01/30/2021
Did you know that America’s first female doctor was born exactly two centuries ago? Happy 200th birthday to Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell! Born Feb. 3, 1821 in Bristol, England, Elizabeth Blackwell came to America at age 11, where she grew up desperately poor. Blackwell decided to pursue the career of a doctor after a dying friend lamented that she could have been spared the worst of her suffering if only she could have had a female physician.
Blackwell applied to several different medical colleges but none would except women. The rejections steeled her resolve. “I would rather die than give it up,” she told a friend. Finally she tried Geneva Medical College in New York. The dean put the question of accepting Elizabeth to a vote. If only one of the all-male student body said no, she would not be received. The students believed that the dean was making a joke, and Blackwell was accepted unanimously.
Her fellow medical students smirked and mocked, while the townspeople of Geneva regarded her as wicked or insane. Nevertheless, she persisted, gradually earning their respect and graduating first in her class. For her doctoral thesis she studied typhus fever, one of the era’s worst diseases for the poor. In 1847 she became the first woman to earn a medical diploma from a traditional medical school. She quickly recruited her sister, Emily, who in 1854 became only the third licensed female doctor in America.
The sisters traveled to Europe to continue their training, but Elizabeth suffered a serious eye infection while practicing in Paris, and permanently lost her sight in her left eye.
Back in America, Drs. Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell decided to create their own hospital. They opened a place where the poor could receive care in the Lower East Side of New York, then founded a hospital where other new female doctors could get the experience they needed, but no one else would provide. Their New York Infirmary for Indigent Women and Children opened in 1857 and their women’s medical college opened 11 years later.
Elizabeth wrote frequently and traveled widely. A visionary, she said, “a hundred years hence, women will not be what they are now.” She helped establish the London School of Medicine for Women in 1874. She stayed to teach gynecology there for decades.
By the time the Drs. Elizabeth and Emily Blackwell died in 1910, women doctors made up 6% of the nation’s physicians. Today, more than half of all medical students are women.
Learn more: Elizabeth wrote her life story in 1895: http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/blackwell/pioneer/pioneer.html
Do you want the children in your life to know about remarkable people like Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell? She is just one of the history-making people featured on educational placemats from Great Faces Learning. From Clara Barton to Abraham Lincoln, from Rosa Parks to Chief Joseph, we bring together the luminaries of our world to help guide our children into a better future. Learn more at www.greatfaceslearning.com.