Risan Academy

Use the correct form of verbs

Sara ___ (know) that the sun ___ (rise) in the east because it is a universal truth. She normally ___ (study) in the evening and occasionally ___ (watch) TV. In present times, students ___ (depend) a lot on the internet for learning.

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বেহেস্ত ও ফুলসিরাত

The future never dies?
SECTION 2

The prospects for humanity and for the world as a whole are somewhere between glorious and dire. It is hard to be much more precise.

A. By ‘glorious’, I mean that our descendants – all who are born on to this Earth – could live very comfortably and securely, and could continue to do so for as long as the Earth can support life, which should be for a very long time indeed. We should at least be thinking in terms of the next million years. Furthermore, our descendants could continue to enjoy the company of other species – establishing a much better relationship with them than we have now. Other animals need not live in constant fear of us. Many of those fellow species now seem bound to become extinct, but a significant proportion could and should continue to live alongside us. Such a future may seem ideal, and so it is. Yet I do not believe it is fanciful. There is nothing in the physical fabric of the Earth or in our own biology to suggest that this is not possible.

B. ‘Dire’ means that we human beings could be in deep trouble within the next few centuries, living but also dying in large numbers in political terror and from starvation, while huge numbers of our fellow creatures would simply disappear, leaving only the ones that we find convenient – chickens, cattle – or that we can’t shake off, like flies and mice. I’m taking it to be self-evident that glory is preferable.

C. Our future is not entirely in our own hands because the Earth has its own rules, is part of the solar system, and is neither stable nor innately safe. Other planets in the solar system are quite beyond habitation, because their temperature is far too high or too low to be endured, and ours, too, in principle could tip either way. Even relatively unspectacular changes in the atmosphere could do the trick. The core of the Earth is hot, which in many ways is good for living creatures, but every now and again, the molten rock bursts through volcanoes on the surface. Among the biggest volcanic eruptions in recent memory was Mount St Helens, in the USA, which threw out a cubic kilometre of ash – fortunately, in an area where very few people live. In 1815, Tambora (in present-day Indonesia) expelled so much ash into the upper atmosphere that climatic effects seriously harmed food production around the world for the season after season. Entire civilisations have been destroyed by volcanoes.

D Yet nothing we have so far experienced shows what volcanoes can really do. Yellowstone National Park in the USA occupies the caldera (the crater formed when a volcano collapses) of an exceedingly ancient volcano of extraordinary magnitude. Modem surveys show that its centre is now rising. Sometime in the next 200 million years, Yellowstone could erupt again, and when it does, the whole world will be transformed. Yellowstone could erupt tomorrow. But there’s a very good chance that it will give us another million years, and that surely is enough to be going on with. It seems sensible to assume that this will be the case.

E. The universe at large is dangerous, too: in particular, we share the sky with vast numbers of asteroids, and now and again, the come into our planet’s atmosphere. An asteroid the size of a small island, hitting the Earth at 15,000 kilometers an hour (a relatively modest speed by the standards of heavenly bodies), would strike the ocean bed like a rock in a puddle, send a tidal wave around the world as high as a small mountain and as fast as a jumbo jet, and propel us into an ice age that could last for centuries. There are plans to head off such disasters (including rockets to push approaching asteroids into new trajectories), but in truth, it’s down to luck.

F. On the other hand, the archaeological and the fossil evidence shows that no truly devastating asteroid has struck since the one that seems to have accounted for the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. So again, there seems no immediate reason for despair. The Earth is indeed an uncertain place, in an uncertain universe, but with average luck, it should do us well enough. If the world does become inhospitable in the next few thousand or million years, then it will probably be our own fault. In short, despite the underlying uncertainty, our own future and that of our fellow creatures are very much in our own hands.

