10/05/2026
🧪 Sterilization Methods — Easy Notes + Mnemonic
🏥 Different sterilization methods are used to destroy microorganisms and make medical instruments safe for use.
📌 Autoclaving (Moist Heat'-121degree c, 15 min)
➡ Steam under pressure
➡ Used for: Surgical instruments, dressing packs, gloves, linen
📌 Dry Heat Sterilization
➡ Hot air kills microbes
➡ Used for: Glassware, metal tools, oils, powders
📌 Chemical Sterilization
➡ Best for heat-sensitive items
➡ Used for: Endoscope, catheter, plastic instruments
📌 Gas Sterilization (ETO)
➡ Ethylene oxide gas used
➡ Used for: Disposable syringes, electronic medical equipment
📌 Radiation Sterilization
➡ Gamma rays destroy microorganisms
➡ Used for: Gloves, IV sets, syringes
📌 Filtration
➡ Removes microbes from liquids
➡ Used for: Vaccines, serum, antibiotics
📌 Flaming
➡ Direct flame sterilization
➡ Used for: Inoculating loops & needles
📌 Incineration
➡ Burning contaminated waste
➡ Used for: Biomedical waste disposal
🧠
⚠ Important Notes:
✅ Autoclave = most common & effective method
✅ Dry heat → mainly glass & oils
✅ Heat-sensitive items → Chemical / Gas methods
✅ Filtration → used when heat can damage liquids
💡 Quick Trick:
“Heat-resistant items → Heat methods”
“Heat-sensitive items → Chemical/Gas/Filtration”
📚 Helpful for Nursing, Microbiology & Medical Students.
Sterilization Autoclave Microbiology MedicalStudy infectionControl LabScience