11/08/2025
*TODAY CSS Vocabulary List - Alphabetical Format, Published in Dawn Newspaper on 10-08-2025:*
1. *Abrogating* (منسوخ کرنا) (V)
Officially canceling or repealing
> The government is *abrogating* the previous trade agreements.
*ANT*: Establishing, confirming, ratifying
*SYN*: Canceling, repealing, nullifying, revoking
2. *Accord* (معاہدہ) (N)
Agreement between parties
> The peace *accord* was signed after months of negotiations.
*ANT*: Discord, disagreement, conflict
*SYN*: Agreement, treaty, pact, settlement
3. *Acquiescent* (راضی) (Adj)
Accepting without protest
> The *acquiescent* population accepted the new policies quietly.
*ANT*: Resistant, defiant, rebellious
*SYN*: Compliant, submissive, agreeable, passive
4. *Additives* (اضافی مواد) (N)
Substances added to improve properties
> Food *additives* can enhance flavor and preservation.
*ANT*: Natural ingredients, pure substances
*SYN*: Supplements, enhancers, preservatives, chemicals
5. *Advocacy* (وکالت) (N)
Active support for a cause
> Her *advocacy* for human rights earned international recognition.
*ANT*: Opposition, resistance, neglect
*SYN*: Support, championing, promotion, backing
6. *Aggression* (جارحیت) (N)
Hostile or violent behavior
> Military *aggression* violated international law.
*ANT*: Peace, passivity, friendliness
*SYN*: Hostility, violence, attack, assault
7. *Allocate* (مختص کرنا) (V)
To distribute or assign resources
> The committee will *allocate* funds to various projects.
*ANT*: Withhold, retain, hoard
*SYN*: Assign, distribute, apportion, designate
8. *Ambiguity* (ابہام) (N)
Uncertainty or unclear meaning
> The contract's *ambiguity* led to legal disputes.
*ANT*: Clarity, certainness, precision
*SYN*: Vagueness, uncertainty, confusion, obscurity
9. *Amendments* (ترامیم) (N)
Changes or modifications to laws
> Constitutional *amendments* require special procedures.
*ANT*: Original text, unchanged version
*SYN*: Modifications, revisions, alterations, changes
10. *Amplifying* (بڑھانا) (V)
Increasing or enhancing
> Social media is *amplifying* the protest messages.
*ANT*: Reducing, diminishing, suppressing
*SYN*: Enhancing, boosting, magnifying, intensifying
11. *Annexation* (الحاق) (N)
Incorporation of territory
> The *annexation* of the region caused international concern.
*ANT*: Independence, separation, liberation
*SYN*: Incorporation, acquisition, takeover, absorption
12. *Anti-state* (ریاست مخالف) (Adj)
Against the state
> The *anti-state* activities were investigated by authorities.
*ANT*: Pro-government, patriotic, loyal
*SYN*: Subversive, seditious, treasonous, rebellious
13. *Aquatic ecosystems* (آبی ماحولیاتی نظام) (N)
Water-based environmental systems
> Pollution threatens *aquatic ecosystems* worldwide.
*ANT*: Terrestrial systems, land-based environments
*SYN*: Marine environments, water habitats, freshwater systems
14. *Arsenal* (اسلحہ خانہ) (N)
Collection of weapons
> The military *arsenal* includes modern equipment.
*ANT*: Peace tools, civilian equipment
*SYN*: Armory, weapons cache, stockpile, repository
15. *Asymmetrical* (غیر متوازن) (Adj)
Unequal or disproportionate
> The *asymmetrical* warfare tactics proved effective.
*ANT*: Balanced, equal, symmetrical
*SYN*: Unbalanced, disproportionate, uneven, irregular
16. *Backfire* (الٹا اثر) (V)
Have opposite unintended effect
> The policy changes may *backfire* and worsen the situation.
*ANT*: Succeed, work as planned
*SYN*: Rebound, boomerang, misfire, fail
17. *Backlog* (ملتوی کام) (N)
Accumulation of unfinished work
> The court has a huge *backlog* of pending cases.