G. Given average luck on the geological and the cosmic scale, the difference between glory and disaster will be made, and is being made, by politics. Certain kinds of political systems and strategies would predispose us to long-term survival (and indeed to comfort and security and pleasure of being alive), while others would take us more and more frenetically towards collapse. The broad point is, though, that we need to look at ourselves – humanity – and at the world in general in a quite new light. Our material problems are fundamentally those of biology. We need to think, and we need our politicians to think, biologically. Do that, and take the ideas seriously, and we are in with a chance. Ignore biology and we and our fellow creatures haven’t a hope.

Questions 14-19
Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 2?
In boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet write

YES if the statement is true
NO if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

14. It seems predictable that some species will disappear.
15. The nature of the Earth and human biology make it impossible for human beings to survive another million years.
16. An eruption by Yellowstone is likely to be more destructive than previous volcanic eruptions.
17. There is a greater chance of the Earth being hit by small asteroids than large ones.
18. If the world becomes uninhabitable, it is most likely to be as a result of a natural disaster.
19. Politicians currently in power seem unlikely to change their way of thinking.

Questions 20-25
Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 20-25 on your answer sheet.

The Earth could become uninhabitable, like other planets, through a major change in the 20………………….. Volcanic eruptions of 21……………………. can lead to shortages of 22……………………. in a wide area. An asteroid hitting the Earth could create a 23…………………… that would result in a new 24……………………. Plans are being made to use 25……………………..to deflect asteroids heading for the Earth.

Question 26
Choose the correct letter A, B, C , or D.
Write your answer in box 26 on your answer sheet.

26. What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage 2?

A. to propose a new theory about the causes of natural disasters.
B. to prove that generally held beliefs about the future are all mistaken.
C. to present a range of opinions currently held by scientists.
D. to argue the need for a general change in behaviour.

IELTS READING TEST Andrea Palladio: Italian architect

A new exhibition celebrates Palladio’s architecture 500 years on

A. Vicenza is a pleasant, prosperous city in the Veneto, 60km west of Venice. Its grand families settled and farmed the area from the 16th century. But its principal claim to fame is Andrea Palladio, who is such an influential architect that a neoclassical style is known as Palladian. The city is a permanent exhibition of some of his finest buildings, and as he was born – in Padua, to be precise – 500 years ago, the International Centre for the Study of Palladio’s Architecture has an excellent excuse for mounting la grande Mostra, the big show

B. The exhibition has the special advantage of being held in one of Palladio’s buildings, Palazzo Barbaran da Porto. Its bold façade is a mixture of rustication and decoration set between two rows of elegant columns. On the second floor, the pediments are alternately curved or pointed, a Palladian trademark. The harmonious proportions of the atrium at the entrance lead through to a dramatic interior of fine fireplaces and painted ceilings. Palladio’s design is simple, clear, and not over-crowded. The show has been organized on the same principles, according to Howard Burns, the architectural historian who co-curated it.

C. Palladio’s father was a miller who settled in Vicenza, where the young Andrea was apprenticed to a skilled stonemason. How did a humble miller’s son become a world-renowned architect? The answer in the exhibition is that, as a young man, Palladio excelled at carving decorative stonework on columns, doorways, and fireplaces. He was plainly intelligent and lucky enough to come across a rich patron, Gian Giorgio Trissino, a landowner and scholar, who organised his education, taking him to Rome in the 1540s, where he studied the masterpieces of classical Roman and Greek architecture and the work of other influential architects of the time, such as Donato Bramante and Raphael.

D. Burns argues that social mobility was also important. Entrepreneurs, prosperous from agriculture in the Veneto, commissioned the promising local architect to design their country villas and their urban mansions. In Venice, the aristocracy was anxious to co-opt talented artists, and Palladio has given the chance to design the buildings that have made him famous – the churches of San Giorgio Maggiore and the Redentore, both easy to admire because they can be seen from the city’s historical centre across a stretch of water.

E. He tried his hand at bridges – his unbuilt version of the Rialto Bridge was decorated with the large pediment and columns of a temple – and, after a fire at the Ducal Palace, he offered an alternative design which bears an uncanny resemblance to the Banqueting House in Whitehall in London. Since it was designed by Inigo Jones, Palladio’s first foreign disciple, this is not as surprising as it sounds.

