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25/08/2026

Medical Pearls:

SGLT2 inhibitors should be stopped preoperatively because of the risk of euglycemic DKA.

🏥 Preoperative SGLT2 rule
Dapagliflozin (Forxiga): stop ≥3 days before surgery
Empagliflozin (Jardiance): stop ≥3 days before surgery
Canagliflozin (Invokana): stop ≥3 days before surgery
Ertugliflozin (Steglatro): stop ≥4 days before surgery

Easy memory:
👉 Most SGLT2 inhibitors = 3 days
👉 Ertugliflozin = 4 days

⚠️ Postoperative

Do not restart automatically after surgery. Restart only when the patient is clinically stable, eating and drinking normally, adequately hydrated, and without ketosis/DKA risk.

Pearl: Normal glucose does NOT exclude SGLT2-associated euglycemic DKA.

Watch on: https://youtu.be/J_ktallsJC8In this video, we explain antibodies (immunoglobulins) from the basics to the high...
15/08/2026

Watch on: https://youtu.be/J_ktallsJC8

In this video, we explain antibodies (immunoglobulins) from the basics to the high-yield clinical concepts you need to know for medical exams and clinical practice.

You will learn the structure of an antibody, its different regions and functions, how antibodies interact with antigens, how they activate the complement system, and how millions of different antibodies are produced.

We also explain the five major classes of immunoglobulins, IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgD, including their important functions and clinical significance.

In this video, you will learn:

• Antibody structure and components
• Antigen-binding site and Fab region
• Fc region and its functions
• How antibodies recognize antigens
• How antibodies activate complement
• Mechanisms of antibody-mediated immunity
• How millions of different antibodies are produced
• B cells, plasma cells and antibody production
• Classes of immunoglobulins
• IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE and IgD
• Important differences between antibody classes
• High-yield clinical and exam points

This lecture is useful for MBBS students, FCPS candidates, medical students, and anyone studying Immunology, Microbiology or Medicine.

If you are preparing for FCPS Part 1, NRE, USMLE, PLAB or other medical examinations, this video will help you build a strong conceptual understanding of antibodies rather than simply memorizing facts.

Subscribe to YT Academy for more concept-based medical lectures, high-yield exam points and medical MCQ discussions.

27/07/2026

S1 vs S2 Heart Sounds Made Easy | Frequency, Pitch & Duration | FCPS Part 1, USMLE | YT Academy

22/07/2026

Coagulation Cascade Made Easy | Intrinsic & Extrinsic Pathways | YT Academy

Watch Full on Youtube:

https://youtu.be/3tASexBW4Ts

19/07/2026

Diaphragmatic Apertures Made Easy | USMLE First Aid Mnemonics | FCPS Part 1

18/07/2026

Oxygen Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve Made Easy | Best Mnemonic for FCPS |YT Academy

16/07/2026

FCPS Exam Preparation Tip:

From my experience, solving MCQs is far more effective than simply reading one liners. When you attempt a question yourself, your brain actively recalls information, making the concept easier to retain and much harder to forget.

Another major advantage is that the same concept is often tested in multiple ways. A one liner usually presents only a single fact, but MCQs expose you to different clinical scenarios, different stems, and different distractors. This helps you understand the concept instead of memorizing isolated facts.

My advice is to make MCQs the foundation of your preparation. Read the explanations carefully, learn from your mistakes, and use one liners only as a tool for quick revision, not as your primary study method.

Remember, the exam tests your ability to choose the correct answer from multiple options, not your ability to read one liners. Practice accordingly.

Raffi points should only be used as last revision book when u have already done theory and MCQs practice. No one will remember one liner question asked in 10 different ways.

15/07/2026

I Passed FCPS Part 1 | My Complete Strategy & Advice for Every FCPS Aspirant

Alhamdulillah!

In this video, I share my complete FCPS Part 1 journey, the lessons I learned, and the study strategy that helped me finally achieve success.

This is not just a success story. It is a practical guide for every doctor preparing for FCPS Part 1 (Medicine & Allied).

In this video, I discuss:

✅ My FCPS Part 1 preparation journey

✅ The biggest mistakes I made during preparation

✅ What I changed to improve my performance

✅ My complete study strategy

✅ How I revised effectively

✅ The importance of repeated MCQ practice and past papers

✅ Books and resources that helped me

✅ Study routine and time management

✅ Advice for first time candidates and repeaters

My goal is to help junior doctors avoid common mistakes and prepare more efficiently. I hope my experience saves you time and makes your preparation more focused.

If this video helps you, please support the channel by:

👍 Like the video

💬 Share your thoughts in the comments

📢 Share it with your friends preparing for FCPS

🔔 Subscribe to YT Academy for more FCPS high yield lectures, mnemonics, MCQs, study strategies, and exam guidance.

Channel Link:
www.youtube.com/ytacademy

May Allah grant success to every hardworking doctor. Ameen.

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