Knowledge Treasure

10/04/2023

https://youtu.be/O2bdCf2Txj8

In this video a historical perspective of Pakistan's failure is given in details.What are the reasons for the economic crisis of Pakistan is discussed in thi...

24/03/2021

********PASSES IN PAKISTAN :

1. The pass which connects Abbot Abad and Gilgat, is Babusar pass,.
2. The pass which connects Dir with Kohistan, district Badawi pass,.
3. The highest pass in Pakistan,an ancient trading route, between Kashmir and china, situatedat the height of 5575 is Karakoram pass,.
4. The pass which connects Sindh plain, with, Queeta is Bolanpass,.
5. The pass which connects Chitralwith Wahkan, is, Baroghil pass,.
6. The pass which connects, Mardan with Malakand,.is,Dargai pass,.
7. The pass which connects Dera Ismail khan with Ghazni, (Afghanistan) is ,Gomal pass,.
8. The pass which connects ,Qila Abdullah with Chaman, is Khojak pass,.
9. The height of Khunjrab pass, is 4555 meters.
10. The worlds’ highest passes ,such as Khunjrab Lawari and Shandoor, are situated in Western mountain range,.
11. The pass which connects Peshawar with Afghanistan, is Lawaripass,.
12. the total length of Khyber pass, is 63 km.
13. The pass which connects Gilgat with China, it is situated at the height of 4827 meters is, Zagar pass,.
14. The pass which connects Peshawar with Chitral is Malakand pass.

18/03/2021

Wonder and Facts :

13/03/2021

Question: Which star is at the center of our Solar System?

Ans: Sun

Question: What is the diameter of Sun?

Ans: 1,392,684 km (865,374 mi)

Question: What percent of the solar system’s mass does Sun holds?

Ans: 99.8 percent

Question: How many stars are in the Milky Way?

Ans: more than 100 billion

Question: When was Sun born?

Ans: roughly 4.6 billion years ago

Question: What is the distance between sun and earth?

Ans: 92,960,000 miles (149,600,000 km)

Question: Sun’s Chemical Composition ?

Ans: 71% of Hydrogen, 26.5% Helium and2.5% of other elements

Question: How much time does sun rays take to reach earth?

Ans: 8 minutes

Question: Which planet isnearest tothe earth ?

Ans: MERCURY

Question: At how mush speed Moon moves across the Sun?

Ans: 2,250 km per hour

11/03/2021

Genre:سٹائل
Lofty:بلند و بالا
Texture:ساخت
Monarchy:شہنشاہیت
Protagonists:اہم کردار
Protagonist:فلم کا مرکزی کردار
Fiction:افسانے
Eventual:ممکنہ
Dudes:دوستوں
Promptly:فوری طور پر
Dude:یار
Chivalry:شوری
Allude:اشارہ
Commenced:شروع
Conceived:حاملہ
Mock:فرضی
Alien:اجنبی
Supremacy:بالادستی
Exploits:کارناموں
Descendents:اولاد
Zeal:جوش
Tottering:لڑکھڑاتے
Disposed:نمٹا
Proceeded:روانہ
Wanderer:آوارہ
Mingled:ملایا گیا
Regale:دعوت
Posterity:اولا
Miniature:چھوٹے
Acme:اوج کمال
Sphere:دائرہ
Revenue:آمدنی
Chary:ہوشیار
Succeeded:کامیاب ہو گئے
Mutiny:غدر
Discomfiture:اضافہ
Retaliation:جوابی کارروائی
Humiliation:ذلت
Suspicion:شکوک وشبہات
Suffering:مبتلا
Impotence:نامردی
Reconciled:صلح
Convinced:اس بات پر یقین
Humiliated:توہین
Moorings:لنگر
Anguish:غم
Kindling:جلا
Prostration:سجدہ
Tide:لہر
Rose:گلاب
Bias:تعصب
Sentiment:جذبات
Rudimentary:ابتدائی
Character:کردار
Terse:جامع
Distant:دور
Pro:نواز
Whipping:کوڑے
Wiping:مسح
Instigation:اکساہٹ
Sagacious:عاقل
Cease:جنگ بندی
Foreseeable:قابل قیاس
Rivet:سپرمین
Salvation:نجات
Sway:ڈولنا
Obsession:جنون
Insane:پاگل
Manifesto:منشور
Watchword:مشورہ
Forged:جعلی
Realm:دائرے
Stir:ہلچل
Aptness:اپنی طرف متوجہ
Obstancy:ضد
Seek:طالب
Seek Out:لوگوں کو تلاش کرنا
Vie:تیزی
Competence:اہلیت

09/03/2021

08/03/2021

PREPOSITIONS attached to certain words:

1.abide...........by
2.absorbed....... In
3.abstain ......from
4.Accomplice......with
5.accused...... (Sb)of(sth)
6.accustomed..... To
7.addicted........ To
8.adhere........ To
9.admit........to/into
10.advantage....... Over (sb) of (sth)
11.advantage........ Of(sth)
12.affection.......... For
13.afflicted......,. With
14.afraid......... Of
15.agree.......... To(proposal)
16.agree............. With(a person)about/on sth
17.aim .......at
18.aloof........from
19.alternative......... To
20.amazed.......... At
21.angry............with/at(sb)
22.angry............at/about(sth)
23.anxious.......... For(sb)
24.anxious........ About (sth)
25.apologize...... To(sb) for (sth).
26.appeal........ To(sb)for(sth)
27.appetite..... For
28.approach........to
29.akin........to
30.acclimatize........ To
31.apparent........ To(sb)
32.apparent...... From(sth)
33.appoint.......(sb)to(sth)
34.apply........ To(sb)for(sth)
35.appropriate........ To/for
36.approve..............of
37.aptitude............ For
38.ashamed............ Of
39.aspire...................to
40.assent..................to
41.associate..........with
42.dissociate........from
43.assure...............of
44.astonished........ At
45.atone................. For.
46.attached..............to
47.attend..................to
48.attribute......(sth) to (sth/sb)
49.authority........Over(=power)
50.authority............ On(=expert)
51.avail.........(oneself)of(sth)
52.averse.................to
53.ban(n)..............On
54.ban(v)...........(sb)from(sth/doing sth)
55.bad..........at(=not good at)
56.bad............for(=harmful)
57.believe.............in
58.beneficial................ To
59.benefit................ By/from
60.blame.............(sb/sth)for(sth).
61.boast................of
62.bound............... For
63.burden(n)............... To
64.burden(v)................with
65.busy.................with
66.bearing.............. On
67.campaign........... Against/for
68.capable............... Of
69.concern.............. For/about
70.careful...............about/for
71.caution............ About/against
72.charge.............. With
73.claim..................on/to
74.clash........... With(sb)over(sth)
75.collide................with
76.Collude.........with(sb)in(sth)
77.comment................on
78.compare..........to(=to show likeliness)
79.compare ..............with(=to show contrast)
80.compassion.......... For
81.compatible........... With
82.compensation....... For
83.compliance............ With
84.compliment............. On
85.comply................. With
86.conducive............. To
87.confide.............in(=trust)
88.confide.............to(=tell)
89.confidence.............In.
90.confident............. Of/about
91.confined.......... (Sb/sth)to(sth)
92.conform............ To
93.conformity......... With
94.congenial............. To
95.congratulate......... (Sb)on(sth)
96.connect.......(sth)to(sth)
97.consent............. To
98.consist................of
99.contemporary........ With
100.contempt........... For
___________------------------___________

07/03/2021

★Father of Biology: *Aristotle*
★Father of Physics: *Albert Einstein*
★Father of Chemistry: *Jabir Bin Hayan*
★Father of Statistics: *Ronald Fisher*
★Father of Zoology: *Aristotle*
★Father of History: *Herodotus*
★Father of Microbiology: *Louis Pasteur*
★Father of Botany: *Theophrastus*
★Father of Algebra: *Diophantus*
★Father of Blood groups: *Landsteiner*
★Father of Electricity: *Benjamin Franklin*
★Father of Trigonometry: *Hipparchus*
★Father of Geometry: *Euclid*
★Father of Modern Chemistry: *Antoine Lavoisier*
★Father of Robotics: *Nikola Tesla*
★Father of Electronics: *Ray Tomlinson*
★Father of Internet: *Vinton Cerf*
★Father of Economics: *Adam Smith*
★Father of Video game: *Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr.*
★Father of Architecture: *Imhotep*
★Father of Genetics: *Gregor Johann Mendel*
★Father of Nanotechnology: *Richard Smalley*
★Father of Robotics: *Al-Jazari*
★Father of C language: *Dennis Ritchie*
★Father of World Wide Web: *Tim Berners-Lee*
★Father of Search engine: *Alan Emtage*
★Father of Periodic table: *Dmitri Mendeleev*
★Father of Taxonomy: *Carolus Linnaeus*
★Father of Surgery (early): *Sushruta*
★Father of Mathematics: *Archimedes*
★Father of Medicine: *Hippocrates*
★Father of Homeopathy: *Samuel Hahnemann*
★Father of Law: *Cicer*

06/03/2021

Vocabulary
Vote of confidence
Published in Dawn, March 6th, 2021
bizarre عجیب
obvious ظاھر، صاف، عیاں
endeavour کوشش- عزم
compelled مجبور کرنا
rivals ہم سري - برابری - مقابلہ
consolidated مضبوط . منجمد . سخت
bravado گيدڑ بھبکي
ought چاہيے مناسب ہے
deescalate گنجایش پیدا کرنا
impulsive تحريک يافتہ- اکسايا ہوا
fraught بھَرا ہُوا ۔ پُر ۔ لَدا ہُوا

