29/07/2026
The evidence is clear: early CPR and defibrillation save lives
The NSW Ambulance Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry recorded 10,625 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest events during 2024. Resuscitation was attempted, or the person regained circulation before paramedics arrived, in 3,587 cases.
The report provides powerful evidence about the importance of immediate action by members of the public. This is an outstanding result and first aid trainers should be congratulated.
When bystanders performed CPR before paramedics arrived:
• 8.3% of patients were alive 30 days later
• Without bystander CPR, only 0.5% survived for 30 days
When a bystander delivered a shock using an automated external defibrillator (AED):
• 45% of patients were alive 30 days later
• Where no bystander AED shock was delivered, survival was 2.6%
These figures should be interpreted carefully. They do not mean CPR or an AED will produce the same outcome in every cardiac arrest. Factors such as whether the arrest was witnessed, the person’s initial heart rhythm, the cause of the arrest and how quickly treatment commenced also affect survival.
Although these are NSW results, there is every reason to expect the same overall pattern across Australia. Victorian registry data also show substantially better survival when bystanders provide CPR and use an AED. The exact percentages vary because states use different patient groups and outcome measures, but the message remains consistent: early action improves the chance of survival.
The NSW report also found that the median ambulance response time to a witnessed cardiac arrest was 10 minutes across the state and 12 minutes outside metropolitan NSW. Those minutes before paramedics arrive are critical.
A cardiac arrest cannot wait for an ambulance.
Recognise the emergency. Call Triple Zero (000). Start CPR. Send someone for an AED. Apply it as quickly as possible and follow its instructions.
CPR training gives people the confidence to act. Accessible AEDs give them the equipment needed to provide the intervention that may restart a person’s heart.
DE1061-OHCAR-2024-Report_V5.pdf.pdf (4.3 MB)
Source: NSW Ambulance Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry – 2024 Report