement toward social and economic independence
3. A period of preparation for adulthood
4. A time of tremendous growth and potential
5. A time of considerable risks
6. A time of experiencing a wide range of adjustment and mental health problems

3. In the poem "Deathbed" by Imam al-Ghazali, the speaker describes death not as an end, but as a transition. He compares the body to a cage, and the soul to a bird that has flown away to freedom. The speaker believes that after death, the soul lives on in a higher, spiritual realm. He praises God for granting him freedom and life beyond the physical world.

4. (i) for (ii) it (iii) people (iv) When (v) is (vi) wants (vii) one (viii) what (ix) should (x) as.
5.(i) percent (ii) of (iii) to (iv) the (v) possible (vi) reducing (vii) goals (viii) eradicating (ix) education (x) However.

6. ii+vi+x+v+viii+iv+ix+i+iii+vii.

7. Man cannot live alone. He longs for company. I also have some companions who are my friends. Now I have three friends among whom Ruhullah is the best. For some reasons I like him best; his instant haughtiness and calmness, his merit, his sympathy and his unnatural feeling of love and affection Impress me most. He is a social server. He donates blood and makes others donate it regularly, Though he is sentimental, he has cool brain. He becomes happy. If anybody behaves well with him, and he becomes irritated if someone vexes (বিরক্ত করা) him. I understand his sentiment very much and so I am always careful of not irritating him, let alone being angry with him. Of course, he sometimes suspects me whether I am biased (পক্ষপাত দুষ্ট) or not. On the whole, I am getting on well with him so far. I hope, my relation with him
will be long lasting though we are from two different districts Jashore and Sirajgonj. I expect somewhat modification (কিছুটা পরিবর্তন) in his character. I believe slight patience will lead him to the pinnacle (শিখরে) of success...

8. One day I was going to college to take my final exam at 10 am. At 9, when I was 20 minutes away from my college, suddenly a sick old man fell down to the ground. I rushed to him instantly, and took him to a nearby clinic. The old man was seriously wounded. His forehead was bleeding. The doctor present there bandaged his forehead and prescribed some medicines for him. I bought necessary medicines from a pharmacy adjacent to the clinic. After 40 minutes 1 reached the exam-hall; I was 20 minutes late as I had to spend 30 minutes to look after the old patient. Though I was late, I was satisfied as I could nurse an old and sick destitute fellow.

9.
From: [email protected] To: [email protected] Subject: Congratulations Dear Ruhullah, First take my cordial love. I have just learnt that in the International photography exhibition you have won the first prize as a champion photographer. Dear, I am highly glad at this. Bravol 1 congratulate on your brilliant performance as an expert and naturalist photographer. Go ahead. You are not for halting (থমকে দাঁড়ানো) on the way. You are for saving prestige of our country. Ever yours
Tofazzel

10. The graph shows that reasons for study vary according to age group. 80% students under 26 years study for career, and 10% students under 26 study for interest. 70% students between 26 and 29, 57% students between 30 and 39, 40% students between 40 and 49 and 19% students over 49 years study for career respectively. Again, 15% students between 26 and 29, 24% between 30 and 39, 40% between 40 and 49. and 70% students over 49 years study for Interest respectively. The graph also shows that most students study for building up a career.

11. On the spur of the moment, if one does something, there will be a permanent sign of it. This sign is always Identified as bad effect. When the boy hammered the nails into the fence in anger, there were many holes in the wooden fence, and it was damaged for the bad temper of the boy. Therefore, we have to reign our anger to avoid unexpected loss. Sound temper makes sure that we must be victorious in future life.

26/12/2025

Writing Composition -2
10. A Village Doctor
A village doctor is a very familiar person in the rural areas in Bangladesh. He is usually known as a quack. He earns much popularity by dint of his friendly behavior and benevolent services to the suffering village people at the time of their dire need. Rendering service to them is a noble mission of his life.
A village doctor is not a qualified doctor. He treats patients with his long experience gathered by working as a compounder of a qualified doctor. He generally sits in a small dispensary attached to his house in the morning and evening. He treats the patients taking small fees. He often does not take fees from the very poor patients. He attends the call outside with great interest without considering his own inconveniences. He does not have any compounder. He himself gives medicines to the patients. He takes great care of his patients. If necessary, he spends even a whole night by the bedside of a patient.
