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PPSC FPSC Preparation, S, Lahore (2026)

22/09/2026

*PAKISTAN STUDIES — IMPORTANT FACTS
----------------------------------------------------------------------

*First Constitutional Assembly of Pakistan
📌 20 July 1947
The First Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was formed.

📌 26 July 1947
It was officially notified under the Indian Independence Act, 1947, with constitutional arrangements based on the Government of India Act, 1935 (as amended).

📌 10 August 1947
The first session of the Constituent Assembly was held at the Sindh Assembly Building, Karachi.

*First Session Chairman:
J. N. Mandal (Jogendra Nath Mandal)

*Total Members:
69 members initially
➡️ Later increased to 79 members

*First Cabinet of Pakistan
📌 15 August 1947
Pakistan's first federal cabinet was formed.

*TOTAL CABINET MEMBERS: 7
1️⃣ Liaquat Ali Khan
➡️ Prime Minister
➡️ Defence & Commonwealth Affairs

2️⃣ Fazlur Rehman
➡️ Minister for Interior & Education

3️⃣ Sir Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
➡️ Minister for Foreign Affairs

4️⃣ J. N. Mandal
➡️ Minister for Law

5️⃣ Abdul Rab Nishtar
➡️ Minister for Communications

6️⃣ Ghazanfar Ali Khan
➡️ Minister for Health

7️⃣ Ghulam Muhammad
➡️ Minister for Finance
------------------+++++---------------------------

13/09/2026

Tashkent Declaration Signed : 10 January 1966✔

1. Signed between: Pakistan & India ✔

2. `Signed by`

- *Pakistan*: President Ayub Khan

- *India*: PM Lal Bahadur Shastri

3. *Place*: Tashkent, USSR - Now Uzbekistan ✔
4. *Mediated by*: Soviet Premier *Alexei Kosygin* ✔
5. *Reason*: After *1965 Indo-Pak War* to restore peace ✔

6. *Lal Bahadur Shastri died*: Next day after signing, 11 January 1966 in Tashkent due to heart attack ✔

07/09/2026

About China
-------------------+

-Independence 1 Oct 1949
-Republic 1912
-Uno joined 1971
-Pak accept China 1950
-Diplomatic relation pak n China 1951
-Old name ...peking
-Pak China share shortest boarder 599km
-CPEC ...start April 2015-2030.

04/09/2026

*10 Major Motorways of Pakistan:*

1. *M-1 | Islamabad-Peshawar Motorway* - 155 km
"Gateway to KPK" via Margalla Hills

2. *M-2 | Lahore-Islamabad Motorway* - 367 km
The first and busiest motorway. "The backbone"

3. *M-3 | Lahore-Abdul Hakeem Motorway* - 230 km
Connects Lahore to Multan via M-4

4. *M-4 | Pindi Bhattian-Faisalabad-Multan Motorway* - 309 km
Industrial heartland route

5. *M-5 | Multan-Sukkur Motorway* - 392 km
Part of CPEC. 6-lane, world class

6. *M-6 | Sukkur-Hyderabad Motorway* - 306 km
Under construction. Will complete Karachi-Peshawar link

7. *M-9 | Karachi-Hyderabad Motorway / Super Highway* - 136 km
Main route to Sindh's capital

8. *M-10 | Karachi Northern Bypass* - 57 km
Freight corridor for Karachi Port

9. *M-11 | Lahore-Sialkot Motorway* - 91 km
Connects to industrial city + export zone

10. *M-14 | Islamabad-D.I Khan Motorway* - 285 km
Hakla-DI Khan. Part of CPEC Western Route.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