*ANT*: Current work, up-to-date tasks
*SYN*: Accumulation, pile-up, buildup, arrears
18. *Bandwagoning* (طاقتور سے جڑنا) (N)
Aligning with stronger power
> Small nations often resort to *bandwagoning* for security.
*ANT*: Independence, neutrality, resistance
*SYN*: Alliance-seeking, alignment, joining, following
19. *Binding targets* (لازمی اہداف) (N)
Legally enforceable goals
> The climate agreement includes *binding targets* for emissions.
*ANT*: Voluntary goals, optional targets
*SYN*: Mandatory objectives, legal obligations, enforceable aims
20. *Capacity-building* (صلاحیت سازی) (N)
Developing skills and abilities
> The program focuses on *capacity-building* for local communities.
*ANT*: Skill reduction, capability decline
*SYN*: Skill development, training, empowerment, strengthening
21. *Captivity* (قید) (N)
State of being imprisoned
> The animals suffered in *captivity* for years.
*ANT*: Freedom, liberty, release
*SYN*: Imprisonment, confinement, detention, incarceration
22. *Ceasefire* (جنگ بندی) (N)
Temporary stop to fighting
> Both sides agreed to a *ceasefire* for humanitarian aid.
*ANT*: Battle, warfare, conflict
*SYN*: Truce, armistice, pause, suspension
23. *Circumstances* (حالات) (N)
Conditions or situations
> Under these *circumstances*, we must act quickly.
*ANT*: Constants, unchanging factors
*SYN*: Conditions, situations, factors, context
24. *Clout* (اثر و رسوخ) (N)
Influence or power in politics or business
> The senator's *clout* helped pass the legislation.
*ANT*: Powerlessness, weakness, insignificance
*SYN*: Influence, power, authority, leverage
25. *Coalition* (اتحاد) (N)
Alliance of groups or countries
> The environmental *coalition* demanded immediate action.
*ANT*: Division, separation, isolation
*SYN*: Alliance, partnership, union, confederation
26. *Commercial interests* (تجارتی مفادات) (N)
Business or profit concerns
> *Commercial interests* often conflict with environmental protection.
*ANT*: Public interest, non-profit concerns
*SYN*: Business concerns, profit motives, corporate interests
27. *Commitment trap* (وعدے کا جال) (N)
Situation where reversing decisions is costly
> Politicians often fall into a *commitment trap* with campaign promises.
*ANT*: Flexible position, easy exit
*SYN*: Binding obligation, locked position, difficult situation
28. *Complacency* (مطمئنی) (N)
Self-satisfaction leading to lack of effort
> *Complacency* in security measures led to the breach.
*ANT*: Vigilance, alertness, concern
*SYN*: Self-satisfaction, smugness, contentment, overconfidence
29. *Complicity* (شراکت) (N)
Involvement in wrongdoing
> His *complicity* in the scandal was eventually exposed.
*ANT*: Innocence, non-involvement, opposition
*SYN*: Involvement, participation, collusion, cooperation
30. *Compulsion* (مجبوری) (N)
Force or pressure to do something
> There was no *compulsion* to attend the meeting.
*ANT*: Choice, freedom, voluntary action
*SYN*: Coercion, pressure, force, obligation
31. *Concessions* (رعایات) (N)
Compromises or agreements
> The union negotiated several *concessions* from management.
*ANT*: Demands, rigid positions, refusals
*SYN*: Compromises, allowances, privileges, agreements
32. *Constitutional* (آئینی) (Adj)
Related to the constitution
> The law faces a *constitutional* challenge in court.
*ANT*: Unconstitutional, illegal, unlawful
*SYN*: Legal, lawful, legitimate, statutory
33. *Controversial* (متنازعہ) (Adj)
Causing disagreement
> The *controversial* policy divided public opinion.
*ANT*: Uncontroversial, accepted, agreed-upon
*SYN*: Disputed, contentious, debatable, divisive
34. *Cooperative* (تعاونی) (Adj)
Working together for mutual benefit
> The *cooperative* approach yielded better results.