A village doctor is usually not a rich man. So he cannot equip his chamber with requisite furniture and cannot keep costly medicines in his pharmacy. As such he cannot supply costly and important medicines to the serious patients. As a result, many patients die. Sometimes he prescribes wrong medicines that may often cause to the patients.
Ours is a land of a vast population. In comparison to our population, the number of qualified doctors is very small, especially in the rural areas. Moreover, most of our rural people are ill-fed and ill –clad. They can’t afford to pay fees to the qualified doctor. In such a case, a village doctor is highly helpful and essential to the poor and helpless villagers. So a village doctor is a great friend to the village people.
11. The Happiest Day In My Life Or The Most Exciting Day In My Life
Life is indeed a drudgery of routine. Normally we are unable to distinguish one day from the other. There are however some days that have a special significance for us, for example our birthdays or that of our near and dear ones. We do not easily forget them but look forward to them. Besides this, there is day, which is the happiest day of our life. It marks a turning point in our life, which we can never forget.
Ii was just last year when I had appeared for my ICSE examination and after a brief vacation had competed for the National Science Talent Search Examination. I had not done the science paper of the ICSE exams up to my expectations and was feeling quite dejected on this account. As the day for the announcement of results drew nearer my nervousness increased giving me sleepless nights. At time I had terrible nightmares that made my hairs stand on end. I knew my parents had great expectations from me and the thought of letting them down made me paranoid.
It was the tenth of May at about 10 a.m. my friend Mohan, rang up to inform that I had topped in the College. He had just seen the results from the internet site and had rung up to congratulate me. i was speechless, for so numb was I with apprehension, that his words did not immediately register. I was barely able to say ‘Thank you’ and gentle put the phone down. By this time my parents and sister were crowding round me to know what the matter was. I jubilantly told them about my result. What followed was just indescribable. While my parents kissed and hugged me my friend came around to congratulate me.
I was indeed enjoying being the cynosure of all eyes and kept pinching myself to ascertain that I was not hallucination. Just then my eyes fell on the daily newspaper which had been lying on the table, completely ignored in the commotion. No sooner had I turned the cover page when my heart skipped a beat, for Lo and Behold! Staring me staring in the face was the result of the National Science Talent Search Test. With shaking fingers, I scanned the roll numbers and to my surprise I found my number. I called out to my mother and within no time the news spread throughout the neighborhood. I had indeed become a star overnight. This was something I had just not anticipated, but it meant to me more than anything else. It was indeed a milestone towards my ambition to become a scientist.
Looking back I feel elated for what happened that fateful day which was the happiest day of my life. This day, which shall always be fresh in my memory for it was the turning point in my life.
12. CORRUPTION IN BANGLADESH.
(Anti-Corruption Movement In Bangladesh)
Corruption has become a social cancer in Bangladesh. It has appeared to be a threat to our national image. Both our personal and public life are more on less affected by it and have lost peace and happiness for the prevalent corruption in our country. It is an evil which is exposed as an open secret.
Corruption is dishonesty done by people in position of power. Nowadays corruption is rampant in basic services like education, public service commission, healthcare, business, taxation, administration, power, judiciary, police, land, etc. No sphere of our daily life is out of this evil practice. The government, business community, political system- all are in the clutch of corruption. As social cutes, it threatens all our democratic and development process.
Corruption has reached such a position that we are known in the world as most corrupt country. We have been consecutively four times champion corrupt country in the world. Even the donation from multinational agencies has been misappropriated by corrupt means. Nothing can be done without bribe.
Fortunately, our government has realized the fact and started campaign against corruption. Anti-corruption Committee has been formed who filed cases against the corrupt big guns. But the work of the Commission was not beyond questions. Moreover, it has been blamed to be weak and irresponsible. Politicisation has already made the weak and inefficient bureaucracy almost non- functional. It is difficult for us to believe that the Commission can take any strong decision against the corrupt people. However, people are now more conscious about his evil practice and so they are always seen to raise their voice against corruption of any type.
