For the love of English language

Another reason for spelling problems is so-called swallowed pronunciation, which means one or more letters at the end of a word aren't pronounced clearly. For example, the - D ending in used to or prejudiced or the - TEN ending in written are often swallowed rather than pronounced.
When writers spell as they mispronounced, spelling errors result.

This is an INCORRECT sentence.
Three causes of inflation are: easy credit, costly oil, and consumer demand.

CORRECT.
Three causes of inflation are easy credit, costly oil, and consumer demand.

EXPLANATION.
The problem here is a common one: the misused colon. You should avoid placing a colon between a verb (ARE) and its object (EASY CREDIT).

The verbs LIE and LAY are particularly confusing. Lie means " to recline, to place oneself down or to remain." Lay is intransitive ( it cannot be followed by an object). Lay means " to put something down." lay is transitive ( it must be followed by an abject) If you can see the image the word lay is both the past tense of lie and the present-tense simple form of lay. That makes things difficult. The best advice is memorize them.

INTRANSITIVE FORMS
Present tense : the hikers lie down to rest.
Past tense : the hikers lay down to rest.

TRANSITIVE FORMS
Presenr tense : the hikers lay their backpacks on a rock.
Past tense : the hikers laid their backpacks on a rock.
[Backpacks is a direct object)

2. Foolish or unintelligible talk. [L Lat.]

Usage: informal

The phrase is thought to have been introduced by the puritans. Hyamson refers to a work by Pryane entitled Sovereign Power of Parliament (1643) to support this theory.

"Adam's ale, about the only gift that has descended undefiled from the garden of Eden"
Emery A. STORRS. Adam's Ale. 1875.