*ANT*: Competitive, adversarial, uncooperative
*SYN*: Collaborative, helpful, supportive, united
35. *Corrodes* (کھا جانا) (V)
Gradually destroys or weakens
> Corruption *corrodes* the foundation of democracy.
*ANT*: Strengthens, builds, preserves
*SYN*: Erodes, deteriorates, weakens, destroys
36. *Credible* (قابل اعتماد) (Adj)
Believable or trustworthy
> The witness provided *credible* testimony.
*ANT*: Incredible, untrustworthy, doubtful
*SYN*: Believable, reliable, trustworthy, convincing
37. *Critics* (نقاد) (N)
Those who express disapproval
> Government *critics* demanded transparency in spending.
*ANT*: Supporters, advocates, defenders
*SYN*: Opponents, detractors, censors, reviewers
38. *Defamatory* (بہتان آمیز) (Adj)
Damaging someone's reputation
> The *defamatory* statements resulted in a lawsuit.
*ANT*: Complimentary, praising, flattering
*SYN*: Slanderous, libelous, insulting, damaging
39. *Democratic* (جمہوری) (Adj)
Related to democracy or public rule
> The *democratic* process ensures fair representation.
*ANT*: Authoritarian, dictatorial, undemocratic
*SYN*: Representative, participatory, popular, egalitarian
40. *Despondency* (مایوسی) (N)
Loss of hope
> Economic crisis led to widespread *despondency*.
*ANT*: Hope, optimism, confidence
*SYN*: Despair, hopelessness, dejection, gloom
41. *Detained* (نظربند) (V)
Held in custody
> The suspect was *detained* for questioning.
*ANT*: Released, freed, liberated
*SYN*: Imprisoned, confined, arrested, held
42. *Deterrence* (رادع) (N)
Prevention through fear of consequences
> Nuclear *deterrence* maintained peace during the Cold War.
*ANT*: Encouragement, invitation, provocation
*SYN*: Prevention, discouragement, inhibition, restraint
43. *Disappeared* (غائب کرنا) (V)
Forcibly made to vanish
> Many activists have *disappeared* under the regime.
*ANT*: Appeared, emerged, surfaced
*SYN*: Vanished, abducted, kidnapped, eliminated
44. *Discreet* (محتاط) (Adj)
Careful and secretive
> The diplomat handled the matter in a *discreet* manner.
*ANT*: Obvious, blatant, conspicuous
*SYN*: Careful, cautious, tactful, subtle
45. *Dismal* (مایوس کن) (Adj)
Depressing or gloomy
> The economic forecast looks *dismal*.
*ANT*: Bright, optimistic, encouraging
*SYN*: Gloomy, depressing, bleak, dreary
46. *Displacement* (بے گھر کرنا) (N)
Forced removal from home
> The war caused massive *displacement* of civilians.
*ANT*: Settlement, return, homecoming
*SYN*: Relocation, evacuation, exile, uprooting
47. *Dispute* (تنازعہ) (N)
Disagreement or argument
> The border *dispute* lasted for decades.
*ANT*: Agreement, harmony, consensus
*SYN*: Conflict, disagreement, argument, controversy
48. *Due process* (مناسب عمل) (N)
Fair legal procedures
> Everyone deserves *due process* under the law.
*ANT*: Arbitrary action, unfair treatment
*SYN*: Fair procedure, legal process, justice, fairness
49. *Duplicitous* (دوغلا) (Adj)
Deceitful or two-faced
> The *duplicitous* politician changed positions frequently.
*ANT*: Honest, straightforward, sincere
*SYN*: Deceptive, two-faced, dishonest, hypocritical
50. *Egregious* (انتہائی برا) (Adj)
Outstandingly bad or shocking
> The *egregious* human rights violations sparked international outrage.
*ANT*: Admirable, praiseworthy, excellent
*SYN*: Shocking, appalling, outrageous, flagrant
51. *Elapsed* (گزر چکا) (V)
Passed or gone by
> Two years have *elapsed* since the agreement was signed.