This malpractice should be stopped immediately. But it is not easy to root out corruption. Corruption is ingrained in human nature which seeks power and pelf in pursuit of happiness. Only a true moral education, honest upbringing and sincere belief in a perfect philosophy of plain living and high thinking can reduce the magnitude of corruption.
13. Price Hike/Price Rise
Price Rise is the bane of modern world. Pries of essential commodities go on rising every day despite the professed and genuine efforts of the government.
The main reason for sky-rocketing of prices is the unabated rise in population at an alarming rate. As compared to China, Bangladesh has failed miserably in controlling her population. Another reason for price-rise is the huge loss of man-days as a result of frequent strikes and lock-outs in the industrial units. This leads to short fall in production. Then Bangladesh is still a developing country. A huge capital expenditure is still going on in the form of construction activities and in the form of establishment of new units. An average Bangladeshi’s has considerably awakened to the reality of raising his living standard in the matter of eating, housing, medical aid and providing education to his children. He is also fond of recreation through T.V., V.C.R cinema, transistor etc. All this expenditure pushes up the rate of living. Those who can afford, also purchase luxurious items like the refrigerator, air conditioner, desert cooler, geyser and other such gadgets. There is also a lot of wastage on parties, dinners, inauguration and other functions and on canvassing, publicity and propaganda during elections. The hoarders, stockiest and black marketers also push up prices by causing artificial scarcity in the market. Wars and arms race also lead to shortage and price rise.
It is a pity that even more than forty five years after independence, most of the Bangladeshi is still leading a dog’s life. Only some lucky ones roll in luxury. The government should take some drastic steps to keep prices under control.
14. A Journey by Train
Clues: time and place—description of the journey – sights seen – enjoyment of the journey – my feelings
My annual examination was over. I had recess for some days. During this time of the year the weather is good enough to make a journey. Incidentally, I with some of my friends took a sudden decision to go to my sister’s house in Chittagong y train. On the appointed day. I along with my three friends arrived at Kamalapur railway station before sunrise. We bought our tickets and got into the train just at 7 a.m.
When the guard blew the whistle and waves his green flag, the train started moving. After a few minutes it began running at a full speed. I, keeping myself aloof, sat beside a window with a view to looking outside through the window. The sun was rising with all its splendid beauty. Soon leaving urban areas, the train was running through the green fields of the rural areas. I gazed and gazed at the houses, trees and meadows with a cheerful mind. Everything seemed to be running swiftly in the opposite direction. They came to my vision and disappeared in the twinkling of an eye. The beauty of the scenery on either side of the train charmed my eyes.
I also enjoyed the mild jerking of the train and rhythmic sounds of the wheels. Now and then it crossed bridge over a river or a canal with a chattering noise. As it was an express train, it stopped only at a few big stations. At about noon we arrive within the areas of Chittagong district, I felt great joy seeing the hills on either side of the line, as I had never seen a hill before. After eight hours journey, the train reached Chittagong railway station at about 3 p.m. We got down from the train and went to my sister’s house by a taxi. Our return journey was equally a pleasant one.
This pleasant and enjoyable lasted for a few hours. But the journey left permanent impression in my mind. I will never forget the romance, thrill and charm of my first train journey and my first visit to Chittagong. The scene of the memorable journey peeps into my mind when I become tired of the mechanical urban life.
15. THE GAME I LIKE MOST
Football is the most popular game of the world. People all over the world are mad for it. A huge amount of money is spent every year for this game. The standard of football in Europe and South America is very high.
Football is played on an open grassy field. The field is 110 to 120 yards long and 70 to 80 yards wide. There are two goal posts at each end to the field. A crossbar is attached to the goal posts. The crossbar is eight feet high from the ground.
The game is played between two teams. Each team has eleven players of which one is a goal-keeper. One referee and two linesmen conduct the game. Duration of the game is 90 minutes divided into two halves with a recess of 10/15 minutes. After the first half each team changes its side. The referee places the ball at the center of the field. With the whistle of the referee a player of one team kicks the ball and the game starts.
Football makes a man strong and healthy as it requires hard labour and quick movement. Football uses all the skills and energy of the body and mind. It teaches the players to be obedient, punctual, and hard-working in a team spirit. Football tournaments create friendship among the nations of the world. For these reasons football is my favorite game.
