The Law Brief

25/09/2026

'D' kills 'B' during a fight after 'B' initially attacked him. Discuss whether 'D' can rely on self-defence.

24/09/2026

What happen in court if the trial proceedings of unsoundness of mind is established?

20/09/2026

14/09/2026

when dose a company became insolvent? what are the liabilities that arise fron insolvency?
Discuss.

09/09/2026

Shout out to my newest followers! Excited to have you onboard! Oluwole Adeniyi, Shei Mohammed, Ravi Ag, Liquidel Emmanuel, Mukesh Matreja, Maruti Lohatkar, Uwague Osasumwen Austine, Titilayo Olusola Emmanuel, Santosh Gupta, Shrawan Kumar Vishwakarma, Julius Benjamin, Agboola Prince Bright, Sarath Kumar, Segun Peter, Kassim Shabban, Binod Kumar, Sangeeta Jain, Victor Igyor, Paarth Singh, Papa Sumo, Richard Kayimbi, Ugbede Idachaba, Nelson Friday Ihekaire, Bassey Edet, Markson Fefegha, Foluso Oladeji, Michael Brownson Owor, Allan Chewe Stranger, Sudhakar Kanojiya, Haley Wilkerson, Abel Osarobo, Ahsan Mushtaq, Megbuwawon Olatunji John, Pam Hosea, Preeti Kaldhone, Tavonga Chivanga, Monday Simon, Gokul SP, Chitra Shan Kailash, Ancient Marshall Shango, Victor Mwela, Mazi Nwachukwu Peter, Sanjay Kumar, Umar Sumaila Smart, Nnani Emmanuel, Zahid Sayyed, Pawan Kshirsagar, Nwankwo Prince Humble, SoleMonkey Sole, Umar Farooq

25/08/2026

What is conflict of laws?

18/08/2026

quiz time;
ask any question in the comments section.

15/08/2026

Big shout out to my new rising fans! Muka Ability

27/07/2026

Memorandum of Association (MOA)
The Memorandum of Association (MOA) is the principal constitutional document of a company. It establishes the company's identity and defines the scope of its powers and activities. It also governs the relationship between the company and persons outside the company, such as creditors, customers, and government authorities.

A). Features of a Memorandum of Association
It is the charter or constitution of the company.
It defines the company's objectives and powers.
It specifies the limits within which the company can operate.
It is a public document available for inspection.
It binds the company and its members.
It can only be altered in accordance with the applicable company law.

B). Contents (Clauses) of a Memorandum of Association
Name Clause – States the registered name of the company.
Registered Office Clause – Indicates the state or location of the company's registered office.
Objects Clause – States the main objectives and business activities of the company.
Liability Clause – Specifies whether members' liability is limited or unlimited.
Capital Clause – States the authorised share capital and how it is divided into shares (for companies with share capital).
Association or Subscription Clause – Contains the declaration by the subscribers expressing their intention to form the company and become its first members.

C). Importance of the Memorandum of Association
It gives the company a legal identity.
It protects shareholders and creditors by defining the company's powers.
It informs the public about the company's objectives and scope of business.
It serves as the foundation upon which the company is incorporated.

Example
If a company is formed to manufacture and sell furniture, its Memorandum of Association will state that the company's object is to manufacture, distribute, and sell furniture. If the company starts operating a banking business without legal authority, it may be acting outside the powers stated in its Memorandum.

Articles of Association (AOA)
The Articles of Association (AOA) is a legal document that contains the internal rules and regulations for the management of a company. It governs the relationship between the company, its directors, shareholders, and other officers, and explains how the company's affairs are to be conducted.

A). Features of the Articles of Association
It is the internal rulebook of the company.
It regulates the management and administration of the company.
It defines the rights and duties of directors and shareholders.
It is subordinate to the Memorandum of Association.
It binds the company and its members.
It can generally be amended by passing a special resolution, subject to the applicable company law.

B). Contents of the Articles of Association
Share Capital and Shares – Rules on the issue, transfer, and forfeiture of shares.
Directors – Appointment, powers, duties, remuneration, and removal of directors.
Meetings – Procedures for shareholders' and directors' meetings.
Voting Rights – Rules on voting and passing resolutions.
Dividends – Procedures for declaring and paying dividends.
Accounts and Audit – Maintenance of financial records and appointment of auditors.
Company Seal – Rules governing the use of the company's common seal (where applicable).
Winding Up – Procedures to be followed when the company is dissolved.

C). Importance of the Articles of Association
It provides a framework for the company's day-to-day management.
It protects the rights and responsibilities of shareholders and directors.
It helps prevent disputes by clearly setting out internal procedures.
It ensures the company is managed in an orderly and efficient manner.

Example
A company's Articles of Association may provide that:
The board of directors consists of five directors.
The company holds its Annual General Meeting (AGM) once every year.
Each shareholder has one vote for every share they own.
Dividends are declared only after approval by the shareholders.

25/07/2026

Hii everyone