*ANT*: Remaining, upcoming, future
*SYN*: Passed, expired, gone by, concluded
52. *Entrenched* (جمی ہوئی) (Adj)
Firmly established
> *Entrenched* corruption is difficult to eliminate.
*ANT*: Superficial, temporary, removable
*SYN*: Established, rooted, embedded, fixed
53. *Equitable* (منصفانہ) (Adj)
Fair and just for all parties
> The peace settlement must be *equitable* to all sides.
*ANT*: Unfair, biased, unjust
*SYN*: Fair, just, impartial, balanced
54. *Escalating* (بڑھتا ہوا) (V)
Increasing rapidly in intensity
> The conflict is *escalating* beyond control.
*ANT*: De-escalating, decreasing, calming
*SYN*: Intensifying, worsening, growing, mounting
55. *FIA* (ایف آئی اے) (N)
Federal Investigation Agency
> The *FIA* is investigating the financial fraud case.
*ANT*: N/A (Proper noun)
*SYN*: Investigation agency, federal police, law enforcement
56. *Formality* (رسمیت) (N)
Something done to comply with rules
> The approval process is just a *formality* now.
*ANT*: Substance, informality, essence
*SYN*: Procedure, protocol, ceremony, routine
57. *Formative* (ابتدائی) (Adj)
In early development stage
> The *formative* years of education are crucial.
*ANT*: Final, mature, completed
*SYN*: Developmental, early, initial, foundational
58. *Forums* (فورمز) (N)
Places for discussion
> International *forums* address global challenges.
*ANT*: Private meetings, closed discussions
*SYN*: Platforms, venues, meetings, assemblies
59. *Fortnightly* (پندرہ دنوں میں) (Adv)
Occurring every two weeks
> The committee meets *fortnightly* to review progress.
*ANT*: Daily, monthly, irregular
*SYN*: Bi-weekly, every two weeks, twice monthly
60. *Futility* (بے فائدگی) (N)
Pointlessness or uselessness
> The *futility* of the mission became apparent quickly.
*ANT*: Usefulness, effectiveness, purpose
*SYN*: Uselessness, pointlessness, hopelessness, ineffectiveness
61. *Gambit* (داؤ) (N)
Risky move to gain advantage
> The diplomatic *gambit* paid off unexpectedly.
*ANT*: Safe move, conservative approach
*SYN*: Strategy, maneuver, tactic, ploy
62. *Genocide* (نسل کشی) (N)
Systematic extermination
> The international court prosecuted cases of *genocide*.
*ANT*: Protection, preservation, salvation
*SYN*: Mass murder, extermination, ethnic cleansing, holocaust
63. *Gridlocked* (تعطل) (Adj)
Unable to make progress due to disagreement
> The parliament remains *gridlocked* on the budget issue.
*ANT*: Flowing, progressing, moving
*SYN*: Deadlocked, stalled, blocked, paralyzed
64. *Guerrilla warfare* (چھاپہ مار جنگ) (N)
Irregular warfare tactics
> The rebels employed *guerrilla warfare* against the army.
*ANT*: Conventional warfare, regular combat
*SYN*: Irregular combat, insurgency, guerrilla tactics
65. *Handpicked* (چنا ہوا) (Adj)
Carefully selected
> The *handpicked* team consisted of experts.
*ANT*: Random, arbitrary, unselected
*SYN*: Chosen, selected, picked, appointed
66. *Integrity* (دیانت) (N)
Quality of being honest and fair
> The judge's *integrity* was never questioned.
*ANT*: Dishonesty, corruption, deceit
*SYN*: Honesty, uprightness, morality, probity
67. *Intervention* (مداخلت) (N)
Action taken to improve situation
> Military *intervention* was considered as last resort.
*ANT*: Non-interference, withdrawal, abstention
*SYN*: Interference, involvement, action, mediation
68. *Jeopardise* (خطرے میں ڈالنا) (V)
To put at risk
> The scandal could *jeopardise* his political career.