29/08/2026

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🏦 Q.1
Who is the current Governor of the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP)?
🅰️ Ali Khan
🅱️ Jameel Ahmad ✅
🅲 Ishrat Ibaad
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⚖️ Q.2
Who is the current Director General of NAB?
🅰️ Usman Anwar
🅱️ Nazir Ahmad Butt ✅
🅲 Maqsood Ahmed
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🕵️ Q.3
Who is the current Director General of FIA?
🅰️ Dr. Usman Anwar ✅
🅱️ Riffat Mukhtar Raja
🅲 Gohar Mukhtar
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📮 Q.4
Who is the current Director General of Pakistan Post Office?
🅰️ Ali Ishfaq
🅱️ Maqsood Ahmed ✅
🅲 Tabassum Ali
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🌊 Q.5
Who is the current Chairman of NDMA?
🅰️ Muhammad Shakeel Shah
🅱️ Lt. General Inam Haider ✅
🅲 Major Ali
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
⚡ Q.6
Who is the current Chairman of WAPDA?
🅰️ Major Ghafoor Ahmad
🅱️ Major General (Retd.) Saeed Ahmad ✅
🅲 Major Ahmad Ali
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🔌 Q.7
Who is the current Chairman of NEPRA?
🅰️ Muhammad Saeed
🅱️ Waseem Mukhtar ✅
🅲 Imam Haider Malik
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🔥 Q.8
Who is the current Chairman of OGRA?
🅰️ Nabeel Ahmad Awan ✅
🅱️ Ali Ahmad Sheikh
🅲 Wassme Akhtar
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
☪️ Q.9
Who is the current Chairman of the Council of Islamic Ideology (CII)?
🅰️ Allama Muhammad Raghib Hussain Naeemi ✅
🅱️ Qibla Ayaz
🅲 Mufti Muneeb
🅳 None of these
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
🏔️ Q.10
Who is the current President of Azad Jammu & Kashmir (AJK)?
🅰️ Allama Muhammad Raghib Hussain Naeemi
🅱️ Sultan Mahmood Chaudhry
🅲 Faisal Mumtaz
🅳 Chaudhry Latif Akbar ✅
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

20/08/2026

Oil & Gas Reserves in Pakistan:
-------------------------------------------------

1. Which province is the largest producer of natural gas in Pakistan? — Sindh

2. Sui Gas Field is located in which province? — Balochistan

3. Sui Gas Field is located in which district? — Dera Bugti

4. Sui Gas Field was discovered in which year? — 1952

5. Which is Pakistan’s most famous gas field? — Sui Gas Field

6. Which province has major oil-producing fields such as Nashpa and Mela? — Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

7. Nashpa Oil Field is 2mplocated in which province? — Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2m8. Mela Oil Field is located in which province? — Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

9. Mari Gas Field is located in which province? — Sindh

10. Qadirpur Gas Field is located in which province? — Sindh

11. Kandhkot Gas Field is located in which province? — Sindh

12. Which province contains the largest number of important gas fields? — Sindh

13. Adhi Oil Field is located in which province? — Punjab

14. Pindori Oil Field is located in which province? — Punjab

15. Balkassar Oil Field is located in which province? — Punjab

16. Dhulian Oil Field is located in which province? — Punjab

17. Pakistan’s major onshore oil and gas producing areas are mainly found in which provinces? — Sindh, Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

18. Which province is especially famous for Pakistan’s largest gas field, Sui? — Balochistan

19. Which natural resource is Sui particularly famous for? — Natural Gas

20. Mari Gas Field is associated with which company? — Mari Petroleum Company Limited

21. OGDCL stands for what? — Oil and Gas Development Company Limited

22. PPL stands for what? — Pakistan Petroleum Limited

23. Which company has historically been associated with Sui Gas Field? — Pakistan Petroleum Limited

24. Which province is an important center of Pakistan’s petroleum industry? — Sindh

25. Which province is known for oil fields such as Nashpa and Mela? — Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

26. Which province has Adhi and Pindori oil fields? — Punjab

27. Oil is mainly measured in which unit? — Barrels

28. Natural gas reserves are commonly measured in what unit? — Cubic feet

29. Which resource is transported through gas pipelines? — Natural Gas

30. Sui Gas Field is located in which district of Balochistan? — Dera Bugti
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

