Juris Society SZAB School of law

Today's ADJ paper Sindh High Court

📢 ISPR Summer Internship 2026 – Opportunity Awaits!

Dear Students,

Applications are now open for the ISPR Summer Internship 2026.

This is a great opportunity to gain practical experience, enhance your professional skills, and explore future career pathways.

Last Date to Apply:
Monday ,June 22, 2026

🔗 Apply Here:
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe5dvsK7n7O7F7pbWmRtb8JL44xt3KTkbguR4gFu2-7M6nlsA/viewform?usp=preview

Don't miss this chance to learn, grow, and build your future!

Applicants for the Law Admission Test (LAT) scheduled on Sunday, June 21, 2026, can download their Roll Number Slips from
etc.hec.gov.pk

For any queries, please visit: onlinehelp.hec.gov.pk

*⚖️ Expert Evidence* – When Courts Need Specialized Knowledge

📖 (Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984)

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*🚨 WHY THIS TOPIC MATTERS?*

Judges are experts in law, but they are not experts in every field of science, medicine, engineering, handwriting, or digital technology.

_👉 When a case involves technical or specialized matters, the court may seek the opinion of an expert._

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*🔴 WHAT IS EXPERT EVIDENCE?*

👉 Expert evidence is the opinion of a person who possesses special skill, education, training, or experience in a particular field.

💡 Core Idea:
_👉 Experts assist the court in understanding matters that require specialized knowledge._

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*🔵 WHO IS AN EXPERT?*

An expert may be:

✔️ A doctor
✔️ A forensic scientist
✔️ A handwriting expert
✔️ A fingerprint expert
✔️ A ballistics expert
✔️ A digital forensic analyst
✔️ Any person with recognized expertise in a relevant field

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*🟡 WHEN IS EXPERT OPINION RELEVANT?*

Expert opinion becomes relevant when the court has to form an opinion regarding:

✔️ Medical issues
✔️ Cause of death
✔️ Fingerprints
✔️ Handwriting or signatures
✔️ Digital evidence
✔️ Scientific examinations
✔️ Technical matters beyond ordinary knowledge

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*🔴 IS EXPERT EVIDENCE CONCLUSIVE?*

❌ No.

👉 Expert opinion is only advisory.

✔️ The court may accept it.
✔️ The court may reject it.
✔️ The court evaluates it along with other evidence.

_💡 An expert assists the court but does not decide the case._

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*🔵 MEDICAL EVIDENCE AS EXPERT EVIDENCE*

In criminal cases, doctors often provide expert opinions regarding:

✔️ Nature of injuries
✔️ Cause of death
✔️ Time of death
✔️ Weapon used
✔️ Age of injuries

_💡 Medical evidence usually supports or contradicts ocular evidence._

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*🟡 HANDWRITING AND FINGERPRINT EXPERTS*

Experts may compare:

✔️ Signatures
✔️ Handwriting samples
✔️ Thumb impressions
✔️ Fingerprints

_👉 Their opinion helps the court determine authenticity._

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*🔴 LIMITATIONS OF EXPERT EVIDENCE*

Expert evidence may become weak if:

❌ Methodology is doubtful
❌ Opinion lacks scientific basis
❌ Expert is biased
❌ Opinion conflicts with proven facts

_💡 The credibility of the expert is always important._

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*⚖️ PRACTICAL EXAMPLE*

👉 In a murder case, the prosecution alleges that death occurred at 10:00 PM.

👉 Medical expert states that, based on scientific examination, death likely occurred at 4:00 PM.

_➡️ The court may use this expert opinion to assess the truthfulness of other evidence._

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*⚖️ KEY PRINCIPLE*

_👉 "An expert helps the court understand facts; the court alone decides the case."_

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*⚖️ Recovery Evidence & Discovery of Facts*

📖 (Qanun-e-Shahadat Order, 1984 & CrPC Principles)

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*🚨 WHY THIS TOPIC MATTERS?*

In many criminal cases, important evidence is recovered because of information provided by the accused.