I love football and it makes me happy. Football is played in all the countries of the world. So when the world cup tournament is held it creates sensation all over the world. Through satellite communication the matches of the tournament are telecast live and most people of the world enjoy them. Football brings the nations of the world closer and makes them friendly with one another.
16. WONDER OF MODERN SCIENCE
Man always wants to live a better life. He wants better food, clothing and dwelling. He also likes comfort and entertainment. Science helps man to attain these. As a result, science has developed greatly. Today we are living is an age of science. Day and night, we make use of innumerable discoveries and inventions of science.
Electricity is the great power behind many scientific inventions. The electric lamp lights up our houses. Radio, television, telegraph, telephone, cinema, tape-recorder, photocopier, VCR, computers and most of the mills and factories are run by electricity. There are also electric trains, printing presses, cookers, irons, fans, sewing machines etc. run by electricity.
Science has conquered space and time. We can go from one place to another in a very short time by train, steamer, plane or rocket. Previously people took years to go from one continent to another. But nowadays we take only hours. We have reached the moon. We can now send messages at a great distance in the fraction of a second. We can talk to anybody in any part of the world by telephone, Radio broadcasts songs music, news, discussion etc. Television telecasts a wide range of programmes of varies subjects. By FAX, any writing of picture can be sent over great distances very easily. We can do today in hours what was done in days or months before. E-mail has made the world communication quickest, easiest and cheapest.
Science has found out the causes of most of the diseases and has discovered many remedies. A deadly disease like TB has been conquered. Cholera has also been brought under control. Small pox has been eradicated. The X-Ray and the anti biotic have been very helpful to man. Cornea transplant, by-pass surgery etc. are marvels of medical science.
Science has increased food production greatly. If we can apply the scientific methods properly there will be no hunger in the world. Tractors, power-pumps, fertilizers, high yielding varieties of corps and irrigation techniques have revolutionized agriculture.
But science is not an unmixed blessing. Science has also invented guns, bombs, and missiles, battleships and war planes, chemical weapons and nuclear war heads. It has brought in environmental pollution. We should stop the misuse of science to get its real benefits.

17. THE COMPUTER
The Computer is the latest miracle of modern science. The last part of the 20th century will be particularly remembered for this invention, especially as it seems to have a future of endless possibilities. The dictionary meaning of the word ‘Computer’ is ‘an electronic calculation machine’ and it is derived from the verb ‘Computer’ meaning to reckon the number or amount of something. It is indeed the most authentic machine, standing for artificial intelligence but that of a very high order. It is very strange but true that the manner of its operations would suggest that the intelligence and memory it possesses, for surpass those of a living human being.
The work done by the computer covers a very wide field and its surprising activities are extending to newer shares day by day. Hundreds of calculations, and even of a very complex and difficult type, can be done by a computer in a minute. Again, it seems to possess a prodigious memory. Thousands of pieces of information, and facts and figures can be stored up by it in its memory for an indefinite period, when once these are entered into its ‘artificial brain’. It can recall all that out of its memory at once, whenever required. It is obvious that however extraordinary may be the mathematical genius of a person or however enormous may be the power of his memory, such facts are simply impossible for any human being.
Because of its inconceivable advantages as above noted, the compute is now being used to serve manifold purposes throughout the world, In the Western Countries and in Russia and Japan, its use started a pretty long time ago. Bangladesh, however, has only just stepped into the computer age. In the advanced countries it is being used in government offices, firms, banks, railways and airlines, educational institutions, scientific laboratories and libraries, etc. Through its very quick and precise calculations the computer has been also playing an important role in the epoch-making ventures of sending cosmonauts to the upper space, and to the Moon.
In our country, too the government and various non-government concerns, institutions, and banks etc. are now using the computer. After the technique of its operations is mastered and its price is lowered down, in Bangladesh, too as in the West, Russia and Japan, private parties will begin to use it at home. It will then save much domestic labour and much time of the family. Scientists are at work to make the computing machine more and more improved to make it capable of even more difficult and complex operations. It is envisaged that then it will be able to serve an individual by doing various things for him in his daily life from morning, till late at night. It will help in paying electric and telephone bills. it will receive telephone messages and information brought by messengers, record them properly and will deliver the same to persons concerned in time. The robot, or ‘artificial man’, is a recent miracle of science. A robot already made in USA. And Japan etc. can do the work of many men. Now robot technology is closely allied to the technology of the computer. It appears that in near future, just like the typewriter, the computer will be an indispensable thing in every office and every institution and also in the houses of many advanced families.