*ANT*: Protect, secure, safeguard
*SYN*: Endanger, threaten, risk, compromise
69. *Justified* (جائز قرار دیا) (V)
Proved right or reasonable
> The extreme measures were *justified* by the circumstances.
*ANT*: Unjustified, wrong, unreasonable
*SYN*: Warranted, legitimate, valid, reasonable
70. *Laughable* (مضحکہ خیز) (Adj)
Ridiculous or absurd
> The proposal was *laughable* and quickly rejected.
*ANT*: Serious, credible, reasonable
*SYN*: Ridiculous, absurd, comical, preposterous
71. *Leakage* (رساؤ) (N)
Uncontrolled escape or discharge
> Information *leakage* compromised the operation.
*ANT*: Containment, security, retention
*SYN*: Escape, discharge, seepage, spillage
72. *Legislative* (قانون سازی) (Adj)
Related to making laws
> The *legislative* process requires multiple readings.
*ANT*: Executive, judicial, administrative
*SYN*: Law-making, parliamentary, statutory, legal
73. *Lethality* (مہلک پن) (N)
Capability to cause death
> The weapon's *lethality* makes it dangerous.
*ANT*: Harmlessness, safety, non-violence
*SYN*: Deadliness, fatality, destructiveness, danger
74. *Liberties* (آزادیاں) (N)
Freedoms or privileges taken
> Civil *liberties* must be protected in democracy.
*ANT*: Restrictions, limitations, constraints
*SYN*: Freedoms, rights, privileges, permissions
75. *Logistical* (سپلائی) (Adj)
Related to supplies and transport
> The *logistical* challenges delayed the mission.
*ANT*: Strategic, tactical, operational
*SYN*: Supply-related, organizational, administrative, operational
76. *Managerial* (انتظامی) (Adj)
Related to management or supervision
> The *managerial* decisions improved efficiency.
*ANT*: Operational, worker-level, subordinate
*SYN*: Administrative, supervisory, executive, organizational
77. *Mandate* (ذمہ داری) (N)
Official authority or responsibility
> The election gave the party a clear *mandate*.
*ANT*: Optional task, suggestion, request
*SYN*: Authority, responsibility, commission, directive
78. *Marginalized* (پسماندہ) (Adj)
Excluded from mainstream society
> *Marginalized* communities need special attention.
*ANT*: Mainstream, included, privileged
*SYN*: Excluded, sidelined, disadvantaged, oppressed
79. *Marvelled* (حیران) (V)
Felt wonder or amazement
> Visitors *marvelled* at the ancient architecture.
*ANT*: Ignored, dismissed, scorned
*SYN*: Wondered, amazed, admired, appreciated
80. *Mentor* (رہنما) (N)
A guide or teacher who provides advice
> The senior officer served as his *mentor*.
*ANT*: Student, follower, mentee
*SYN*: Guide, teacher, advisor, coach
81. *Multifaceted* (کثیر الجہات) (Adj)
Having many aspects
> The crisis requires a *multifaceted* approach.
*ANT*: Simple, one-dimensional, singular
*SYN*: Complex, varied, diverse, comprehensive
82. *Murderous* (قاتلانہ) (Adj)
Extremely dangerous or deadly
> The *murderous* regime killed thousands.
*ANT*: Peaceful, harmless, benevolent
*SYN*: Deadly, lethal, violent, homicidal
83. *Muscular* (طاقتور) (Adj)
Strong and forceful approach
> The government adopted a *muscular* foreign policy.
*ANT*: Weak, gentle, soft
*SYN*: Strong, forceful, aggressive, robust
84. *Navigate* (راہ دکھانا) (V)
To find a way through difficulties
> Leaders must *navigate* complex political situations.
*ANT*: Get lost, wander, stumble
*SYN*: Guide, steer, maneuver, direct
85. *Newbie* (نیا آدمی) (N)
A person new to a particular activity
> The *newbie* needs time to learn the procedures.
*ANT*: Veteran, expert, experienced person
*SYN*: Beginner, newcomer, novice, rookie
86. *Novel* (نیا) (Adj)
New and original
> The *novel* approach solved the problem effectively.