_👉 A weapon, stolen property, or other incriminating object may be discovered through information that was previously unknown to investigators._

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*🔴 WHAT IS RECOVERY EVIDENCE?*

👉 Recovery evidence refers to an article, weapon, document, or object recovered during investigation that is connected with the offence.

Examples include:

✔️ Murder weapon
✔️ Stolen property
✔️ Illegal arms
✔️ Forged documents
✔️ Articles used in commission of crime

_💡 Recovery often provides an important link in the chain of evidence._

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*🔵 WHAT IS DISCOVERY OF FACT?*

👉 Discovery of fact occurs when information supplied by an accused leads investigators to a previously unknown fact or object.

💡 Core Idea:

_The value lies not merely in the statement of the accused, but in the fact that the information leads to a real discovery._

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*🟡 WHY IS DISCOVERY IMPORTANT?*

If the accused points out something that only the offender was expected to know, it may strengthen the prosecution case.

Examples:

✔️ Location of hidden weapon
✔️ Place where stolen property is concealed
✔️ Location of incriminating documents
✔️ Identification of hidden evidence

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*🔴 ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS*

For discovery evidence to carry value:

✔️ Information must come from the accused.
✔️ The information should lead to a discovery.
✔️ The discovered fact must be relevant to the case.
✔️ Recovery should be properly documented and witnessed.

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*🔵 IS RECOVERY ALONE SUFFICIENT FOR CONVICTION?*

❌ Not always.

👉 Courts generally examine recovery together with:

✔️ Ocular evidence
✔️ Medical evidence
✔️ Circumstantial evidence
✔️ Motive and surrounding facts

_💡 Recovery is usually a supporting piece of evidence rather than the entire case._

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*🟡 WHEN DOES RECOVERY BECOME WEAK?*

Recovery may lose value if:

❌ Witnesses are unreliable
❌ Recovery procedure is doubtful
❌ Object is recovered from a public place accessible to many people
❌ Chain of custody is not established

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*⚖️ PRACTICAL EXAMPLE*

👉 A person is arrested in a murder case.

👉 During investigation, he informs police that the knife used in the offence is buried in a field.

👉 Police recover the knife from that exact location.

_➡️ The recovery may become an important circumstance linking the accused to the offence._

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*⚖️ KEY PRINCIPLE*

_👉 "The significance of discovery lies in the fact found, not merely in the statement made."_

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The long awaited National Internship programe at Federal Tax Ombudsman has been launched.

Do share it with your peers and friends who want to join FTO yhis summer to gain hand on experience of administrative justice and Ombudsman law.

The seats are very limited, so apply to secure your spot.

📢 Registration Deadline Extended!

The last date for submission of registration forms for the 2nd Summer Legal Internship Program 2026 has been extended till 15th June 2026.

The Jillani Law Chamber is proud to announce this six-week internship program, designed to provide final-year law students with practical legal exposure hands-on experience under the mentorship of seasoned legal professionals.

Program Details

Duration: 08 June 2026 to 20 July 2026 (06 Weeks)
Venue: District Bar Association Library, District & Sessions Court, Khairpur
Eligibility: Final-Year LL.B Students

Areas of Learning
• Court Procedures and Legal Practice
• Case Analysis, Case Diagnosis, and Case Noting
• Legal Drafting and Research
• Client Counseling and Professional Ethics

Learn from the Experts

Syed Amjad Ali Shah (M.A., LL.B., LL.M., Ph.D*Law.
Advocate & Lecturer

Shoaib Niaz Khaskheli (M.A., LL.B.)
Senior Advocate & Vice President, District Bar Association, Khairpur

Atta Hussain Chandio (B.A., LL.B.)
Senior Advocate & Former District Public Prosecutor (DPP), Khairpur

Note: Seats are strictly limited. The internship program is being conducted in accordance with the guidelines and standards of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan.

Focal persons for information:

Ahmed Ali, Associate
0301-3869786

Adv. Naila Rajput
0313-0356345

Big relief for students and universities! HEC has decided to defer the implementation of HAT-General and HAT-Subject tests for admissions from Fall 2026 to Fall 2027. This gives everyone more time to prepare smoothly. Fall 2026 admissions will continue as per the existing criteria.