Dr. Sayed Afzal Shah

اگر کسی کے پاس فگونیہ (Fagonia) کی تصاویر ہیں تو براہ کرم مجھے ان باکس کریں۔ شکریہ

There's no shortcut in taxonomy, my friends. You’ve got to follow the proper process. Start by learning plant morphology, getting comfortable with Latin terminology, and familiarizing yourself with at least 30 major plant families. That’s your foundation. 🌱💚🎉

Assalam o Alaikum!
A terminology-rich lecture has been uploaded to YouTube.
Watch and share with your classmates or students.
Link to the video is given in the first comment

A study analyzed ancient human DNA to chart the history of infectious diseases over 37,000 years, primarily focusing on Europe and Asia. Researchers discovered the earliest evidence of zoonotic disease, where pathogens jump from animals to humans, dating back 6,500 years, with a significant increase around 5,000 years ago, coinciding with the rise of livestock domestication. While 214 known human pathogens were detected, including diphtheria and yersiniosis, tuberculosis was not found, possibly due to its low concentration in the bloodstream. This extensive research, the largest of its kind, holds potential implications for future medicine and vaccine development.

Scientists create a 'map' of human infectious diseases spanning 37,000 years By analyzing ancient DNA, scientists determined when, where and how our ancestors got sick from infectious diseases.

A secret meeting in California where 30 leading mathematicians tested an AI chatbot powered by o4-mini, a reasoning large language model developed by OpenAI. This AI demonstrated surprising prowess in solving complex mathematical problems, even those devised by the experts to challenge it, often outperforming seasoned academics in speed and reasoning depth. While the mathematicians were impressed by the AI's capabilities, they also expressed concern about its potential for "proof by intimidation" and the future role of human mathematicians if AI continues to advance at this pace, suggesting a shift towards collaborative problem-posing with AI.

AI outsmarted 30 of the world's top mathematicians at secret meeting in California The world's leading mathematicians were stunned by how adept artificial intelligence is at doing their jobs.

Assalam o Alaikum, botanist friends!
Here is lecture No. 3.
The link is given in the 1st comment

Assalam o Alaikum.

The video has been uploaded to YouTube.

Aerial roots grow above the ground and often hang or climb from stems or branches. They aren’t just about support—they also help with breathing and absorbing moisture.

Aerial roots

Ranunculus root cross section

Stilt roots of maize plant

Stilt roots are specialized roots that grow from the lower part of a plant’s stem and angle outward before entering the soil. They look like little stilts or tripods, giving the plant extra balance.