F.Jones who visited Italy in 1614, bought a trunk full of the master’s architectural drawings; they passed through the hands of Dukes of Burlington and Devonshire before settling at the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1894. Many are now on display at Palazzo Barbaran. What they show is how Palladio drew on the buildings of ancient Rome as models. The major theme of both his rural and urban building was temple architecture, with a strong pointed pediment supported by columns and approached by wide steps.

G. Palladio’s work for rich landowners alienates unreconstructed critics on the Italian left, but among the papers in the show are designed for cheap housing in Venice. In the wider world, Palladio’s reputation has been nurtured by a text he wrote and illustrated, “Quattro Libri dell’ Architettura”. His influence spread to St Petersburg and to Charlottesville in Virginia, where Thomas Jefferson commissioned a Palladian villa he called Monticello.
H. Vicenza’s show contains detailed models of the major buildings and is leavened by portraits of Palladio’s teachers and clients by Titian, Veronese, and Tintoretto; the paintings of his Venetian buildings are all by Canaletto, no less. This is an uncompromising exhibition; many of the drawings are small and faint, and there are no sideshows for children, but the impact of harmonious lines and satisfying proportions is to impart in a viewer a feeling of benevolent calm. Palladio is history’s most therapeutic architect.

I. “Palladio, 500 Anni: La Grande Mostra” is at Palazzo Barbaran da Porto, Vicenza, until January 6th 2009. The exhibition continues at the Royal Academy of Arts, London, from January 31st to April 13th, and travels afterward to Barcelona and Madrid.

Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1. The building where the exhibition is staged has been newly renovated.
2. Palazzo Barbaran da Porto typically represents the Palladio’s design.
3. Palladio’s father worked as an architect.
4. Palladio’s family refused to pay for his architectural studies.
5. Palladio’s alternative design for the Ducal Palace in Venice was based on an English building.
6. Palladio designed both wealthy and poor people.
7 . The exhibition includes paintings of people by famous artists.

Questions 8-13
Answer the questions below
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet
8. What job was Palladio training for before he became an architect?
9. Who arranged Palladio’s architectural studies?
10. Who was the first non-Italian architect influenced by Palladio?
11. What type of Ancient Roman buildings most heavily influenced Palladio’s work?
12. What did Palladio write that strengthened his reputation?
13. In the writer’s opinion, what feeling will visitors to the exhibition experience?

আপনি কি ইংরেজিতে খুব দুর্বল?? ইংরেজিতে একবারেই কথা বলার সাহস পান না?? বাহিরে যাওয়ার ইচ্ছা কিন্তু IELTS এর ভয় পাচ্ছেন?? মনের মতো মেন্টর পাচ্ছেন না?? জয়েন করুন আমাদের ফ্রি ক্লাসে, পেয়ে যান কুমিল্লার বেস্ট টিচারের ক্লাস করার সুযোগ। আর ইংরেজির ভয় জয় করে আপনি ও হয়ে উঠোন আত্মবিশ্বাসী। IELTS এ ভালো স্কোর করে বাহিরে পড়তে যাওয়ার স্বপ্ন পূরণ করুন।
এখনি রেজিষ্ট্রেশন করুন আমাদের ফ্রি কোর্স এ। আমরাই প্রথম দিচ্ছি শতভাগ ফ্রি কোর্সের সুযোগ।

ক্লাসে জয়েন করতে নিচের ফর্মটি পূরন করুন :

https://forms.gle/eRSZgCW59EAy61ADA

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আইইলটিএস এবং বিদেশে উচ্চ শিক্ষা বিষয়ক সেমিনার

সেমিনারের সংক্ষিপ্ত বর্ণনা:
আপনি কি উচ্চ শিক্ষার জন্য এক নতুন দিগন্ত উন্মেচন করতে আগ্রহী?
বিশেষ করে আমেরিকা এবং কানাডাতে পড়ালেখা করতে চান?
তাহলে সেমিনারটি আপনার জন্য বিশেষ সহায়ক হবে।