In view of the fast growing importance of the computer, both the central and the state governments should do the needful to introduce in Universities and Colleges, courses in computer technology. Students should be taught there everything regarding the computer, its various functions and its future possibilities. As days will pass on, well- equipped persons in computer technology will be required in an ever increasing number by offices, firms, banks and different institutions. The government should also take concrete measures so that computers can be manufactured in our country and at a moderate cost.
18. Advantage of Reading Newspaper
The power of the press is really un-disputed. In this modern age, the press is so strong and effective that it is called the Fourth Estate. Newspapers live Times if Bangladesh, States-man and magazines like outlook and Bangladesh Today have wide circulation in Bangladesh. They have the power to draw the attention of those who matter, to the shortcomings in their decisions and its results.
With the spread of education, the influence of the Press has also grown in our country and in advanced countries, it is capable of making or breaking governments. In U.K. Japan or U.S.A. there is hardly a person who does not subscribe to a newspaper and consequently they are better informed and more updated with the affairs of their nation and the world.
Bangladesh with a comparatively lesser literacy populace, especially in rural areas of States live Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, etc. are at a disadvantage. Because of the lesser influence the Press has on the masses, the advantages of democracy and the power to elect their own representatives are lost on them.
We achieved independence through the basics of mass movements, organised by the political parties, through the medium of newspapers. It was only when a few Bangladeshis learnt the English language and got to know of the revolutions in other countries, that they got the idea of freeing themselves from the shackles of slavery. This knowledge was largely contributed by newspapers of the foreign Press which were fearless in depicting the truth.
The Press has the power thus to mound public opinion. It has become the medium of political agitations and movements in our country and the organ of political leaders and parties. It is also the voice of the public, forcing the Government to listen with respect, to its opinions and views.
There are several owners and even Editors, controlling the Press, who try to take advantage of his extreme power. Power does corrupt if un-checked and those controlling the Press must be vigilant and always on guard lest they corrupt society and make it their im to solely earn money. It cannot be denied that there are those who hold be acting as sentinels for society but are actually in the profession to arm-twist, black-mail and, literally take advantage of their own position for selfish material gains. A clean and independent Press, fearless as they should be, can be a blessing. It is the ‘great sentinel of the State’, ‘the ground detector of public imposture’.
It is an aid to social reform and educational advancement. All novel efforts at social reforms can first discussed and debated in the press before any decision is arrived at and final action launched. It can also reach those who do not indulge in extensive reading because of lack of means and even those with limited leisure. Thus, it is a tool for the eradication of corruption of society depending on the persons manning it and because of this need to be in safe hands.
19. An Ideal Student
The very word: “Student” denotes a person fond of studies. But ‘studies’ do not mean just bookish knowledge, but a real knowledge of men, society, nature, mind etc. Such variegated knowledge can be obtained only by a person of strong mind and will, good heart and sound health. So, the very connotation of being an ideal student is one’s keen interest in developing an all-round personality.
By going into details, we can say that an ideal student has a thirst for knowledge. He has the curiosity to learn and understand new and new things about man and nature. He has a regular routine for doing everything. Thus he is regular and punctual. He gets up early in the morning, takes regular exercise, has his bath and goes to his College and college in time. He devotes his time to studies whole-heartedly and is in the good books of his teachers whom he respects sincerely, as he respects his parents. He helps the weak students in their students and never makes fun of them. If others out do him, he accepts their superiority with humility. He may have a healthy competition with them, but he is never jealous of them. Similarly, he plays one or the other game, but with a sportsman’s spirit.
