19/11/2025
10✴️Al-Madd
Madd affects letters which the reciter needs to stretch longer than they usually would. The elongation differs depending on the situation and the symbol present. The length of the Madd is usually described by the number of harakat or beats. Each different sub-rule has its name, but to keep things clear and concise they are grouped by the number of beats instead. The names of all of the rules are provided in one of the referenced links.
The madd letters are:
[ ا و ى ]
11✴️Two Beat Madd
When one of the Madd letters is connected to another letter not followed by a hamza or letter with sukoon, then elongate it for only two beats. This is referred to as the natural Madd. If a hamza precedes a Madd letter, then the prolongation is still only 2 beats.
دِينُكُمْ = dee nukum
يَا = yaa
عَابِدُونَ = A’aa be doona
If one stops at a word that ends in a tanween fatha, turn the tanween into an alif Madd.
أَفْوَاجًا = Aff waa jaa
Flexible Madd (two, four, or six)
If one stops at a word in which there is a Madd before the last letter, then one can exaggerate the Madd to four or six beats. Two beats is still the minimum required here and one can do the elongation to four or six only if they stop at the word.
إِلَٰهِ النَّاسِ = ilaa hinnnaaaas
12✴️Four Beat Madd
If there is a Madd letter in the middle of a word and a hamza follows it, the Madd should be prolonged by four or five beats. Similarly, if the word ends in a Madd and the beginning of the next word starts with a hamza, then the Madd should again be prolonged by four or five beats.
إِذَا جَاءَ = idhaa jaaaa a
(Although both dhal and ja contain an alif Madd, ja is extended longer due to the hamza)
13✴️Six Beat Madd
If a letter with a shaddah follows a Madd letter, then the Madd letter should be prolonged for 6 beats.
وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ = wa laddaaaaaalleeen
If a letter with a sukoon follows after a Madd letter, then the Madd letter should be prolonged for 6 beats.
