Cafe-H

The Seven ages of Man

(а) Which stage of life has been described here by Shakespeare ?
(b) What are the features of this stage ?
(c) Explain the last line.
Answers :
(a) Here Shakespeare describes the fifth stage of life, that is, of a justice.
(b) In this stage man enjoys prosperity, self-satisfaction and wisdom. He is fashionable. He has stem looks.
(c) At this stage man is full of wise sayings and examples from contemporary life. He impresses others with his knowledge and wisdom.

Question.2. All the world’s a stage And all the men and women merely players : They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages.
(а) What is the world compared to ?
(b) Exits and entrances mean ………….
(c) What do you mean by ‘acts’ in the last line.
Answers:
(a) The world is compared to the stage of a theatre.
(b) deaths and births.
(c) ‘Acts’ in the last line mean roles which a person enact in his life-time.

(а) Which stage of life is being referred to here ?
(b) What are the characteristics of this stage ?
(c) Give the meaning of ‘mewing’.
Answers:
(a) The stage of life described here is infancy.
(b) At this stage an infant in helpless and dependent.
(c) ‘crying’

(а) What is the school going by described as ?
(b) How does the school boy walk to school ?
(c) Which simile has been used here ?
Answers :
(а) The school-boy is described as unwilling to go to school.
(b) The school boy walks very slowly like a snail while going to school.
(c) ‘creeping like snail’.

(a) Is the lover described happy ?
(b) How does he behave ?
(c) Which figure of speech has been used in the first two lines here ?
Answers :
(a) No. He is not happy. He is sorrowful.
(b) He sighs and writes sad verses in praise of his beloved’s beauty.
(c) It is a simile. It also acts as an image.

(а) What is the soldier ready to do ?
(b) What is the poetic device used in the second line ?
(c) What does ‘bubble reputation’ mean ?
Answers :
(a) The solider is ready to die for name and fame.
(b) It is a simile.
(c) It means that reputation is as short-lived as the life of a bubble.

(а) What does the phrase ‘shrunk shank’ in this stanza mean ?
(б) How is the voice of a man at this stage ?
(c) What stage of a man’s life is referred to in these lines ?
Answers :
(а) It means that his legs become weak and thin.
(b) The voice of a man at this stage becomes shrill like that of a child, (c) It is the sixth stage of man’s life.

(a) What is man’s condition in the last stage of life ?
(b) What do you mean by ‘sans’ ?
(c) What does ‘second childishness’ mean ?
Answers :
(a) Man is very old and dependent in the last stage of life.
(b) It means ‘without’.
(c) It means that man is helpless like a child.

1. What is the significance of the words ‘entrances’ and ‘exits’ in the poem ‘The Seven Ages’ ? (CBSE 2014)
Answer. Human life has been compared by the poet to a stage of theatre where actors , appear, enact their roles and quit. ‘Entrances’ here signify human births and ‘exits’ deaths. Human beings take birth, play their parts and die.

Question.3. Why does a man in his life play many parts ?
Answer. A man, is fated to play many roles in his life. As he grows, his role changes and his character also changes accordingly. He takes birth only to play different roles-the roles of an infant, a school boy, a lover, a soldier, a judge, an old and senile person.

Simile: 'creeping like a snail”; “soldier… bearded like the pard”-----“Sighing like furnace“; etc

Metaphor: “all the world's a stage” is a metaphor that compares life to a play.

“And all the men and women merely players;” is a metaphor that compares men and women to the players.

Question.6. What characteristics would you associate with the stage of a soldier ?

Answer. Energy, enthusiasm, rashness and patriotism are some of the characteristics of a soldier. A soldier can sacrifice even his life for short-lived reputation.

Organic and Non-organic Food

Over the last two decades, the demand from consumers for organic foods has increased tremendously. In fact, the popularity of organic foods has exploded significantly with consumers, spending a considerably higher amount of money on them as compared to the amount spent on inorganic foods. The US market noted an increase in sales of more than 10% between 2014 and 2015. The increase is in line with the views of many consumers that organic foods are safer, tastier, and healthier compared to inorganic foods. Furthermore, considering the environmental effects of foods, organic foods present less risk of environmental pollution compared to inorganic foods. By definition, organic foods are those that are grown without any artificial chemical treatment or treatment by the use of other substances that have been modified genetically, such as hormones and/or antibiotics.