An ideal student is very particular about his character and manners. He is truthful honest and frank. He does not find fault with others but tries to get rid of his own drawbacks, if any. he has no evil habits like drinking, smoking, gambling etc. He is a great patriot and is ready to die for his country. He knows that by making himself strong is body and mind, he is also serving the national cause, because as Emerson says,
“Not gold but only men can make
A national great and strong”
An ideal student is very studious. He knows that an idle man’s brain is the devil’s workshop. He does the right thing at the right time. He believes in his own sincere effort. He does not believe in underhand methods. For instance, copying in the examination can never be his motto. He is not only a voracious reader and a good player but also a good speaker and writer. He believes in bringing constant efficiency in his work. He has a positive and an optimistic attitude towards life. Failures do not depress him, nor do successes turn his head. He has a balanced mind and personality.
20. A VILLAGE FAIR I VISITED
A village fair is a gathering of village people. It is usually he annually or periodically at a certain place on the occasion of Bengali new year day or a religious festival. It lasts for a day of two. It is generally held in an open space or the bank of the river of the river or near a banyan tree.
I had the experience of visiting a village fair held in our neighbor’s village last month. It was the 30th Poush. The fair took place around a lard banyan tree. it was observed on the occasion of the harvest-home.
On the fixed day, I along with two of my cousins started for the fail 10.a.m. Entering into the fair, we found hundreds of booths, stalls and tents in the field around the big banyan tree. I came to know that the traders, craftsmen and other interred people came to the place the previous day. Various kinds of goods such as dolls, ear wares, toys, fluted, balloons, baskets, imitation ornaments etc. were dispel there in an attractive manner to draw the attention of the customers. Food of all kinds are also available in the fair.
We began to walk along the lanes between rows of chores. We watched that men, women and children gathered in the fair in a large number. They were busy in buying for themselves and for their dear and near ones. We came to a place where there was merry-go-round and looked at it for sometimes. Then we enjoyed a circus now. Coming out of the circus, I drank the water of a green coconut. Next I proceeded to the front of a booth and bought some fancy things for my younger sister. For myself, I bought a mouth-organ and some sweetmeats.
I had been sweating profusely since I got into the crowd. To, we came out of the crowd and started for home in the afternoon. From my visit to the fair, I have learnt many things about rural life and culture. Really, the memory of this air will remain ever fresh in my mind.
21. Population Problem of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world. About 1000 people live per square kilometre. Every year more than two million people are being added to our population. The problem has now moved out of control and it has now come to the stage of explosion. The area of Bangladesh is too small to support the vast population. As a result, it creates problems, such as, food shortage, communication disruption, educational problem, shelter shortage, health hazards, lack of medicine, environmental pollution and poverty. The present growth rate of population in our country is 21.6 per thousand. It is obviously a very high growth rate. Dogmatism, prejudice, early marriage and superstation are responsible for this high growth rate of population.
The population of Bangladesh is increasing by geometric progression. But the agricultural production is increasing by arithmetical progression. So the country’s production fails to feed the increasing number of people. Not only this, but also the job facilities are. Being unemployed, some people are becoming addicted to drugs and are being involved in terrorism. So the standard of living, political stability and cultural values are degrading day by day. There are crowds everywhere in buses, trains, bazars, Colleges and colleges. The prices of things are increasing by leaps and bounds. People can hardly make both ends meet. Over population is a hindrance to any kind of development. So necessary and constructive steps should be taken to reduce the high growth rate of population. Early marriage should be stopped. The introduction of family planning all over the country is essential. Newspaper, radio, television and other mass media can play an important role for educating and enlightening the common people about the disastrous effect of over population.
Over population is a serious threat to the development of our country. This situation will be aggravated if the present growth rate of population goes on unchecked. The people from all walks of life should come forward to co-operate with the government to solve this problem. Otherwise, all hopes and joys of the people of Bangladesh will be nipped in the bud.
22. Unemployment Problem of Bangladesh
Unemployment means not finding a job. The unemployment problem is acute in Bangladesh because of the lack of job opportunity. When all the development efforts stop, the unemployment problem keeps soaring up. As to the size, Bangladesh is the smallest country in Asia but stands first being the most populous country. For about three decades political education, illiteracy, agro-based economy, industrial backwardness, closure or lay-off of industries, economic stagnancy in investment sectors and, above all, a large-scale corruption are responsible for the unemployment problem. After the liberation, no special care was given to the industrial sector. As a result, the employment opportunities are not created. Due to political unrest foreign investors feel repulsion to invest in Bangladesh. NGO programmes are insignificant. As a result, the unemployment problem is mounting up day by day.
