Physics Basic Concepts

This picture explains Momentum and energy

Momentum and Energy Basics:

Momentum and energy are fundamental concepts in physics, each with its own significance:
Momentum:
Momentum (p) is the product of an object's mass (m) and its velocity (v). Mathematically
p=m⋅v.
Momentum is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, and it follows Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of its momentum

Momentum is conserved in closed systems, meaning the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after. This conservation principle is particularly useful in understanding collisions and interactions between objects.

Energy:
Energy is the ability to do work or produce an effect. It comes in various forms, including kinetic energy (related to motion), potential energy (related to position), and other forms like thermal, chemical, and nuclear energy. The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms. This principle is crucial in understanding a wide range of physical phenomena. The most famous equation related to energy is Einst
E=mc^2
, which describes the equivalence of mass and energy.

In summary, momentum and energy are key concepts in physics. Momentum is associated with motion and interactions, while energy is a more generalized concept related to the capacity to do work. Both play essential roles in understanding and predicting the behavior of physical systems.

of Distance:
The magnitude or size of displacement between two positions.
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It is a simple line graph that denotes distance versus time findings on the graph. Distance is plotted on the Y-axis. Time is plotted on the X-axis.
Distance time graph shows how the distance and speed of an object changes with time.

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Waves can be defined as:
"The disturbance in a medium to transfer energy is called a wave".

Wavelength:
The distance between two successive crests or troughs is called a wavelength.
Its symbol is lambda (λ).

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Physics improves our quality of life by providing the basic understanding necessary for developing new instrumentation and techniques for medical applications, such as computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, ultrasonic imaging, and laser surgery.

SI Unit Symbols:
Length (l) Meter. m.
Mass (M) Kilogram. kg.
Time (T) Second. s.
Electric current (I) Ampere. A.
Thermodynamic temperature (Θ) Kelvin. K.
Amount of substance Mole. mol.
Force :Newton : N

In physics basic concepts today we will study about force.

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The push or pull on an object with mass causes it to change its velocity.
Force is an external agent capable of changing a body's state of rest or motion. It has a magnitude and a direction.
It is a vector quantity. It has both magnitude and direction.

Mathematical expression:
Mathematically force can be written as:
F=ma
Where m= mass of an object
And a= acceleration

In physics basic concepts today will study about energy.
"Energy is the ability to do work
Which is the ability to exert a force causing displacement of an object."

In Easy words we can say that energy is just the force that causes things to move.

There are two basic types of energy.
1. kinetic energy
2. potential energy

Energy stored in an object due to its position is Potential Energy.
It's formula is
P E = m g h
Energy that a moving object has due to its motion is Kinetic Energy.
It's formula is
K.E. = 1/2 mv^2

Today we will study about force.
Definition of Force:
Force is a push or a pull effort that one object exerts on another object.

SYMBOL:
Force is denoted by 'F'.

MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION:
F= ma

From above formula we can also define force .
"The product of mass and acceleration is known as force."

UNITS:
Unit of force is 'Newton'.

DIMENSION:
Dimension of force is LMT^-2

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The 3rd law states that for every action(force) in nature there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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The product of mass and velocity of an object is called momentum.
It is a three dimensional vector quantity, possesssing direction and magnitude.
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It is denoted by P.

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If m is mass and v is velocity of an object then its momentum will be:
P=mv