22/07/2026

FIFA World Cup Current Affairs
-------------------------------------------------*
FIFA Football World Cup 2026
Current FIFA World Cup Champion (Holder): Spain
Runner-up (2026): Argentina
Third Place: England
Fourth Place: France
Hosts of FIFA World Cup 2026: USA, Canada & Mexico
Edition of FIFA World Cup 2026: 23rd
Total Participating Teams: 48
Total Groups: 12
Teams in Each Group: 4
Total Matches: 104
Final Match Date: 19 July 2026
Final Venue: MetLife Stadium, New Jersey, USA
First 48-team FIFA World Cup: 2026
FIFA Founded: 21 May 1904
FIFA Headquarters: Zürich, Switzerland
FIFA President: Gianni Infantino
Official Languages of FIFA: English, French, German & Spanish
Most Successful World Cup Team: Brazil (5 titles)
First FIFA World Cup Winner: Uruguay
First FIFA World Cup Host: Uruguay
2022 FIFA World Cup Champion: Argentina
2022 FIFA World Cup Host: Qatar
2026 World Cup Opening Host Country: Mexico
2026 Final Host Country: United States
Only Country to Host Three Men's FIFA World Cups: Mexico
Number of FIFA Member Associations: 211
World Cup Held After Every: 4 years
Confederations in FIFA: 6
FIFA Stands For: Fédération Internationale de Football Association
First World Cup Held Outside Europe and South America: South Africa (2010)
Country with Most World Cup Titles: Brazil (5)
Country with Second Most Titles: Germany (4)
Country with Third Most Titles: Italy (4)
Argentina's Total World Cup Titles: 3
Spain's Total World Cup Titles (after 2026): 2
First Asian Country to Host FIFA World Cup Alone: Qatar (2022)
Official Trophy Name: FIFA World Cup Trophy
Original Trophy (1930–1970): Jules Rimet Trophy
Current Trophy Introduced: 1974
Most Recent World Cup (2026) Champion: Spain

゚viralシ

12/07/2026

*_Important Rivers
---------------------+-------

1. Which river is called "The Sorrow of Bengal"?⇒ *Brahmaputra.*

2. Which river forms the world's largest delta?⇒ *Ganges - Brahmaputra Delta.*

3. Which river rises from the Kailash Mountain in Tibet ? → *Indus* .

4. Which river flows through the Great Rift Valley? ⇒ *Zambezi* .

5. Which ancient civilization developed on the banks of this river? ⇒ *Tigris and Euphrates (Mesopotamian Civilization).*

6. Which river is known as "The Lifeline of Egypt"? ⇒ *Nile.*

7. Which river originates from the confluence of Bhagirathi and Alaknanda? ⇒ *Ganga* .

8. Which river is the boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan ? ⇒ *Khyber (Kabul) River.*

9. Which is the longest river in South America? ⇒ *Amazon.*

10. Which river passes through three continents (Europe, Asia and Africa)? *Bosporus.*

11. Which river is called "The Butter Churn"? ⇒ *Sutlej.*

12. Which river is famous for being the deepest river in the world? → *Congo.*

13. Which river is the main tributary of the Nile? ⇒ *Blue Nile.*

14. Which river is known as "The Golden River of Russia"? ⇒ *Volga* .

15. Which river is associated with the famous city of Venice? ⇒ *Grand Canal (offshoot of Brenta River).*

16. Which river is called "Darya-e-Sindh" in classical literature? → *Indus.*

17. Which river is the major source of irrigation in Pakistan? *Indus River.*

18. Which river is known for its Horseshoe Falls? *Niagara.*

19. Which river has the world's largest freshwater lake in its basin? *St. Lawrence.*

20. Which river is known for the Aswan High Dam? ⇒ *Nile* .

12/07/2026

Memory-Based MCQs (Mixed Batches)

Q1. How many Muslim commanders were martyred in the Battle of Mu'tah? A) 2 B) 3 ✅ C) 4 D) 5

Q2. Bolan Pass is located in: A) Punjab B) Sindh C) Balochistan ✅ D) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Q3. Which is the largest Makki Surah of the Holy Quran? A) Surah Al-An'am B) Surah Al-A'raf ✅ C) Surah Maryam D) Surah Yasin

Q4. Who wrote Macbeth? A) Charles Dickens B) William Shakespeare ✅ C) John Milton D) Jane Austen

Q5. What is the capital of Ethiopia? A) Nairobi B) Addis Ababa ✅ C) Kampala D) Khartoum

Q6. What is the currency of Japan? A) Yuan B) Won C) Yen ✅ D) Ringgit

Q7. What was the old name of Thailand? A) Burma B) Siam ✅ C) Ceylon D) Kampuchea

Q8. SAARC was established in: A) 1983 B) 1985 ✅ C) 1987 D) 1990

Q9. Stearic acid is a: A) Saturated fatty acid ✅ B) Unsaturated fatty acid C) Amino acid D) Carbohydrate