Unemployment is a great social evil. It has a far-reaching effect on the economic, social and political affairs of the country. Unemployed people consume natural wealth but do not contribute to the economy of the country. A large number of unemployed youths involve themselves in various anti-social activities and crimes. Drug addiction, terrorism, trafficking etc. are breeding anarchy and disorder in society. Unemployment is the root of all evils.
To solve the unemployment problem, the government must take adequate and proper steps. This task is hard but not impossible. Of various remedies, the most potent is the industrialization of our country. A sound and helpful democratic atmosphere is to be ensured. Vocational education can come to aid in this regard.
So we should pay attention to vocational and technical education. Instead of looking for clerical jobs in offices, they should engage themselves in small business, dairy and poultry farming. The government should supply interest-free loans for this purpose. The unemployment problem in Bangladesh is getting more and more acute day by day. It is high time we took proper steps to eradicate it. If we fail to solve this problem, our independence will be meaningless.
23. Students and Social Service
Society is an association of all classes of people with common interest, aim and principle. Students are not isolated from society. So, as members of society, they are obliged to perform certain duties to society. There are many kinds of social services and students have a lot to do in this sector.
Student life is the period for education and training. It is not desirable that students should waste their time and energies in affairs other than education. But living in a developing country like ours students have to render certain services for the development and progress of the nation. Students are in the process of learning and they can share their acquired knowledge with the illiterate and deprived citizens of our country. They may run night Colleges and teach the poor and working children as well as the uneducated adult people. If that is not possible, they can at least teach servants in their own house. Besides teaching the tree R’s-Reading. The use of fertilizers and proper caring of crops. They can also provide advice on earning methods, for example, whether to dig a pond for fish cultivation or to make a farm. Students have duties towards society no doubt, but they should not remain always preoccupied with these. They should render social services during leisure time or during long vacations.
Students can take part in raising awareness regarding population problem. Population is growing in geometrical progression. If this growth remains unchecked the economic security of the country will be at a stake. The illiterate people of our country are full of prejudices and do not feel the necessity of family planning. Students may come forward to remove these evil conceptions of the people. They can teach people the problems of over population and should encourage them to adopt the measures of family planning. Students can teach people the rules of health and sanitation. They can teach them how to reduce pollution and how to lead a healthy life by staying neat and clean. A large number of people suffer from various diseases. The students can teach these people some basic treatments for diseases like dysentery and small infections.
Students can prove to be worthy during natural calamities. In times of flood, famine, cyclone, earthquake and epidemic they can come forward to help the people in distress. They can collect food, clothes and medicine and distribute them amongst the people in need. There are many other duties that students can perform as conscious citizens of a country. But not all students are aware of their duties. To save the country, every student should come forward with a helping hand. But in doing so, they should not forget that proper attention should be given to their education.
24. Tree plantation and Deforestation
Trees are the most important gift of nature since the dawn of civilization. Man has a close relationship with nature. They help us in maintaining the ecological balance which is essential for the preservation of life on earth. They are our friends. They play an important role in our life and economy.
Trees are useful to us in many ways. We get from trees different kinds of nutritious fruits which make us healthy and protect us from diseases. By taking in carbon dioxide and giving off oxygen in the air, trees help us to exist on earth. Trees give shade and shelter to many people. Trees make the land fertile and save the soil from erosion. Trees attract rains. We get timber from trees. We use timbers in making houses, furniture etc. Trees are used as fuel. Trees are also our source of income. We can earn a lot of money by selling fruits and timber.
Bangladesh is mostly a flat and riverine country. Lands in the upper region of the river are highly suitable for the growth and development of trees. Sea-beaches, low-lying unused lands, sides of the highways and roads can be brought under the scheme of tree plantation. Again, in the hilly areas of Chittagong Hill Tracts and Sylhet there are many lands left unused. These lands can also be brought under the plantation programme.