03/03/2021

Vocabulary Time :

Compendiousجامعcontaining a lot in a small space/few words

Conciliatoryمفاہمانہ – صلح پسندانہbringing together; ending a dispute; soothing

Concordاتحاد – اتفاق راۓagreement

Condoneدر گزر کرناtolerate

Conflagrationآتش زدگیgreat fire

Congenialخوش گوارfriendly; sociable; suitable

Connoisseurجاننے والا پرکھنے والاexpert with good taste/ judgement

Consecrateوقف کرنا – مختص کرناdedicate; make holy

Consummateمکمل کرناsupremely good

Contagiousمتعدیpassed on through touch; infectious

Convergenceاجماعcoming together

Convivialیار انہsociableCopiousکثیرin large amount

Corollaryنتیجہٴ صریحconsequence; inference

Corpulenceموٹا – بہت موٹاvery fat-ness

Corroboratedثابت کرنا – توثیق کرناsupported; given supporting evidence

Credulityہر بات پر يقين کرنے والاbelief on slight evidence

Cumulativeمسلسل بڑھنے والےbuilding up

Cursoryسرسریsuperficial

Curtailپابندی لگاناcut short

Dallianceناز و نیازnon-serious involvement; toying or playing

Dearthکمیshortage; lacking

Debacleشرمناک ناکامیdisaster

Debilitateکمزورweaken

Debunkبے نقاب کرناthrow out old indeas

Defermentالتوا – تاخیرputting off

Deleteriousمضر – مہلکharmful

Deliberationغور و خوضcareful thought

Delineateخاکہ بنانا – لکیر کھینچناoutline

Demagogueبازاری لیڈرmob leader; agitator

Demonstrativeمظاہرہ کرنے والاexpressing emotions freely

Denudedجِسے ننگا یا عریاں کر دیا گیا ہوstripped

Depreciatoryتحقیر آمیزdevaluing; criticizing

Derelictلاوارثrundown; abandoned

Deridedتضیحک کرنا – مذاق اڑاناmocked

Despoiledمایوسplunder; rob; deprive

Deviousپیچدار۔ پُرفریب۔cunning

Didacticمعلمانہ – تعلیمیintending to preach or teach; an act of teaching

Dilatoryسُست ، کاہِل ، تاخیر کرنے والاslow; sluggish

Disarmingخوش کنcharming; unthreatening

Discernmentسمجھ بوجھjudgment

Discrepancyاختلافinconsistency

Disillusionedغلط فہمی سے آزادیfreed from wrong ideas

Disingenuousمکاری – چال بازیcrafy; double dealing

Disparagingنفی کرنا – کم قدری کرناcritical

Distensionپھیلاؤswelling; distend; expand

Multifariousانواع و اقسام کاhaving many aspects

Myopicقریب نظری میں آنکھ کے اندر ہلالی گومڑ بنناshort-sighted (literal or metaphoric)

Naiveteبھولا بھالinnocence; lack of worldliness

Nefariousبدمعاش – بدکردارinfamous; very wicked

Negateانکار کرناwipe out; nullify

Nemesisزہر قاتل – روگfate; doom

Nihilismمنکر مذہبbelief in nothing; anarchy

Nondescriptمجہول ۔ غیر معروف ۔ نا مُشخصhaving no special qualities; ordinary

Notorietyبدنامیinfamy

Obsequiousچاپلوسslavish; fawning

Occlusionبند کرناshutting out

Officiousسرکاریinterfering

Onerousسخت بوجھل بوجھ ڈالناburdensome

Opacityدھندلاپنlack of transparency; being opaque

Opportunismموقع پرستgrabbing opportunities

Optingانتخاب کرنا – ترجیح دیناchoosing

Opulenceعیش و عشرتlavish display of wealth

Ornateمزین – زیبائشیextremely decorated

Overhaulنیا کر دینے کا عملrenovate; examine

Palliativeآرام پہنچانے والی شہeasy pain

Pathosرقت انگیزی کیفیتsadness; stirring the emotions; gloomy

Paucityکمیscarcity; shortage

Peerہم رتبہAn equal; to look closely at

Peevishnessبداخلاقیchildish sullenness; irritability

Penchantزبردست رجحانtendency; leaning toward; liking

Penuriousخیل – کنجوسmiserly

Perquisitesاضافی مراعاتperks; sth you recieve for your job

Petulantشوخیtouchy; sulky; peevish

Phlegmaticکاہلcalm; imperturbable

Phobicخوف کا مرضfearful (Root phobia always implies fear)

Pilferچراناsteal; filch; rustle

Placidپرسکون,peaceful.