Q10. Malaria is caused by: A) Bacteria B) Virus C) Protozoa (Plasmodium) ✅ D) Fungus

Q11. The chemical formula of Ethyne is: A) C₂H₄ B) CH₄ C) C₂H₂ ✅ D) C₃H₄

Q12. The current Secretary-General of the OIC is: A) Yousef Al-Othaimeen B) Hissein Brahim Taha ✅ C) Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu D) Iyad Madani

Q13. Which country hosted the first SAARC Summit in 1985? A) Pakistan B) India C) Bangladesh ✅ D) Nepal

Q14. The Battle of Mu'tah took place in present-day: A) Saudi Arabia B) Jordan ✅ C) Syria D) Iraq

Q15. The capital of Japan is: A) Osaka B) Kyoto C) Tokyo ✅ D) Hiroshima

Q16. The main objective of the Lucknow Pact (1916) was: A) Complete Independence B) Hindu-Muslim unity and constitutional reforms ✅ C) Formation of Pakistan D) End of World War I

Q17. A major feature of the Lucknow Pact was: A) Abolition of elections B) Separate electorates for Muslims accepted by Congress ✅ C) Partition of Bengal D) Simon Commission reforms

Q18. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the USA-Russia-Ukraine trilateral meetings? A) Climate Change Agreement B) Peace negotiations and ceasefire efforts in the Russia-Ukraine conflict ✅ C) Formation of NATO D) Trade Agreement

Q19. Malaria is caused by: A) Virus B) Bacteria C) Protozoa (Plasmodium) ✅ D) Fungus

Q20. Ethyne has the chemical formula: A) CH₄ B) C₂H₄ C) C₂H₂ ✅ D) C₂H₆

Q21. A bag contains 4 blue balls and 3 red balls. The probability of selecting a red ball is: A) 3/4 B) 4/7 C) 3/7 ✅ D) 1/2

Q22. Out of 140 machines, 30 are defective. The probability of selecting a defective machine is: A) 3/14 B) 11/14 C) 3/14 ✅ D) 30/110

Q23. A tank is half full. After adding 30 litres, it becomes three-fourths full. The total capacity of the tank is: A) 100 litres B) 110 litres C) 120 litres ✅ D) 150 litres

Q24. A shopkeeper increases the price by 20% and then decreases it by 20%. The overall change is: A) No change B) 4% increase C) 4% decrease ✅ D) 20% decrease

Q25. A mother is four times as old as her daughter. After 5 years, the sum of their ages will be 60 years. The daughter's present age is: A) 8 years B) 10 years ✅ C) 12 years D) 15 years

Q26. If 15 boys and 6 girls are available, the number of ways to select 3 girls is: A) 15 B) 20 ✅ C) 30 D) 120

Q27. Which statement best supports the passage on environmental protection? A) Human activities have no effect on the environment. B) Sustainable practices can reduce environmental damage. ✅ C) Only natural disasters cause pollution. D) Industrialization should never be controlled.

Q28. The passage on bowerbirds concludes that their nest-building styles are: A) Entirely genetic B) Culturally learned ✅ C) Random D) Due to climate only

Q29. The decrease in palm fruit productivity after 1984 is best explained if: A) The pollinating weevils declined or were affected by disease/pesticides. ✅ B) Palm trees stopped flowering. C) Farmers stopped cultivation. D) Rainfall completely stopped.

Q30. The current Secretary-General of the OIC is: A) Iyad Madani B) Yousef Al-Othaimeen C) Hissein Brahim Taha ✅ D) Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu

゚viralシ

11/07/2026

پاک و ہند کے روایتی اور بہترین گرمی خور درخت (Heat-Tolerant Trees) جو عام طور پر اگاۓ جاتے ھیں، اگر ھم اپنے اپنے گاؤں، دیہاتوں اور شہروں کو گرمی سے بچانے (Urban Heat کو کم کرنے) اور پرندوں کو واپس لانے کے لیے درخت لگانا چاہتے ہیں تو کھلی جگہوں پر لگانے کے لیے ہمارے یہ درخت سب سے بہترین ہیں-

نیم (Neem) اور دھریک (Bakain/Chinaberry)، گرمی کا توڑ کرنے کے لیے پاکستان کے سب سے بہترین درخت ھیں- یہ شدید گرمی میں درجہ حرارت کو کم کرتے ہیں اور یہ ہوا کو بھی صاف کرتے ہے-