এখনি রেজিষ্ট্রেশন করুন : https://forms.gle/dveXJe83hhezVue47

সেমিনার সুযোগ ও সামগ্রী:

IELTS :
IELTS পরীক্ষা সেমিনারে আপনি আপনার প্রস্তুতি এবং পরীক্ষার প্রস্তুতির জন্য সহায়ক তথ্য এবং পরামর্শ পেতে পারেন।

IELTS ক্লাসটি পরিচালনা করবেন কুমিল্লা ভিক্টোরিয়া সরকারী কলেজের স্বনামধন্য প্রফেসর তপন ভট্রাচার্জী যিনি মালয়েশিয়ার নটিংহ্যাম ইউনিভার্সিটিতে মাস্টার্স এসোসিয়েট ট্রেইনার হিসাবে কর্মরত আছেন।

প্রয়োজনীয় ডকুমেন্টেশন:
বিদেশে অধ্যয়ন সেমিনার আপনাকে আপনার স্যুটেবল ডকুমেন্টেশন তৈরি করার উপায়ে সাহায্য করবে, যা আপনার প্রবেশের প্রস্তাবনা সহ অন্যান্য আবশ্যক পক্ষগুলি শাখার জন্য প্রয়োজন হতে পারে।

শিক্ষা সুযোগের সন্ধান:
সেমিনারে আপনি বিভিন্ন দেশের বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে অধ্যয়নের সুযোগ এবং অধ্যয়নের ক্ষেত্রে প্রয়োজনীয় তথ্য পেতে পারবেন।

ভিসা এবং আনুমতি:
বিদেশে অধ্যয়ন সম্পর্কিত সেমিনার আপনাকে ভিসা প্রক্রিয়া, অনুমতি এবং অন্যান্য আবশ্যক ফর্মালিটি সম্পর্কে জানাবে।

ছাত্রের অভিজ্ঞতা:
আমরা একটি সাক্ষাৎকার ব্যবস্থা আয়োজন করব, যেখানে আপনি বিদেশে অধ্যয়ন করার পরিকল্পনা সম্পর্কে উপকারী তথ্য পেতে পারবেন।

অনলাইন আইএলটিএস ক্লাসের সময়সূচী

তারিখ: ১২ আগষ্ট ২০২৩
সময়: সন্ধ্যা ৭ টা

আরো বিস্তারিত জানতে কল করুন বা whatsapp করুন :

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Writing Task 2

Children are facing more pressures nowadays from academic, social and commercial perspectives.
What are the causes of these pressures and what measures should be taken to reduce these pressures?

write at least 250 words

READING TEST 1 Save the turtles
SECTION 1

A. Leatherback turtles follow the general sea turtle body plan of having a large, flattened, round body with two pairs of very large flippers and a short tail. Like other sea turtles, the leatherback’s flattened forelimbs are adapted for swimming in the open ocean. Claws are absent from both pairs of flippers. The Leatherback’s flippers arc the largest in proportion to its body among extant sea turtles. Leatherback’s front flippers can grow up to 2.7 meters (9 ft) in large specimens, the largest flippers (even in comparison to its body) of any sea turtle. As the last surviving member of its family, the leatherback turtle has several distinguishing characteristics that differentiate it from other sea turtles. Its most notable feature is that it lacks the bony carapace of the other extant sea turtles.

B. During the past month, four turtles have washed up along Irish coasts from Wexford to Kerry. These turtles arc more typical of warmer waters and only occur in Irish waters when they stray off course. It is likely that they may have originated from Florida, America. Two specimens have been taken to Coastal and Marine Resources Centre (stored at the National Maritime College), University College Cork, where a necropsy (post mortem for animals) will be conducted to establish their age, s*x and their exact origin. During this same period, two leatherback turtles were found in Scotland, and a rare Kemp’s Ridley turtle was found in Wales, thus making it an exceptional month for stranded turtles in Ireland and the UK.