21/02/2021

Computer shortcut keys :

List of Control Key Shortcuts
•Ctrl+A These two keys will select all text or other objects.
•Ctrl+B Bold highlighted text.
•Ctrl+C Copy any selected text or another object.
•Ctrl+D Bookmark an open web page or open font window in Microsoft Word.
•Ctrl+E Center text.
•Ctrl+F Open find window.
•Ctrl+G Open Find in a browser and word processors.
•Ctrl+H Open the Find and Replace in Notepad, Microsoft Word, and WordPad
•Ctrl+I Italicize text.
•Ctrl+J View downloads in browsers and set justify alignment in Microsoft Word.
•Ctrl+K Create a hyperlink for the highlighted text in Microsoft Word and many HTML editors.
•Ctrl+L Select address bar in a browser or left align text in a word processor.
•Ctrl+M Indent selected text in word processors and other programs.
•Ctrl+N Create a new page or document.
•Ctrl+O Open a file in most programs.
•Ctrl+P Open a print window to print the page you're viewing.
•Ctrl+R Reload page in browser or right align text in a word processor.
•Ctrl+S Save the document or file.
•Ctrl+T Create a new tab in an Internet browser or adjust tabs in word processors.
•Ctrl+U Underline selected text.
•Ctrl+V Paste any text or another object that has been copied.
•Ctrl+W Close open tab in a browser or close a document in Word.
•Ctrl+X Cut selected text or another object.
•Ctrl+Y These keys will redo any undo action.
•Ctrl+End Moves cursor to the end of a document instead of end of the line.
•Ctrl+Z Pressing these two keys will undo any action.
•Ctrl+Esc Open the Windows Start Menu.
•Ctrl+Tab Switch between open tabs in browsers or other tabbed programs.
•Ctrl+Shift+Tab Will go backwards (right to left).
•Ctrl+⇧Shift+Z Redo
•Ctrl+[ Decrease font size
•Ctrl+] Increase font size
•Ctrl+= Toggle font subscript
•Ctrl+⇧ Shift+= Toggle font superscript
•Ctrl+End Bottom (end of document or window)
•Ctrl+Home Top (start of document or window)
•Ctrl+Insert Copy
•Ctrl+PgDn Next tab
•Ctrl+PgUpPrevious tab
•Ctrl+Tab↹Next window or tab
•Ctrl+⇧Shift+Tab↹Previous window or tab
•Ctrl+← Previous word
•Ctrl+→ Next word
•Ctrl+Delete Delete next word
•Ctrl+← Backspace Delete previous word
•Ctrl+Alt+← Backspace Restart X11
•Ctrl+Alt+↑ Rotate screen right-side up
•Ctrl+Alt+↓ Rotate screen upside down
•Ctrl+Alt+← Rotate screen left
•Ctrl+Alt+→ Rotate screen right
•Ctrl+⇧Shift+EscOpen task manager
•Ctrl+Alt+Del Reboot; Open task manager or session options
Shortcut Keys and their Functions: Some commonly used computer short cut keys are documented below.
Short-cut Keys and their Descriptions
Alt + F: File menu options in current program.
Alt + E: Edit options in current program
F1: Universal Help in almost every Windows program.
Ctrl + A: Select all text.
Ctrl + X: Cut
Shift + Del: Cut selected item.
Ctrl + C: Copy selected item.
Ctrl + Ins: Copy selected item.
Ctrl + V: Paste selected item.
Shift + Ins: Paste.
Home: Goes to beginning of current line.
Ctrl + Home: Goes to beginning of document.
End: Goes to end of current line.
Ctrl + End: Goes to end of document.
Shift + Home: Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
Shift + End: Highlights from current position to end of line.
Ctrl + Left arrow: Moves one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl + Right arrow: Moves one word to the right at a time.
Shortcut Keys and their Functions: Below is a listing of all the major shortcut keys in Microsoft Word.
Shortcut Keys and their Descriptions
Ctrl + A: Select all contents of the page.
Ctrl + B: Bold highlighted selection.
Ctrl + C: Copy selected text.
Ctrl + X: Cut selected text.
Ctrl + P: Open the print window.
Ctrl + F: Open find box.
Ctrl + I: Italic highlighted selection.
Ctrl + K: Insert link (Shortcut Keys and their Functions).
Ctrl + U: Underline highlighted selection.
Ctrl + V: Paste.
Ctrl + Y: Redo the last action performed.
Ctrl + Z: Undo last action.
Ctrl + L: Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen.
Ctrl + E: Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen.
Ctrl + R: Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen.
Ctrl + M: Indent the paragraph.
Ctrl + Shift + F: Change the font.
Ctrl + Shift + >: Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increases font +2pts.
Ctrl + ]: Increase selected font +1pts.
Ctrl + Shift +