*ANT*: Old, traditional, conventional
*SYN*: New, original, innovative, fresh
87. *Nuanced* (باریک) (Adj)
Having subtle distinctions
> The issue requires a *nuanced* understanding.
*ANT*: Simple, black-and-white, crude
*SYN*: Subtle, refined, sophisticated, complex
88. *Oblasts* (صوبے) (N)
Administrative regions
> Ukrainian *oblasts* were affected by the conflict.
*ANT*: Central government, federal level
*SYN*: Provinces, regions, territories, districts
89. *Optimist* (امید پرست) (N)
Person who expects good outcomes
> The *optimist* believed peace was possible.
*ANT*: Pessimist, cynic, doubter
*SYN*: Positive thinker, hopeful person, believer
90. *Paramilitary* (نیم فوجی) (Adj)
Semi-military force
> *Paramilitary* groups patrolled the border areas.
*ANT*: Civilian, regular military, police
*SYN*: Semi-military, militia, auxiliary forces
91. *Perceptible* (قابل احساس) (Adj)
Noticeable or detectable
> There was a *perceptible* change in his attitude.
*ANT*: Imperceptible, unnoticeable, invisible
*SYN*: Noticeable, detectable, visible, apparent
92. *Perimeter* (باہری حد) (N)
Outer boundary of an area
> Guards patrolled the *perimeter* of the facility.
*ANT*: Center, interior, core
*SYN*: Boundary, border, edge, circumference
93. *Perpetrators* (مجرم) (N)
Those who commit crimes
> The *perpetrators* of the attack were arrested.
*ANT*: Victims, innocent people, law-abiders
*SYN*: Criminals, offenders, culprits, wrongdoers
94. *Perspectives* (نقطہ نظر) (N)
Different viewpoints
> The debate included various *perspectives* on the issue.
*ANT*: Single view, uniform opinion
*SYN*: Viewpoints, opinions, angles, outlooks
95. *Phasing out* (تدریجی خاتمہ) (V)
Gradually eliminating or reducing
> The government is *phasing out* coal power plants.
*ANT*: Introducing, implementing, expanding
*SYN*: Eliminating, discontinuing, withdrawing, reducing
96. *Piecemeal* (ٹکڑوں میں) (Adv)
Done in small, separate stages
> The reforms were implemented *piecemeal* over years.
*ANT*: Comprehensive, all-at-once, wholesale
*SYN*: Gradually, bit by bit, step by step, partially
97. *Polymers* (پولیمر) (N)
Large molecules made of repeated units
> Plastic waste contains various *polymers*.
*ANT*: Simple molecules, basic elements
*SYN*: Plastics, synthetic materials, compounds
98. *Precarious* (غیر محفوظ) (Adj)
Uncertain or unstable
> The peace agreement remains in a *precarious* state.
*ANT*: Secure, stable, safe
*SYN*: Unstable, risky, uncertain, dangerous
99. *Precedent* (نظیر) (N)
An earlier example used as a guide
> The court's decision set an important *precedent*.
*ANT*: Innovation, first case, novelty
*SYN*: Example, model, standard, guide
100. *Pre-emptive* (پیش قدمی) (Adj)
Taking action before opponent acts
> The *pre-emptive* strike prevented enemy attack.
*ANT*: Reactive, defensive, responsive
*SYN*: Preventive, proactive, anticipatory, preemptive
101. *Pretext* (بہانہ) (N)
False reason used to justify an action
> The invasion was launched under the *pretext* of liberation.
*ANT*: Real reason, genuine cause, truth
*SYN*: Excuse, pretense, cover, justification
102. *Proponent* (حامی) (N)
Supporter or advocate
> She is a strong *proponent* of environmental protection.
*ANT*: Opponent, critic, adversary
*SYN*: Supporter, advocate, champion, backer
103. *Provocations* (اشتعال انگیزی) (N)
Actions intended to provoke anger
> Military *provocations* increased tensions at the border.