A food product will only be labeled as organic if it is free of any additives that were made artificially, such as preservatives, flavoring, sweeteners, as well as colorings. On the other hand, inorganic foods are those that are grown using artificial chemicals. Inorganic food products are those that have been treated with artificial additives, such as preservatives, sweeteners, and flavoring. Organic and inorganic foods possess a number of significant differences. This paper is a comparison between organic and non-organic foods in terms of their properties, including their nutrient contents and effects on the health of consumers and the environment.

Various studies that have compared the nutritional contents of organic and non-organic foods have produced mixed results. Whereas some claim that the nutritional contents are comparable, others have found organic foods to be more nutritious due to the high content of antioxidants present. A number of studies have indicated that the levels of antioxidants are higher in organic foods, as compared to inorganic foods, and so are the levels of certain types of micronutrients such as iron, zinc, and vitamin C. Antioxidant levels in organic foods are as high as 69%, while the levels are lower in non-organic foods. According to a study conducted on corns and berries grown organically, the antioxidant levels were found to be at 58%, while those that were not organic were found to be 52%. The higher levels of antioxidants are attributed to the fact that organic foods have no dependence on chemical pesticide sprays for protection against the pesticides, but instead produce antioxidants, which act as the protection. Therefore, a shift from conventionally grown cereals, vegetables, and fruits to organic ones has the benefit of providing extra amounts of antioxidants into the diets.

Antioxidants are beneficial to the body due to their role in reducing the risk of developing chronic illnesses, such as some types of cancers, diseases that degenerate the neural system, as well as cardiovascular disease.

Also, while pesticide use is absent in organic foods, non-organic foods have been found to have some toxic pesticides, such as cadmium—whose accumulation can be harmful to the health of their consumers. According to a research study conducted on the two types of foods, non-organic foods were found to contain higher amounts of pesticides, four times more than in organic foods (Carrington and Arnett, n.p). While the levels of cadmium may not be as high as regulatory agencies may find harmful, there is a risk of progressive accumulation of the chemical in the bodies of consumers. Although cadmium may be not harmful in small amounts, accumulation into the body over time can reach harmful levels. Therefore, the consumption of organic foods will help consumers avoid the risks of the accumulation of pesticide residue altogether.

Another important factor in organic foods are the nitrates levels. Non-organic foods rely heavily on artificial fertilizers, which are basically nitrate compounds. They, therefore, have higher levels of nitrates compared to organic foods. The levels of nitrates in organic foods are lower than in non-organic foods by about 30% (Brown, n.p). The higher the levels of nitrate intake, the higher the chance of associated health risks, such as cancer. Additionally, high nitrate levels in infants have been associated with a condition that has a negative effect on their blood capacity to transport oxygen.

Organic animal food products also have some significant differences in their nutritional constitution. For instance, while the levels of omega-3 fatty acids in organic dairy products, such as milk, are higher than in non-organic products, the levels of other minerals with health significance, such as iodine and selenium, are lower in organic dairy products than in non-organic ones. Also, the level of omega-3 fatty acids in organic meat is higher than in conventional meat, while the level of saturated fats in organic meat is lower. Many health benefits are associated with omega-3 fatty acids, such as a lower risk of suffering from heart disease. Therefore, it is expected that a higher intake of organic animal food products will contribute to higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids—and therefore translating into associated health benefits.

Physically, there also exists a considerable contrast between organic and non-organic foods in appearance. For instance, when a person goes shopping for fruits, he or she almost instantaneously notices the differences in appearance between the two types of food products. Organic products such as fruits will always be variable sizes and shapes, presenting some form of physical imperfection compared to their non-organic counterparts.

On the other hand, non-organic foods will always appear to have a relatively similar appearance in accordance with their various types. The differences arise from the treatments given to the products during growth. Non-organic products, some of which have undergone minimal processing or are generally unprocessed, are usually subjected to treatment by the use of artificially processed substances for growth enhancement, which is not the case for organically produced products. These substances are responsible for giving the products an almost perfect shape. That way, they will always appear similar. Contrarily, the organic foods, whose growth is under the influence of substances naturally produced by the plant, will not achieve the same kind of perfection in non-organic products due to the variations in supply of these growth substances to different parts of the plants. The same situation applies to animal products. Growth-enhancing substances used in the production of non-organic meat ensure they have larger cuts.

Non-organic foods contain chemical fertilizer to encourage plant growth, farmers also spray insecticides to reduce pests and disease, use chemical herbicides to manage w**ds, and give animals hormones, drugs, etc., to prevent disease. I personally would not consider this food to be healthy. I’d rather stick with organic foods because I feel more comfortable and its more healthy. Not only that, but it is also more safe. Nowadays non-organic foods can’t be trusted because you don’t know what they’re really doing.

