Clinical Curse

Clinical Curse

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A gaurdian page for medical geeks who are cursed by FCPS MD MRCP MEDICINE . 🎥 Discover the World of Clinical Medicine! Look no further!

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03/06/2023

*HYPERCALCAEMIA*

🔸 *Causes:*

❇️With normal or elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels-

• Primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism
• Lithium-induced hyperparathyroidism
• Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia

❇️With low PTH levels-

• Malignancy (lung, breast, myeloma, renal, lymphoma, thyroid)
• Elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D intoxication, sarcoidosis, human
immunodeficiency virus, other granulomatous disease)
• Thyrotoxicosis
• Paget's disease with immobilisation
• Milk-alkali syndrome
• Thiazide diuretics

🔸 *Clinical features:*

â—ŹNausea
â—Źvomiting
â—Źconstipation
â—ŹPolyuria, polydipsia, nocturia
â—ŹAlteration of mental status, confusion, coma
â—ŹHeadache
â—ŹDepression
â—ŹAbdominal pain
â—ŹRenal colic

🔸 *Past medical history:* Malignancy

🔸 *Drug history:* thiazides, tamoxifen

🔸Family history of hypercalcaemia raises the possibility of FHH or
MEN.

🔸 *Investigations:*
â—ŹS.calcium
â—ŹS.albumin to calculate total corrected calcium level
PTH level
â—ŹPlain Xray abdomen
â—ŹUSG of abdomen
â—ŹInvestigations of underlying cause, malignancy

🔸 *Treatment:*

â—ŹHydration
â—ŹBisphosphonates
â—ŹStop of offending drug
â—ŹTreatment of underlying cause.

03/06/2023
31/05/2023

Evaluation of Cushings Syndrome

19/05/2023

Localization Of MI

19/05/2023

CAUSES OF HYPERTENSION

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