ٹاہلی/شیشم (Sheesham)، پنجاب اور سخی دھرتی کا روایتی درخت- یہ سخت گرمی برداشت کرتا ہے، اس کا سایہ گھنا ہوتا ہے اور اس کی لکڑی انتہائی پائیدار ہوتی ہے-

برگد/بوہڑ (Banyan) اور پیپل (Peepal)، یہ دونوں درخت سائے کی فراہمی اور ماحول کو ٹھنڈا رکھنے کے معاملے میں سپر ہیرو ہیں- پیپل رات کے وقت بھی آکسیجن فراہم کرتا ہے اور برگد کا پھیلاؤ ایک پورے محلے کو چھاؤں دے سکتا ہے-

کیکر (Babool/Acacia) اور بیر (Ber)، یہ خاص طور پر پاکستان کے خشک اور صحرائی علاقوں (جیسے تھر، چولستان اور بلوچستان کے گرم علاقے) کے لیے بہترین ہیں، جہاں پانی کی کمی ہوتی ہے مگر یہ درخت وہاں بھی ہرا بھرا رہ کر زمین کو ٹھنڈا رکھتے ہیں-

کنیر (Oleander)، یہ بنیادی طور پر ایک بڑا جھاڑی نما درخت ہے، جو صحرائی اور نیم خشک علاقوں میں بھی شان سے اگتا ہے- شدید ترین گرمی اور پانی کی شدید کمی کے باوجود اس پر گرمیوں میں خوبصورت پیلے، گلابی یا سفید پھول کھلتے ہیں- یاد رہے کہ یہ درخت زہریلا ہوتا ہے، اس لیے اسے مال مویشی سے دور سڑکوں کے کناروں پر لگایا جاتا ہے-

سرس (Siris) اور سکھ چین (Sukh Chain)، یہ بہت تیزی سے بڑھنے والے سایہ دار درخت ہیں، جن کی چھتری نما یا گھنی شکلیں سڑکوں کو دھوپ سے بچانے کے لیے بہترین ہیں- گرمیوں میں ان پر خوشبودار پھول آتے ہیں اور یہ آلودگی کو جذب کرنے کی بہترین صلاحیت رکھتے ہیں-

نیلی گل مہر (Jacaranda)، اگرچہ یہ اصل میں جنوبی امریکہ کا درخت ہے لیکن یہ پاکستان کی آب و ہوا میں بہت اچھی طرح ڈھل چکا ہے- بہار اور گرمی کے آغاز میں اس پر پتوں سے زیادہ خوبصورت جامنی اور نیلے پھول آتے ہیں- یہ شہروں کی خوبصورتی بڑھانے اور شہری تپش (Urban Heat) کو کم کرنے کے لیے بہت مفید ہے-

گل مہر (Gulmohar)، دنیا کے خوبصورت ترین پھولدار درختوں میں سے ایک ہے- مئی اور جون کی شدید گرمی میں جب دیگر درخت مرجھا رہے ہوتے ہیں، گل مہر سرخ اور نارنجی پھولوں سے لد جاتا ہے- اس کی پھیلتی ہوئی شاخیں سڑکوں اور پارکوں کو گھنا سایہ فراہم کرتی ہیں-

سوہانجنا (Moringa)، اسے سائنسی دنیا میں کرشماتی درخت (Miracle Tree) کہا جاتا ہے- یہ کم ترین پانی اور بنجر زمین پر بھی تیزی سے بڑا ہوتا ہے- اس کے پتے، پھلیاں اور جڑیں انسانی صحت کے لیے کثیر وٹامنز اور غذائیت سے بھرپور ہیں اور یہ ماحولیاتی تبدیلیوں کے خلاف ایک بہترین ہتھیار ہے-

ان مقامی درختوں کو وسیع طور پر لگانے کا سب سے بڑا فائدہ یہ ہے کہ انہیں ہمارے ماحول کے مطابق ڈھلنے کے لیے زیادہ پانی یا خاص دیکھ بھال کی ضرورت نہیں ہوتی اور یہ یہاں کے مقامی پرندوں اور شہد کی مکھیوں کے لیے بہترین مسکن ثابت ہوتے ہیں-

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