People feel more drawn to buy non-organic foods because they’re reasonable prices. Buyers of non-organic foods have ate these products their whole lives so it’s what they’re used to. We like familiarity so of course it’s easier for us to chose groceries we’ve ate our whole lives versus groceries that we’re just learning about. Non-organic foods tend to be consistent in taste, texture, and quality.

Fast food falls under the category of non-organic food. The thing about restaurant food is that restaurants are not required to reveal everything their food contains. So technically we don’t really know what we’re eating. For example, the meat that most restaurant chains sell contains antibiotics. Although now you can buy a salad at a fast food place, there are still much more unhealthy things on the menu. Obesity, High Cholesterol, and so much more are leading causes to deaths.
In summary, some studies have revealed some similarities in the nutritional contents between organic and non-organic food substances. However, others have revealed a number of considerable differences in the amount of antioxidants, as well as other minerals, present in organic and non-organic foods. Generally, organic foods have higher levels of antioxidants than non-organic foods and are therefore more important in the prevention of chronic illnesses. Additionally, the levels of nitrates are lower in organic foods than in non-organic foods, and so are the levels of pesticide residues, such as cadmium, that are harmful to people's health in high levels. Moreover, the levels of omega-3 fatty acids are higher in organic foods than non-organic foods—resulting in more health benefits. Finally, the two types of foods vary in physical appearance, such as shape and size. Whereas the variation is much more substantial in organic food products such as fruits, the levels of uniformity are higher in non-organic foods.

1. Complete the passage using suitable connectors.
-------(a)-------- I think in -------(b)-------- a way which assists me to complete my mission -------(c)-------- having gotten new way of solution. -------(d)-------- I have invested some time in searching new method -------(e)-------- which I have learnt how to deal a research project.

2. Add appropriate tag
(a) Environment pollution is increasing at an alarming rate. It is high time we thought about it seriously, ——?
(b) In the rainy season, the rivers assume a terrible shape. Then the rivers may be used to store water to use in the dry season, ——?
(c) I attempted to rise but could not move. I was strongly fastened to the ground, ——?
(d) A greedy man is covetous of wealth. He carves for money. He is not satisfied with what he has, ——?
(e) There is a difference between the educated and the uneducated. Again, there is a difference between the rich and the poor, ——?

3. Complete the text adding suffixes, prefixes or the both with the root words given in the parenthesis.
You should bear in mind that (a) — (self-assurance) assists a man to reach me. The lack of (b) — (ten) leads one to lose the confidence. You need it in order to (c) — (idle) the problems of life. Fix a target and then try (d) — (heart) to gain success. Don’t lose heart if you fail. Remember that (e) — (eat) is the pillar of success. Whereas, success without (f) — (test) is not enjoyable. Determination keeps you (g) — (head) strong and make (h) — (range) for struggling to reach the goal. Nobody can be (i) — (fort) in his mission. Failure makes him more (j) — (pose) to work hard.

4. Use capitalization and proper punctuation in the sentences.
please let me have the coffin the prince cried. i will pay you well for it we wouldn't sell it for the rest of the world one of the dwarfs said but i cannot live without snow white sighed the prince