*ANT*: Peacemaking, reconciliation, calming actions
*SYN*: Incitement, instigation, goading, agitation
104. *Psychopathic* (نفسیاتی مریض) (Adj)
Mentally unstable
> The *psychopathic* behavior alarmed everyone.
*ANT*: Normal, stable, healthy
*SYN*: Mentally ill, unstable, disturbed, deranged
105. *Raison d'être* (وجود کی وجہ) (N)
Reason for existence or purpose
> Fighting corruption is the organization's *raison d'être*.
*ANT*: Purposelessness, meaninglessness
*SYN*: Purpose, reason, justification, mission
106. *Reciprocal* (باہمی) (Adj)
Given or done in return
> The trade agreement includes *reciprocal* benefits.
*ANT*: One-sided, unilateral, selfish
*SYN*: Mutual, shared, bilateral, corresponding
107. *Rekindle* (دوبارہ جگانا) (V)
To revive or renew
> The meeting helped *rekindle* diplomatic relations.
*ANT*: Extinguish, end, destroy
*SYN*: Revive, renew, restore, reignite
108. *Reluctant* (ہچکچاہٹ) (Adj)
Unwilling or hesitant
> The *reluctant* witness finally testified.
*ANT*: Eager, willing, enthusiastic
*SYN*: Unwilling, hesitant, resistant, unenthusiastic
109. *Remarkable* (قابل ذکر) (Adj)
Extraordinary or noteworthy
> The peace process showed *remarkable* progress.
*ANT*: Ordinary, unremarkable, common
*SYN*: Extraordinary, notable, outstanding, impressive
110. *Reminisce* (یاد کرنا) (V)
To recall past experiences fondly
> Veterans often *reminisce* about their service days.
*ANT*: Forget, ignore, dismiss
*SYN*: Remember, recall, recollect, reflect
111. *Safeguard* (تحفظ) (V)
Protect from harm or damage
> New laws will *safeguard* consumer rights.
*ANT*: Endanger, threaten, expose
*SYN*: Protect, defend, preserve, shield
112. *Silence* (خاموش کرانا) (V)
Make quiet or suppress
> The regime tried to *silence* opposition voices.
*ANT*: Amplify, encourage, promote
*SYN*: Suppress, mute, quiet, stifle
113. *Sluggish* (سست) (Adj)
Slow-moving or inactive
> The economy remains *sluggish* despite reforms.
*ANT*: Active, energetic, rapid
*SYN*: Slow, inactive, lethargic, stagnant
114. *Squandered* (ضائع کیا) (V)
Wasted carelessly
> The government *squandered* taxpayer money on failed projects.
*ANT*: Conserved, saved, invested wisely
*SYN*: Wasted, misused, frittered, dissipated
115. *Starvation* (فاقہ کشی) (N)
Extreme hunger
> The blockade caused widespread *starvation*.
*ANT*: Abundance, plenty, nourishment
*SYN*: Hunger, famine, malnutrition, deprivation
116. *Status quo* (موجودہ صورتحال) (N)
The existing state of affairs
> Protesters demanded change to the *status quo*.
*ANT*: Change, reform, revolution
*SYN*: Current situation, existing order, present state
117. *Stoking* (بھڑکانا) (V)
Encouraging or inciting
> Politicians were accused of *stoking* ethnic tensions.
*ANT*: Calming, soothing, pacifying
*SYN*: Inciting, provoking, fueling, inflaming
118. *Strategic* (حکمت عملی) (Adj)
Relating to long-term plans and objectives
> The *strategic* partnership benefits both countries.
*ANT*: Tactical, short-term, immediate
*SYN*: Planned, calculated, deliberate, systematic
119. *Suspended* (معطل) (V)
Temporarily stopped or halted
> The peace talks were *suspended* indefinitely.
*ANT*: Resumed, continued, activated
*SYN*: Halted, stopped, paused, postponed
120. *Swarming* (بھرنا) (V)
Gathering in large numbers
> Protesters were *swarming* the government building.
