π IT & Network Engineer | CCNA R&S | CCNP R&S | CCNA Wireless | MCSE | Fortinet | ASA | Firepower | Palo Alto | Cloud | VMware | Hyper-V | Networking | Labs
15/06/2026
π TCP vs UDP
β‘ TCP π
Connection oriented
Reliable delivery
Error checking
Ordered packets
Slower
β‘ UDP β‘
Connectionless
No guarantee delivery
No ordering
Faster
Low overhead
β‘ Use Cases π
TCP web email file transfer
UDP streaming gaming voice
TCP ensures accuracy, UDP ensures speed based on application needs.
15/06/2026
π BGP Multi Homing
β‘ Multi Homing π
One network connects to multiple ISPs
β‘ Redundancy π
If one link fails, traffic uses another
β‘ Load Sharing β‘
Traffic can be balanced across links
β‘ BGP Routing π‘
Selects best path using attributes
β‘ AS Number π§©
Required for BGP configuration
β‘ Policy Control π
Control inbound and outbound traffic
BGP multi homing improves availability, reliability, and control in enterprise networks.
10/06/2026
π Video Management System
β‘ VMS π₯
β‘ CCTV Cameras πΉ
β‘ NVR DVR πΎ
β‘ Live Monitoring π₯
β‘ Recording Playback π
β‘ Remote Access π
β‘ User Control π
Video Management System controls, records, and monitors CCTV cameras from a central platform.
09/06/2026
π OSI Reference Model
β‘ Application Layer π‘
β‘ Presentation Layer π―
β‘ Session Layer π
β‘ Transport Layer π¦
β‘ Network Layer π
β‘ Data Link Layer π
β‘ Physical Layer π
OSI model defines how data moves across a network in 7 layers from user application to physical transmission.
09/06/2026
π OSPF Quick Review
β‘ OSPF π
Link state routing protocol
β‘ Areas π
Area 0 backbone required
β‘ Metric π
Uses cost based on bandwidth
β‘ DR BDR π‘
Elected in multi access networks
β‘ Fast Convergence β‘
Quick route updates
β‘ LSAs π
Exchange routing information
OSPF provides fast, scalable, and efficient routing in modern networks.
π CCNA Commands
β‘ show running config π
β‘ show ip interface brief π
β‘ show ip route π
β‘ show vlan brief π§©
β‘ show mac address table π
β‘ configure terminal β
β‘ interface g0 0 π
β‘ ip address π‘
β‘ no shutdown π
β‘ copy running config startup config πΎ
CCNA commands help you configure, verify, and troubleshoot Cisco devices in real networks.
08/06/2026
π IP Address vs MAC Address vs Subnet Mask
β‘ IP Address π
Logical address
Used for communication between networks
Example 192.168.1.1
β‘ MAC Address π
Physical address
Unique to each device
Example 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E
β‘ Subnet Mask π
Defines network and host portion
Used to divide networks
Example 255.255.255.0
IP identifies device on network, MAC identifies device hardware, subnet mask defines network boundaries.
08/06/2026
π Half Duplex vs Full Duplex
β‘ Half Duplex π
Data flows in one direction at a time
Example Walkie Talkie
β‘ Full Duplex π
Data flows in both directions at the same time
Example Phone Call
β‘ Key Difference π
Half duplex is slower
Full duplex is faster and more efficient
Duplex mode defines how devices send and receive data in a network.
08/06/2026
π What is BGP
β‘ BGP π
β‘ Path Vector Protocol π
β‘ Internet Routing π
β‘ AS Number π’
β‘ Best Path Selection π
BGP is a routing protocol used to exchange routes between different networks on the internet using autonomous systems.
08/06/2026
π Network Fundamentals
β‘ IP Address π
β‘ Subnetting π
β‘ VLAN π§©
β‘ Routing π
β‘ Switching π
β‘ DNS π
β‘ DHCP π‘
β‘ NAT π
β‘ Firewall π
Network fundamentals define how devices connect, communicate, and exchange data across networks.