CAFE-H
Centre For HSC
Academic English
Ultimate Solution For HSC English
Complete the following sentences
1. Eating with her heart content ------------------------------
2. If she is alive,may ------------------------------
3. After his arrival at our home she asked me for food as though ------------------------------
4. But at night I got a news that a violent road accident ------------------------------
5. I don’t know whether ------------------------------
6. Sometimes I think in such ------------------------------
7. Recently I have invested some time in searching new method through ------------------------------
8. The sailors, throats were so dry ------------------------------
9. ----------------------------- in lieu of swotting his period of schooling.
10.The students are twiddling their thumbs for ------------------------------
11. He is too honest ------------------------------
12. The girl is Intelligent enough ------------------------------
13. I will come tomorrow in case ------------------------------
14. ------------------------------ let alone education.
15. In case of your indolence ------------------------------
16. They will miss the train unless ------------------------------
17. The more you laugh, ------------------------------
18. He started business after ------------------------------
19. They feel like ------------------------------
20. I am not used to ------------------------------
21. If the cloud thunder, ------------------------------
22. Most of the rivers are getting polluted day by day. It is high time --------------------------------------------------.
23. Milk is rich in food values. We should take milk everyday so that --------------------------------------------------
24. Mr. John is very interested in tourism. He want to visit Bangladesh with a view to --------------------------------------------------
25. I like to play cricket in my leisure time. When I get a chance, --------------------------------------------------
26. No nation can develop without education. So, it is rightly said that --------------------------------------------------.
27. Mina really sings well. If she gets opportunity, --------------------------------------------------
28. He was a petty clerk. But he behaved as though --------------------------------------------------
29. The weather of that night was very rough. I would have met you provided --------------------------------------------------
30. Bangladesh is a small country. Though it has a small area, --------------------------------------------------
31. English is an international language. There is not a country in the world where --------------------------------------------------
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Compare and contrast...
[Topic 1 and Topic 2] are quiet adequacy and distinctive. Both have some different advantages and disadvantages. The different between [Topic 1 and Topic 2] is strikingly remarkable.
However, both merits and demerits exist in [Topic 1 and Topic 2]. Both contribute on our advancement [Topic 1] is a natural and realistic in characteristics. We can get some opportunity from it. On the other hand [Topic 2] is not realistic but free from all complexity. We can also feel the fascination in it. Most of the advanced opportunities are confined to [Topic 1 ]. But we cannot abdicate the facilities of [Topic 2].
Although there are many differences between [Topic 1 and Topic 2] they have number of resemblance as well. Both are practical, idealistic, pragmatic helpful to us. [Topic 1 and Topic 2] are not detrimental to our environment.
It is crystal clear that the developments of a country rely on equal coherence of [Topic 1 and Topic 2]. These are the key similarities and dissimilarities between [Topic 1 and Topic 2].
In short, we can avoid none because one depends on others. [Topic 1] is much happier and more comfortable than that of [Topic 2]......

POEM
When I compare
What I have lost with what I have gained,
What I have missed with what attained,
Little room do I find for pride.

I am aware
How many days have been idly spent;
How like an arrow the good intent
Has fallen short or been turned aside.

But who shall dare
To measure loss and gain in this wise?
Defeat may be victory in disguise;
The lowest ebb is the turn of the tide.

1. What is the meaning of defeat in this poem?
2. What does the poem highlight?
3. What does the speaker acknowledge?
4. Do you think measuring loss and gain is wise?
5. When do we find no space of boast?

Paragraph
Our School Library

A library is a place where different types of books are stored and it is also called a storehouse of knowledge. Students can get many types of books from here. It contains different kinds of books. The books are especially there for the use of students. Because a student should not be satisfied with only textbooks. Besides, they need other books for gaining general knowledge. The taste of the students is not the same for all. One may like history books, one may like encyclopedias, and another may like books on an adventure. So, the school library must contain all sorts of books. This may be interesting to the students of every class.

On the Grasshopper and Cricket SUMMARY
On the Grasshopper and Cricket is a fine piece of Petrarchan sonnet by the famous poet John Keats. He wrote this poem in December 1816. It is inspired by the beauty of nature. Poets usually find beauty and poetry in spring and good weather. But Keats is different as he finds nature beautiful in all seasons including hot summer and cold winter.

The poet symbolizes the grasshopper as hot summer and the cricket as a very cold winter. He says that even when the birds stop singing during the hot summers, the Earth still sings. The grasshopper sings tirelessly during this time flying from the hedge. The poet further says that during the cold winter also the Earth keeps expressing pleasure through cricket. A cricket sings through the stones.

On the Grasshopper and Cricket Summary in English
In the poem ‘On the Grasshopper and Cricket’, the poet John Keats celebrates the music of the Earth. He finds beauty in hot summer as well as in the cold winter. Here, in this poem, the grasshopper is a symbol of hot summer and cricket is a symbol of cold winter. The poet says that the music of nature or earth is always alive whether it is hot summer or cold and bleak winter.

During the hot summer, all the singing birds are tired and take rest under the shady branches of trees. But even if they don’t sing the song of nature goes on. We can still hear the voice of the grasshopper who runs from hedge to hedge. He keeps singing tirelessly and when tired rests beneath some w**d.

A grasshopper carries on the duty of singing the everlasting song of nature. During summers, he is a fun-loving and cheerful creature and is never done with his delights.

Read more Honey Dew Poem Summaries here

During the cold winter season also, the birds are silent. There is utter silence on the frosty winter days. But the earth has its own way of expressing pleasure and joys. The song of a cricket can be heard which breaks this silence.

He sings from the stones but not from the trees. His song appears to be increasing the warmth every moment. People are able to hear it sitting in their houses. However, the poet says that to a person who is half-asleep, it may appear to be a grasshopper’s song coming from the grassy hills.