Deforestation means cutting down trees in large number. It is very harmful for our existence. It causes ecological imbalance. It leads to soil erosion and deprives us of fruit and timber and causes economic loss. It is also responsible for climatic change, as well as global warming. In fact if deforestation goes on our country will be turned into a desert. So we should stop cutting down trees for the greater interest of our existence. We should create awareness among the general people in this regard. So every man and woman should plant tree to make the country green.
Trees and forests bear a great impact on climate. A country needs trees to ensure a cool and healthy climate for her people. If we destroy trees randomly, one day the country will turn into a desert. As a result the country will face a great crisis because our country is dependent upon agriculture.
Tree plantation is, by far, one of our most important duties. It is essential to prevent greenhouse effect. So tree-plantation is a must. June and July are the most suitable period for planting trees in our country. Both government and private sectors should come forward to raise consciousness people about the importance of tree plantation.

25. The Season I like Best
In Bangladesh there appears a new season at a regular interval of every two months. Thus in a year we have six seasons in Bangladesh. They are the summer, the rainy season, the autumn, the late autumn, the winter and the spring. In the cycle of seasons, the spring covers the months of Falgun and Chitra. Of all the six seasons, I like the spring most. It is called ‘the king of seasons’.
My favourite season is the spring. The spring comes with ease and comfort. It has not the damp and humidity of the rainy season, nor the sweltering heat of the summer, nor the biting cold of the winter. The sky is blue. The south-west wind blows.
With the coming of this season, nature herself puts on a gay and lovely loo. The charming scenes of new leaves enchant the eyes. Various kinds of flowers bloom in abundance. Their fragrance changes the atmosphere. Butterflies move from flower to flower. Their variegated wings make a sight for the eye. Bees come in swarms to gather honey. Their humming music fills the air. In fact, spring is the season of music and melody. The cuckoo hides in bushes. The ‘bou kotha kau’ draws the mind. Coming after the winter-harvest, the spring brings for the farmers plenty and happiness. During this season people are generally free from want. Our poets are very much fond of the spring. The infinite varieties of its charms have made them fly ‘on the wings of poesy’.
Coming after the winter, the spring captivates the hearts of the people all at one. Though it consists of two months, its actual pleasure and spell last only for about three weeks in Falgun. So when summer follows, people bewail its hasty departure.

26. Benefit of reading newspaper
Newspaper is a kind of printed media usually distributed weekly or daily in the form of a folded book of papers containing news of current events, informative articles, education, editorials, and advertising. The newspapers keep us in touch with the current world affairs. Without them we cannot know the important news even of the remotest part of the world. It acts as a mirror that reflects the views and opinions of the public and the Government. There are many advantages of reading the newspapers. In short newspaper plays a vital role in our life.
With the spread of education, the popularity and importance of newspapers have increased by leaps and bounds. Everybody today wants to read a newspaper. They give us lots of information about various matters at various levels that are not available anywhere. People of all profession need newspapers. Engineers, doctors, scientists, professors and other professionals need them to know the day-to-day developments in their respective fields. Businessmen need newspapers to keep in touch with the economic and commercial trends in the country and see current share prices. Politicians need them to read recent political events in the country. Others read newspapers to know how changes around them affect their life.
Newspapers have their educative value also. Newspapers are living textbooks. Newspapers develop reading, math, social studies and language skills. Students read newspapers to broaden their knowledge and keep abreast of the recent developments in various fields like politics, economics, science, sports or art and culture. It is undoubtedly an important tool of the learning process for students.
Lovers of Radio and the Cinema can look up in them the daily programs of these entertainments. The advertisements help the people to buy things. The unemployed can look up the wanted columns for vacant job. Newspapers are also an important means of advertisement. They help trade and commerce.
But the newspapers have some drawbacks also. They serve as a means of propaganda for the various political parties. Sometimes, news is even twisted and distorted. Often views and comments are expressed through them that confuse the people and misguide them. At other times, they stir up class hatred. They sow seeds of communal quarrels. Often they publish wrong advertisements which deceive and cheat the people.
But these disadvantages are nothing in comparison with their manifold advantages. They are really of great use for the people. By reading them we come to know of the probable problems one can face while dealing with a particular organization. So people should be encouraged in every way. On the whole, the habit of reading newspapers is a good one.

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