C. Actually, There has been extensive research conducted regarding the sea turtles’ abilities to return to their nesting regions and sometimes exact locations from hundreds of miles away. In the water, their path is greatly affected by powerful currents. Despite their limited vision, and lack of landmarks in the open water, turtles are able to retrace their migratory paths. Some explanations of this phenomenon have found that sea turtles can detect the angle and intensity of the earth’s magnetic fields.

D. However, Loggerhead turtles are not normally found in Irish waters, because water temperatures here are far too cold for their survival. Instead, adult loggerheads prefer the warmers waters of the Mediterranean, the Caribbean and North America’s east coast. The four turtles that were found have probably originated from the North American population of loggerheads. However it will require genetic analysis to confirm this assumption. It is thought that after leaving their nesting beach as hatchlings (when they measure 4.5 cm in length), these tiny turtles enter the North Atlantic Gyre (a giant circular ocean current) that takes them from America, across to Europe (Azores area), down towards North Africa, before being transported back again to America via a different current. This remarkable round trip may take many years during which these tiny turtles grow by several centimetres a year. Loggerheads may circulate around the North Atlantic several times before they settle in the coastal waters of Florida or the Caribbean.

E. These four turtles were probably on their way around the Atlantic when they strayed a bit too far north from the Gulf Stream. Once they did, their fate was sealed, as the cooler waters of the North East Atlantic are too cold for loggerheads (unlike leatherback turtles which have many anatomical and physiological adaptations to enable them to swim in our seas). Once in cool waters, the body of a loggerhead begins to shut down as they get ‘cold stunned’, then get hypothermia and die.

F. Leatherbacks are in immanent danger of extinction. A critical factor (among others) is the harvesting of eggs from nests. Valued as a food delicacy, Leatherback eggs are falsely touted to have aphrodisiacal properties in some cultures. The leatherback, unlike the Green Sea turtle, is not often killed for its meat; however, the increase in human populations coupled with the growing black market trade has escalated their egg depletion. Other critical factors causing the leatherbacks’ decline are pollution such as plastics (leatherbacks eat this debris thinking it is jellyfish; fishing practices such as longline fishing and gill nets, and development on habitat areas. Scientists have estimated that there are only about 35,000 Leatherback turtles in the world.
G. We are often unable to understand the critical impact a species has on the environment—that is, until that species becomes extinct. Even if we do not know the role a creature plays in the health of the environment, past lessons have taught US enough to know that every animal and plant is one important link in the integral chain of nature. Some scientists now speculate that the Leatherback may play an important role in the recovery of diminishing fish populations. Since the Leatherback consumes its weight in jellyfish per day, it helps to keep Jellyfish populations in check. Jellyfish consume large quantities of fish larvae. The rapid decline in Leatherback populations over the last 50 years has been accompanied by a significant increase in jellyfish and a marked decrease in fish in our oceans. Saving sea turtles is an International endeavor.

QUESTIONS
Question 1-6
Choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below.
Write appropriate numbers (i-x) in boxes 1 -6 on your answer sheet.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.

List of Headings
i. Sea turtles are found in unusual locations
ii. Unique features of the Leatherbacks
iii. The Leatherback’s contribution
iv. Methods used for routes tracking
v. Predict the migration routes
vi. Remains multiplicity within the species
vii. The progress of hatching
viii. The fate of the lost turtles
ix. How trips suppose to look like?
x. Factors leading to population decline

1. Paragraph B
2. Paragraph C
3. Paragraph D
4. Paragraph E
5. Paragraph F
6. Paragraph G
Question 7 -13
Choose words from the passage to answer the questions 7-13. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

7. How many Leatherback turtles are there in the world?
8. What is the most noticeable difference between other sea turtles and leatherbacks?
9. What candle therback turtles to die in Irish waters?
10. Where did the four turtles probably come from?
11. By which means can sea turtles retrace their migratory paths?
12. For what purpose are Green Sea turtles killed by people?
13. What kind of species will benefits from a decline in Leatherback populations?