Thus, we can say that the grasshopper and the cricket, two tiny insects, perform a big responsibility. They carry on with nature’s continuous and everlasting music irrespective of the extreme climates. The poet has thus personified them. It is thus a symbolic poem. Here, the grasshopper and the cricket are a symbol of the constant joyous mood of nature.

Conclusion of On the Grasshopper and Cricket
The poem teaches us that we shall be joyful and pleasant no matter what are the situations in our life. With this attitude, we can easily overcome all the obstacles in life.

CROSSING THE BAR SUMMARY
The poem is about the approaching death of a human. The poet initiates the poem by narrating about the setting sun and the evening star. He feels that someone is calling him. It implies that he is thinking about his demise. He wonders about the sea and his journey. He does not want to hear the mournful noise of the sea. He wishes that the sea was bloated and unable to produce any sound.
The speaker announces that the time for his departure has arrived, as the day has turned dark. He does not want his farewell to be sad. He is only thinking about what he will find once he reaches his destination by crossing the bar. He hopes to meet the pilot there. By pilot, the poet implies his expected meeting with God.

THEMES IN CROSSING THE BAR
DEATH AND ACCEPTANCE

Death and its acceptance are the major subjects considered in this poem. The poet talks about his looming death. However, the tone of the poem is not sad and morbid. The poet is merely wondering about his death. He does not fear death. It seems that he has accepted his fate. He says that we must not fear death as it is an ultimate reality. Every human has to cross over to the next world. Therefore, we must not be sad about our departure and accept it unflinchingly. At the end of the poem, the speaker hopes to meet the pilot. This implies that the speaker is happily accepting death because he is eager to meet the pilot. By pilot, the speaker means God.
COURAGE
The poem delivers a message of courage and manly honor. The poem implies that a man should be honorable and dauntless in order to face the various ups and downs in his life. The poem encourages us to bravely accept death as it is inevitable.
AFTERLIFE
The poet talks about the concept of life after death in the poem. He implies that after death, he will cross over to the next world and meet the pilot. The location and nature of the place is not explicitly explained, however, according to Christian belief, it can be assumed that he is referring to heaven.
TIME
The poet through various examples wants the reader to understand that time is an important factor in life. There is a specific time for birth and a certain time for death. Similarly, when the time for death approaches, we must make peace with the fact that our time has come. The poem also implies that every happening in our life is governed by time. Therefore, we must understand that if we are dealing with bad times now, our good times will eventually come.
OLD AGE
The poet talks about old age through his references for sunset and evening. Mostly people die because of old age. However, the positive aspect of old age is that it brings wisdom. People become wise enough to accept the reality of death. They believe that death is the beginning of another life. The notion of twilight in the poem denotes rebirth.

THE HOME
The poem specifies that the true home for a soul is not in this world but the otherworld. Therefore, an individual must accept his death in order to reach his true home or destination.

My Free Time Activity

There are various free time activities that I do whenever I have spare time. For example, Walking is one of them. In my free time, I explore local parks, neighborhoods, or nature trails. Again, reading is another important part of my free time because it helps me to acquire knowledge. Moreover, Cooking has been an inseparable part my free time activities. I like to experiment with new recipes. Furthermore, learning new skills, languages, or subjects has also been another important part of my free time. Similarly, writing in my free time about my day and thoughts improve my writing skill. To speak frankly, I also do Meditation and Yoga using free online resources. Thus I enjoy my free time and these are the activities that I do in my free time.

Summary of the text: the sense of beauty.
The text highlights the universal nature of the sense of beauty, its impact on our existence, and the appreciation of inner virtues and external aesthetics. Again, the essay claims that beauty is important not only for the subjective elements but also for the significance of objective elements that creates a sense of appreciation, gratification, and inspiration in individuals. Beauty is not confined to what people see; rather, it can be found in everything. It includes both inner beauty and external aesthetics. Inner beauty lies in a pretty soul, beautiful thoughts, and beautiful literature. Inner beauty encompasses the inner qualities of a beautiful person. Inner beauty creates a lasting impact on our experience. It serves as a moral compass for individuals and contributes to build up a harmonious society. The sense of beauty enriches our emotions and imaginations, and it provides a source of inspiration. Exposure to beauty awakens our senses and evokes a sense of joy, wonder, and tranquility. The text concludes by advocating for a balance between the inner and outer realms of beauty and by fostering the sense of beauty within us as a powerful source to bring meaning to our existence.