English for Bank/BCS

Recuperative - কোন ক্ষতির পর পূর্বের অবস্থায় ফেরত আসে এমন।

# Although the economy suffers downturns, it also has strong recuperative and self-correction tendencies.

♣Since এর ১ম অংশ present indefinite বা present perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ হবে past indefinite.
আবার, ১ম অংশ past indefinite হলে পরের অংশ হবে past perfect.

♦present indefinite/present perfect + since +
past indefinite
♦past indefinite + since + past perfect

# It is many years since I met you.
# It has been five days since he went missing.
# Many years have passed since I met you last.

♦No sooner.....than, Scarcely.....when, Hardly.....when থাকলে ১ম অংশটি হবে past perfect এবং ২য় অংশটি হবে past indefinite. ১ম অংশের 'had' সবসময় subject এর পূর্বে বসবে।

# Hardly had we taken shelter under a big tree,when the storm started.
# No sooner had he seen the police than he ran away.
# No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.

♦It is time, It is high time এর পর বাক্যে subject থাকলে এর পরের verb টি past form হবে।
subject না থাকলে to+verb হবে।

# It is high time he changed his bad habits.
# It is high time we discussed the matter.
# It is time you looked for a new job.
# It is time we went to the field.
# It is high time to do the work.

♦As though/as if এর ১ম অংশ present indefinite হলে পরের অংশ হবে past indefinite. এবং be verb হিসেবে সবসময় 'were' বসে।
আবার,১ম অংশ past indefinite হলে পরের অংশ হবে past perfect.

♦present indefinite + as though/as if + past indefinite
♦past indefinite + as though/as if + past perfect

# Poly talks to her pet bird as if it understood her.
# He walks as if he were mad.
# He looked as though he had run twenty miles.
# He behaved as if nothing had happened.
# He talks as if he knew everything.

♦'That/because/if এর পূর্বে past indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ past perfect tense হবে।

♦past indefinite + that /because/if + past perfect

# He tried to make it appear that she had committed su***de.
# The student confessed that he had left without permission.
# I thought that I had seen her before.
# I asked him if he had prepared his lessons.
# She bought a new car because his old one had broken down.

★★★TENSE★★★

★Past Continuous Tense★
কোন কাজ অতীতে চলছিল বুঝাতে এটি ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Structure: Subject + was/were + verb (ing)+ object

# You were studying.
# I was singing.
# They were playing.

♦অতীতকালের দুটি clause যদি as/when/while দ্বারা যুক্ত থাকে, তাদের একটি past continuous অন্যটি past indefinite.

# My uncle arrived while I was cooking the dinner. [24th BCS]
# Neela burnt her hand when she was cooking dinner. [26th BCS]
# When she arrived home after a hard day at work, her husband was sleeping.

★★★TENSE★★★

★Past Indefinite Tense★
অতীতে কোন কাজ হয়েছিল বুঝাতে past indefinite tense ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Structure: subject + verb(past form)+ object +ex.

কিছু adverb/adverbial phrase যুক্ত থাকে-

yesterday, last night, last year, last week, last month, ago, for a while, it is time, it is high time, wish, once etc.

♣গত পরীক্ষায় আসা একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নিয়ম দেখে নিন-

♦অতীতকালের দুটো কাজ as soon as দ্বারা যুক্ত থাকলে, দুটোই past indefinite হবে।

# I opened the door as soon as I heard the bell.[24th BCS]
# As soon as he saw me he began to cry.
# As soon as I came in, she left the room.

ধন্যবাদ। ভাল থাকুন।