*ANT*: Dispersing, scattering, leaving
*SYN*: Crowding, flocking, gathering, mobbing
121. *Tactical* (حکمت عملی) (Adj)
Relating to military strategy
> The commander made important *tactical* decisions.
*ANT*: Strategic, long-term, overall
*SYN*: Strategic, calculated, planned, methodical
122. *Takeaway* (سبق) (N)
Key lesson or insight gained
> The main *takeaway* from the meeting was unity.
*ANT*: Confusion, misunderstanding, loss
*SYN*: Lesson, insight, conclusion, message
123. *Tangible* (ٹھوس) (Adj)
Real and concrete
> The project produced *tangible* results for the community.
*ANT*: Intangible, abstract, theoretical
*SYN*: Concrete, real, solid, material
124. *Trajectory* (رفتار) (N)
Path or course of development
> The country's economic *trajectory* looks promising.
*ANT*: Stagnation, standstill, randomness
*SYN*: Path, course, direction, progression
125. *Transition* (منتقلی) (N)
Process of changing from one state to another
> The *transition* to democracy was gradual.
*ANT*: Continuity, stability, permanence
*SYN*: Change, shift, transformation, conversion
126. *Tribunal* (ٹریبونل) (N)
A specialized court for specific disputes
> The war crimes *tribunal* delivered its verdict.
*ANT*: Regular court, informal hearing
*SYN*: Court, panel, commission, board
127. *Unilateralism* (یک طرفہ پن) (N)
Acting independently without consulting others
> The policy of *unilateralism* damaged international relations.
*ANT*: Multilateralism, cooperation, consultation
*SYN*: Independent action, solo approach, one-sided policy
128. *Upstream* (اوپری دھارے) (Adj)
Earlier stages of production process
> *Upstream* industries supply raw materials.
*ANT*: Downstream, final stages, end process
*SYN*: Earlier stage, source level, preliminary
129. *Vague* (مبہم) (Adj)
Unclear or indefinite
> The minister's response was disappointingly *vague*.
*ANT*: Clear, specific, definite
*SYN*: Unclear, ambiguous, indefinite, imprecise
130. *Ventures* (کاروبار) (N)
Business enterprises or projects
> New business *ventures* require careful planning.
*ANT*: Established businesses, safe investments
*SYN*: Enterprises, projects, undertakings, initiatives
131. *Versatility* (ہمہ کاری) (N)
Ability to adapt to many uses
> The weapon's *versatility* made it popular with forces.
*ANT*: Rigidity, inflexibility, specialization
*SYN*: Adaptability, flexibility, multi-purpose nature
132. *Viable* (قابل عمل) (Adj)
Capable of working successfully
> The peace plan seems *viable* with proper support.
*ANT*: Unworkable, impossible, impractical
*SYN*: Feasible, workable, practical, achievable
133. *Virgin plastic* (نئی پلاسٹک) (N)
Newly manufactured plastic from raw materials
> Industries prefer *virgin plastic* for quality products.
*ANT*: Recycled plastic, reused materials
*SYN*: New plastic, fresh material, original plastic
134. *Watchdog* (نگران ادارہ) (N)
Organization monitoring others
> The media acts as a *watchdog* over government actions.
*ANT*: Collaborator, supporter, enabler
*SYN*: Monitor, overseer, guardian, supervisor
135. *Watered-down* (کمزور) (Adj)
Made less effective or forceful
> The final agreement was a *watered-down* version.
*ANT*: Strengthened, concentrated, enhanced
*SYN*: Diluted, weakened, reduced, softened
136. *Weaponised* (ہتھیار بنانا) (V)
Used as a weapon or tool for attack
> Social media has been *weaponised* for propaganda.
*ANT*: Peaceful use, constructive application
*SYN*: Militarized, turned into weapon, used aggressively
137. *Whims* (خواہشات) (N)
Sudden desires or changes of mind
> Policy shouldn't change according to leader's *whims*.
*ANT*: Consistency, steadiness, principles
*SYN*: Impulses, fancies, caprices, sudden desires
important Vocabulary | Ace gk academy
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