DotNet Framework by Sai Balaji Education

Variable Scopes

->A ―variable scope simply is something, which decides the lifetime of the variable.
->The variable scope depends on the place, where the variable is declared in the program.
->For example, a variable is declared in ―if block, is available only within the ―if block itself.



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Type casting

Def: The process of converting the value from one data type to another data type is called as ―Casting. This is of two types.

1. Implicit Casting:
The value can be converted by the compiler automatically, without using any extra statement.

2. Explicit Casting:
The value can be converted by the programmer using a conversion method.
Implicit Casting Implicit casting is possible in the following cases.

->Any numerical value from lower to higher type.
Ex: byte to short short to int float to double etc.

->Any numerical value from non-decimal type to decimal type.
Ex: int to float long to double etc. The following table shows the all possible implicit conversions supported by C #.



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Basic terminology in c #.net :

->Statement: It‘s a line in the program.

--------------;
->Keyword: It‘s a reserved word, which has some pre-defined meaning. Ex: void, class, struct, using, while, do, for, if, else etc.
->Data type: It‘s a keyword, which specifies the type of the data that you are going to store in a variable or constant. Ex: int, float, char, string etc.
->Variable: It‘s a named memory location, which contains a particular type value and which value can be changed during the program ex*****on.
data_type variable_name;
->Constant: It‘s a fixed value, which value can‘t be changed during the program ex*****on. Ex: 1, 10, ‗a‘, ―abcd.
->Operator: It‘s a symbol, which performs some operation. Ex: +, -, *, /, ++ etc.
->Condition: It‘s an expression, which can have a result (True / False).
(x == y)
->Array: It‘s a collection of multiple values, of same data type.
->Enumeration: It‘s a collection of multiple constants. For each constant, one integer value will be associated automatically, starting from 0.
->Class: It‘s a collection of fields, properties and methods (member functions).
class
{
//fields
//properties
//methods
}
->Object: It‘s an instance to the class. The memory will be allocated for the object only, not for the class. It is able to access the members of the class. An object can be created as follows:
classname objname = new classname();
->Field / Data Member: It‘s a variable, declared inside of the class.
->Property: It‘s almost all similar to the filed. The additional feature of property is, it executes some code automatically, whenever the value is changed.
->Method / Member Function: A function, defined inside of a class. It‘s a collection of few statements. It can receive one or more arguments and can return a value.
->Argument / Parameter: A value that can be sent as an input value for the method.
->Return value: A value that is given back to the calling portion of the function, as a result.
->Namespace: It‘s a collection of few classes. A namespace can also contain sub namespaces.



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C #.net :
--------------------------------------------------
->It‘s a programming language, offered by .NET Framework.
->It is recommended for both .NET programming beginners and .NET professionals.
->This is the mostly used language used by most of the IT companies today.
->It derives some programming features from ―C and ―C++ also.
->It is the object oriented programming language.
->It is the case sensitive language.
->The programmer, having knowledge in C and C++ can easily understand the programming in C #.

File extensions in c #.net

->Project File Extension: ―.csproj (means C Sharp Project)
->Code File Extension: ―.cs (means C Sharp)



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Introduction to .NET Framework

->The .NET framework is a collection of many small technologies integrated together, to develop most powerful applications which can be executed anywhere and anytime.
->In other words, .NET Framework is a Microsoft's development platform, which is used for development of software applications.
->It‘s a ―Network enabled technologies collection‖. That‘s why it was named as ―.NET. There is no any abbreviation for ―.NET.
->It can also be considered as ―Frontend Tool‖ as it is used to develop the frontend applications.
->For the any live project development, we require two tools to be used:
Frontend tool: It is used to develop UI (User Interface), which is actually visible by the user. The UI can be termed as ―Application‖. The limitation of application is: any frontend application can‘t store the data. That‘s why you require backend tool to store the necessary data.

Backend tool: It acts as storage mechanism. The data related to the project will be stored in this backend tool. It allows us to create and store the databases. Ex: Oracle, SQL Server, My SQL, Sybase, DB2 etc.



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Redirecting to other webpage using c sharp dotnet:

Response.Redirect("Contact.aspx");
// Response.Redirect() Works within app to Redirect

Server.Transfer("Contact.aspx");
//Server.Transfer() Works across server to Redirect

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writing on webpage using c sharp dotnet:

Response.Write("Hi");
//Write() will not move cursor to newline

Response.WriteLine("Hello");
//WriteLine() moves cursor to newline

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writing on console in c sharp dotnet:

Console.Write("Hi");
//Write() will not move cursor to newline

Console.WriteLine("Hello");
//WriteLine() moves cursor to newline

Console.Read();
//reads character from console

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